The document defines key terms related to ecosystems, biomes, and environmental factors. It describes the biotic and abiotic factors within ecosystems and how living organisms compete for limited resources. It discusses how ecosystems can be impacted by changes both natural and human-caused, such as deforestation, pollution, invasive species, and natural disasters. Predicting these impacts and solutions to harmful changes are also covered. The passage explains how energy moves through ecosystems via food webs and food chains and how various cycles like the carbon and nitrogen cycles repeat in environments.

2.  _______________ - the global sum of
all ecosystems. It can also be termed
the zone of life on Earth.
 _______________ - A region of Earth
that has a particular climate and certain
types of plants. (Ex. tundra, desert,
grassland...)
 ______________ - All the living and
nonliving factors in an environment.
Biosphere
Biome
Ecosystem

3.  _______________ - a group of species
living in the same place or having a
particular characteristic in common.
 _______________ – the number of a
specific species in a given area.
 _______________ – A specific organism
Community
Individual
Population

5. Ecosystems
 ______________ – the scientific study of
how organisms interact with their
environment and all the other organisms that
live in their environment.
 ______________ – All the living and
nonliving factors in an environment.
Ecology
Ecosystems

6.  ______________ Factors – All of the living
factors in an ecosystem
 Examples:
○ Animal populations
○ Plant populations
○ Microorganism populations
 ______________ Factors – All of the nonliving
factors in an ecosystem.
 Examples:
○ Soil composition
○ Sunlight availability
○ Water purity and availability
○ Pollution
○ Temperature
Biotic
Abiotic

7. Competition
 Ecosystems have limited resources to sustain
life. Living organisms are constantly
_________________ for:
○ Food (predator vs prey)
○ Light
○ Water
○ Fertile Soil
competing

8. Changes in
Ecosystems/Environments
 Ecosystems can be benefited and be
harmed by changes.
 Deforestation
 Overpopulation
 Water and air pollution
 Depletion of resources
 Invasive species
 Natural disasters
 …

9. Invasive Species
 ________________ Species - Species
which moves into an ecosystem and
replaces/affects established species.
 Example is KudZoo
Invasive

10. Impact on environment
(Disease)
 _____________ – an abnormal
condition affecting and organism
 Viruses
 Bacteria
 Protists
 Fungi
Disease

11. Predict
 Predict the impact (beneficial or harmful)
of a natural environmental change (ie.
forest fire, flood, volcanic eruption,
avalanche) on the organisms in an
ecosystem.
 Describe possible solution to potentially
harmful environmental changes within
an ecosystem.

12. Energy moves through an
ecosystem
 A ______________________diagrams
the transfer of energy in an ecosystem.
 Decomposers
 Scavengers
 Predator/Prey relationships
Food Web

13. Food Web

14. Food Chain

15. Cyclesin Environments
 _______________ – a never-ending
process which repeats itself over and
over.
 Oxygen/Carbon Dioxide Cycles -
Cycle

17.  _______________ CycleNitrogen