eim common competency

1. Basic Concepts of
Electricity
Trainer: Rekhnor S. Magbanua

2. Introduction
 In order to properly conduct electrical
installation and maintenance, we need to
be able to understand the essential
principles of electricity. This lesson gives
us an overview of the basic concepts
involved, like matter, the sources of
electricity, voltage, current, power,
resistance, and electrical circuits.

3. TOPIC 1: Nature of Matter

4. States of Matter

11. TOPIC 2: Sources of Electricity

12. PHOTOELECTRICITY
 The electricity made by a light (photo) beam is
called photoelectricity. During the photoelectric
effect, photons of light pass their energy to
electrons to produce an electric current.

13. THERMOELECTRICITY
 Also known as the Peltier-Seebeck effect
 Heat is converted to electricity and vice versa through the
Seebeck effect and the Peltier effect.

14. PIEZOELECTRICITY
 Literally means pressure electricity
 Autodesk defined this as the process of using crystals to
convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, or vice
versa.
 Examples of piezoelectric materials include quartz crystal,
topaz, and tourmaline.

15. CHEMICAL SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY
 Galvanic cells, also known as voltaic cells, are
electrochemical cells where spontaneous oxidation-
reactions yield electrical energy.
 Batteries are a type of galvanic cell that generates electric
energy through the direct conversion of the chemical
energy of oxidation-reduction reactions.

16. ELECTROMAGNETIC EFFECT
 The electromagnetic force is a form of physical interaction
that takes place between electrically charged particles. It
operates between charged particles and is the merging of
all magnetic and electrical forces.
 Electric and magnetic fields are regions wherein electric
and magnetic forces can be detected. These regions create
new fields of its counterparts (McGrayne, 2020).

17. Wind Turbine
 A wind turbine works by having the blade capture the
wind’s kinetic energy. The blade then rotates and turns the
wind into mechanical energy. This occurs when the blade’s
rotation turns an internal shaft connected to a gearbox,
increasing the speed of rotation by a factor of 100. That
spins a generator that produces electricity.

19. Hydroelectricity
 Hydropower plants use the energy of falling water to create
electricity. A turbine is used to change the kinetic energy of
falling water into mechanical energy, and then a generator
is used to transform the mechanical energy from the
turbine into electrical energy.

20. Geothermal Energy
 Geothermal power plants are used to produce Geothermal
energy by using heat from deep inside the Earth to
generate steam and make electricity

21. Diesel Generator
 Diesel generators burn diesel fuel to produce electricity by
combining an electric generator and a diesel engine. These
machines convert some of the chemical energy, contained
by the diesel fuel, to mechanical energy through
combustion. The mechanical energy then rotates a crank to
produce electricity.

22. Biogas
 Biogas is a form of biofuel naturally produced by decomposing
organic waste. Organic matter, such as food scraps and animal
waste release a blend of gases such as methane and carbon
dioxide when they are broken down in an anaerobic environment
or an environment without oxygen. Due to the decomposition
happening in an anaerobic environment, the process of producing
biogas is also known as anaerobic digestion.

23. Biomass
 Biomass is a form of renewable energy source obtained
from wood, manure, garbage, and agricultural waste.

24. Coal
 Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary
rock consisting of a high amount of carbon and
hydrocarbons. It is classified as a nonrenewable energy
source since it takes millions of years to form. Coal has the
energy stored by hundred-million-year-old plants found in
swampy forests.

25. TOPIC 3: Understanding Voltage,
Current, Power and Resistance

33. TOPIC 4: Electrical Circuits
 An electrical circuit is a path or line that
allows the flow of electrical current. It is
usually formed as a loop, with the path
closed due to the joining of both ends. An
electrical circuit can be open or closed. In
an open circuit, there is no electricity flow
because the path is broken. In a closed
circuit, there is a flow of electricity
because the path is continuous.

35. Circuit Diagram
 A circuit diagram is used to represent the
electrical circuit using industry-standard
symbols. It shows the path of the electrical
energy flow, and how the components are
connected to each other. There are two types
of circuit diagrams: pictorial style and
schematic style.
 The pictorial style uses simpler illustrations of
the components so that it would be more
understandable to a less technical audience.
On the other hand, the schematic style uses
industry-standard symbols.

38. Basic Components of an Electric
Circuit

40. Types of Electric Circuits

44. Activity
Read the problems below and answer it using
ohms law and power law formulas. (show your
solutions)
1. The circuit has a total power of 10 watts
with 2A of current what is the circuit
voltage and resistance?
2. John has a big trouble in identifying the
total power of the circuit with 3 pcs series
connected resistor with the value of 5, 10
and 11 ohms at 12V. Help john to identify.

45. THE END