SlideShare a Scribd company logo
7.2 Half-Life
Carbon Dating
The Rate of Radioactive Decay
Using a Decay Curve
Common Isotope Pairs
The Potassium-40 Clock
Carbon Dating
• We can measure the radioactivity in plants or
animals and how it has changed
• All organisms on the Earth contain carbon
• Radiocarbon dating: the process of determining the
age of an object by measuring the amount of carbon-
14 remaining.
• A living organisms have approximately the same ratio
of carbon-12 to carbon-14
• When an organism dies the carbon-14 atoms decay
over time
The Rate of Radioactive Decay
• The rate of radioactive decay can be compared using
a quantity called half-life
• Half-life: the time required for half of the radioactive
(unstable) material to decay into a more stable
material.
• The shorter the half-life, the faster the decay
• The half-life of strontium-90 is 29 years, if you have
20g of strontium-90 in 29 years you will have 10g
Using a Decay Curve
• All radioactive decay rates
follow a similar pattern
called a decay curve
• Decay curve: a curved line
on a graph that shows the
rate at which radioisotopes
decay.
• The difference between
different isotopes is the
length of their half-life
Common Isotope Pairs
• Parent isotope: the isotope that undergoes
radioactive decay
• Daughter isotope: the stable product of radioactive
decay
• Each isotope can be used for radiocarbon dating
• The dating range is different depending on the half-
life of the parent isotope
List of Common Isotope Pairs
The Potassium-40 Clock
• Potassium-40/Argon-40 has a half life of 1.3 billion
years (as shown in common isotope pairs list)
• Argon-40 is found trapped in molten rocks in the
form of a gas as potassium-40 decays
• The ratio between the mass of potassium=40 and
argon-40 determines the age of the rock
– If there are equal masses of potassium-40 and argon-40
the rock is 1.3 billion years old(1 half-life)
Questions
1. Give the definition of the following:
b. Half-life
c. Decay curve
d. Radiocarbon dating
e. Daughter isotope
f. Parent isotope
2. What is the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in a living organism?
3. What happens to the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 when an
organism dies?
4. If you have 10g of an element with a half-life of 10 years for much
of said element would you have in 20 years
5. What is the daughter isotope of Uranium-238?
6. What is the half-life of potassium-40/argon-40?
Answers
1. Definitions
b. Half-life: the time required for half of the radioactive (unstable) material to
decay into a more stable material.
c. Decay curve: a curved line on a graph that shows the rate at which
radioisotopes decay.
d. Radiocarbon dating: the process of determining the age of an object by
measuring the amount of carbon-14 remaining.
e. Daughter isotope: the stable product of radioactive decay
f. Parent isotope: the isotope that undergoes radioactive decay
2. There is an equal amount of carbon-12 to carbon-14
3. The ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 decreases. There becomes less
carbon-14 as it decays
4. 2.5g
5. Lead-206
6. 1.3 billion years

More Related Content

What's hot

Half-life and Nuclear Reaction
Half-life and Nuclear ReactionHalf-life and Nuclear Reaction
Half-life and Nuclear Reactionclareyfans
 
Radioactivity
RadioactivityRadioactivity
Radioactivity
Sanam Thapa
 
Radioactivity
RadioactivityRadioactivity
RadioactivityE H Annex
 
Radioactivity
RadioactivityRadioactivity
Radioactivity
Shafie Sofian
 
Atoms and radioactivity
Atoms and radioactivityAtoms and radioactivity
Atoms and radioactivity
Asuquo Asuquo
 
Intro to nuclear chemistry
Intro to nuclear chemistryIntro to nuclear chemistry
Intro to nuclear chemistry
Preethi Lakshmanan
 
20 1 radioactivity
20 1 radioactivity20 1 radioactivity
20 1 radioactivitySteve Bishop
 
Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear ChemistryNuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Chemistry
Emma Wise
 
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decayRadioactive decay
Radioactive decay
Sarbjit Rindi
 
Unit2 Presentation
Unit2 PresentationUnit2 Presentation
Unit2 Presentation
poags25
 
Half life
Half lifeHalf life
Basics of Nuclear physics
Basics of Nuclear physicsBasics of Nuclear physics
Basics of Nuclear physics
Jaya Yadav
 
Ch 31 Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
Ch 31 Nuclear Physics and RadioactivityCh 31 Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
Ch 31 Nuclear Physics and RadioactivityScott Thomas
 
Nuclear changes
Nuclear changesNuclear changes
Nuclear changesjtwining
 
Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,
Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,
Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,kamal2200
 

What's hot (20)

Half-life and Nuclear Reaction
Half-life and Nuclear ReactionHalf-life and Nuclear Reaction
Half-life and Nuclear Reaction
 
Radioactivity
RadioactivityRadioactivity
Radioactivity
 
Radioactivity
RadioactivityRadioactivity
Radioactivity
 
Unit 17 Radioactive Decay
Unit 17 Radioactive DecayUnit 17 Radioactive Decay
Unit 17 Radioactive Decay
 
Radioactivity
RadioactivityRadioactivity
Radioactivity
 
Nuclear Decay
Nuclear DecayNuclear Decay
Nuclear Decay
 
Radioactivity
RadioactivityRadioactivity
Radioactivity
 
Atoms and radioactivity
Atoms and radioactivityAtoms and radioactivity
Atoms and radioactivity
 
Intro to nuclear chemistry
Intro to nuclear chemistryIntro to nuclear chemistry
Intro to nuclear chemistry
 
20 1 radioactivity
20 1 radioactivity20 1 radioactivity
20 1 radioactivity
 
Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear ChemistryNuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Chemistry
 
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decayRadioactive decay
Radioactive decay
 
Unit2 Presentation
Unit2 PresentationUnit2 Presentation
Unit2 Presentation
 
Half life
Half lifeHalf life
Half life
 
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decayRadioactive decay
Radioactive decay
 
Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear ChemistryNuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Chemistry
 
Basics of Nuclear physics
Basics of Nuclear physicsBasics of Nuclear physics
Basics of Nuclear physics
 
Ch 31 Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
Ch 31 Nuclear Physics and RadioactivityCh 31 Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
Ch 31 Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
 
Nuclear changes
Nuclear changesNuclear changes
Nuclear changes
 
Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,
Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,
Radioactivity + isotopes lect.1,2,
 

Viewers also liked

Probabilistic data structures in real life
Probabilistic data structures in real lifeProbabilistic data structures in real life
Probabilistic data structures in real life
Valentin Bazarevsky
 
Erinaceomorpha
ErinaceomorphaErinaceomorpha
Erinaceomorpha
e_mcgaffney
 
Pinky dinky doo
Pinky dinky doo Pinky dinky doo
Pinky dinky doo karitochoco
 
Christmas in spain
Christmas in spainChristmas in spain
Christmas in spain
JuanmaProfe
 
It’s about time revised
It’s about time revisedIt’s about time revised
It’s about time revisedBrittknee Basch
 
1. Gud er troværdig
1. Gud er troværdig1. Gud er troværdig
1. Gud er troværdig
konfx
 
Typical dishes from spain
Typical dishes from spainTypical dishes from spain
Typical dishes from spainJuanmaProfe
 
140218 seminar feb_revised-syk
140218 seminar feb_revised-syk140218 seminar feb_revised-syk
140218 seminar feb_revised-sykSangyoon Kang
 
Day 7 powerpoint at the bell review
Day 7 powerpoint at the bell reviewDay 7 powerpoint at the bell review
Day 7 powerpoint at the bell reviewBrittknee Basch
 
Flower can tell you a secret in dark
Flower can tell you a secret in darkFlower can tell you a secret in dark
Flower can tell you a secret in darkRAWAN. AbdulElah
 
Science10 h permanentice
Science10 h permanenticeScience10 h permanentice
Science10 h permanentice
e_mcgaffney
 
Nelson
NelsonNelson
Nelson
foolush
 
โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2
โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2
โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2Chutiporn Ap
 
Skolačka
SkolačkaSkolačka
Skolačka
evite
 

Viewers also liked (20)

Probabilistic data structures in real life
Probabilistic data structures in real lifeProbabilistic data structures in real life
Probabilistic data structures in real life
 
Erinaceomorpha
ErinaceomorphaErinaceomorpha
Erinaceomorpha
 
Muazzam_mirza[1]
Muazzam_mirza[1]Muazzam_mirza[1]
Muazzam_mirza[1]
 
Pinky dinky doo
Pinky dinky doo Pinky dinky doo
Pinky dinky doo
 
Christmas in spain
Christmas in spainChristmas in spain
Christmas in spain
 
It’s about time revised
It’s about time revisedIt’s about time revised
It’s about time revised
 
1. Gud er troværdig
1. Gud er troværdig1. Gud er troværdig
1. Gud er troværdig
 
Bulgarian Recipes
Bulgarian RecipesBulgarian Recipes
Bulgarian Recipes
 
Typical dishes from spain
Typical dishes from spainTypical dishes from spain
Typical dishes from spain
 
140218 seminar feb_revised-syk
140218 seminar feb_revised-syk140218 seminar feb_revised-syk
140218 seminar feb_revised-syk
 
Day 7 powerpoint at the bell review
Day 7 powerpoint at the bell reviewDay 7 powerpoint at the bell review
Day 7 powerpoint at the bell review
 
Flower can tell you a secret in dark
Flower can tell you a secret in darkFlower can tell you a secret in dark
Flower can tell you a secret in dark
 
Science10 h permanentice
Science10 h permanenticeScience10 h permanentice
Science10 h permanentice
 
Nelson
NelsonNelson
Nelson
 
โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2
โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2
โครงการตรวจสอบครุภัณฑ์ ปวช.2/2
 
Half life
Half lifeHalf life
Half life
 
Skolačka
SkolačkaSkolačka
Skolačka
 
Total ranks
Total ranksTotal ranks
Total ranks
 
Downloads
DownloadsDownloads
Downloads
 
Klimt
KlimtKlimt
Klimt
 

Similar to 7.2 Half-Life

Kuliah geokimia 6a
Kuliah geokimia 6aKuliah geokimia 6a
Kuliah geokimia 6aArham Bahar
 
Radimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.ppt
Radimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.pptRadimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.ppt
Radimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.ppt
bszool006
 
Carbon Dating 2.pptx
Carbon Dating 2.pptxCarbon Dating 2.pptx
Carbon Dating 2.pptx
sachin k
 
Chapter 16.3: Absolute Age Dating
Chapter 16.3: Absolute Age DatingChapter 16.3: Absolute Age Dating
Chapter 16.3: Absolute Age Dating
Korrnell Academy: L Class Grade 8 Science
 
Group 3: Logarithms (carbon dating)
Group 3: Logarithms  (carbon dating)Group 3: Logarithms  (carbon dating)
Group 3: Logarithms (carbon dating)tohcy
 
Carbon Dating-1.pptx
Carbon Dating-1.pptxCarbon Dating-1.pptx
Carbon Dating-1.pptx
JYOTIPATEL351367
 
Earth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of Time
Earth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of TimeEarth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of Time
Earth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of TimeChris Foltz
 
Geochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branch
Geochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branchGeochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branch
Geochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branch
dirtycrimes888
 
Science 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-LifeScience 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-LifeJenny Lee
 
Science 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-LifeScience 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-LifeJenny Lee
 
Dating fossils and rocks
Dating fossils and rocksDating fossils and rocks
Dating fossils and rocksewaszolek
 
RADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptx
RADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptxRADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptx
RADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptx
DANSTANGISORE1
 
Evidences for an old earth
Evidences for an old earthEvidences for an old earth
Evidences for an old earthRandom Sandi
 
Ppt 12.3 earth
Ppt 12.3 earthPpt 12.3 earth
Ppt 12.3 earthTamara
 
Rdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdf
Rdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdfRdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdf
Rdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdf
moumitaroy58
 
Carbon 14 Dating
Carbon 14 DatingCarbon 14 Dating
Carbon 14 Dating
RAD DAD GONE MAD Doug Hove
 
Absolute Dating.pptx
Absolute Dating.pptxAbsolute Dating.pptx
Absolute Dating.pptx
BinodKumarSahu8
 

Similar to 7.2 Half-Life (20)

Kuliah geokimia 6a
Kuliah geokimia 6aKuliah geokimia 6a
Kuliah geokimia 6a
 
Radimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.ppt
Radimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.pptRadimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.ppt
Radimatric dating112121123121242342134125125.ppt
 
Carbon Dating 2.pptx
Carbon Dating 2.pptxCarbon Dating 2.pptx
Carbon Dating 2.pptx
 
Chapter 16.3: Absolute Age Dating
Chapter 16.3: Absolute Age DatingChapter 16.3: Absolute Age Dating
Chapter 16.3: Absolute Age Dating
 
7.2 & 7.3
7.2 & 7.37.2 & 7.3
7.2 & 7.3
 
Group 3: Logarithms (carbon dating)
Group 3: Logarithms  (carbon dating)Group 3: Logarithms  (carbon dating)
Group 3: Logarithms (carbon dating)
 
Carbon Dating-1.pptx
Carbon Dating-1.pptxCarbon Dating-1.pptx
Carbon Dating-1.pptx
 
Earth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of Time
Earth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of TimeEarth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of Time
Earth Science 3.3 : Absolute Dating: A Measure of Time
 
Geochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branch
Geochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branchGeochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branch
Geochem all Labs. Lab for geochemistry a branch
 
Nearpod science 7.2 and 7.3
Nearpod science 7.2 and 7.3Nearpod science 7.2 and 7.3
Nearpod science 7.2 and 7.3
 
Science 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-LifeScience 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-Life
 
Science 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-LifeScience 7.2-Half-Life
Science 7.2-Half-Life
 
Dating fossils and rocks
Dating fossils and rocksDating fossils and rocks
Dating fossils and rocks
 
RADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptx
RADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptxRADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptx
RADIOACTIVITY TERM 3 2021 POWER POINT NOTES.pptx
 
Evidences for an old earth
Evidences for an old earthEvidences for an old earth
Evidences for an old earth
 
Ppt 12.3 earth
Ppt 12.3 earthPpt 12.3 earth
Ppt 12.3 earth
 
Rdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdf
Rdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdfRdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdf
Rdioactivity -ppt-MR.pdf
 
Carbon 14 Dating
Carbon 14 DatingCarbon 14 Dating
Carbon 14 Dating
 
Radiometric dating
Radiometric datingRadiometric dating
Radiometric dating
 
Absolute Dating.pptx
Absolute Dating.pptxAbsolute Dating.pptx
Absolute Dating.pptx
 

Recently uploaded

1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
JosvitaDsouza2
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Vivekanand Anglo Vedic Academy
 
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
Sandy Millin
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Peter Windle
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Celine George
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
DeeptiGupta154
 
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCECLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
BhavyaRajput3
 
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxSynthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Pavel ( NSTU)
 
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxPalestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
RaedMohamed3
 
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkIntroduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
TechSoup
 
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdfUnit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Thiyagu K
 
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Ashokrao Mane college of Pharmacy Peth-Vadgaon
 
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela TaraOperation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Balvir Singh
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
Jisc
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Jisc
 
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxFrancesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
EduSkills OECD
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
Special education needs
 
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativeEmbracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Peter Windle
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
siemaillard
 
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxHonest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
timhan337
 

Recently uploaded (20)

1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
 
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
 
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCECLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
 
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxSynthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
 
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxPalestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
 
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkIntroduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
 
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdfUnit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
 
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
 
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela TaraOperation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
 
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxFrancesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
 
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativeEmbracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxHonest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
 

7.2 Half-Life

  • 1. 7.2 Half-Life Carbon Dating The Rate of Radioactive Decay Using a Decay Curve Common Isotope Pairs The Potassium-40 Clock
  • 2. Carbon Dating • We can measure the radioactivity in plants or animals and how it has changed • All organisms on the Earth contain carbon • Radiocarbon dating: the process of determining the age of an object by measuring the amount of carbon- 14 remaining. • A living organisms have approximately the same ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 • When an organism dies the carbon-14 atoms decay over time
  • 3. The Rate of Radioactive Decay • The rate of radioactive decay can be compared using a quantity called half-life • Half-life: the time required for half of the radioactive (unstable) material to decay into a more stable material. • The shorter the half-life, the faster the decay • The half-life of strontium-90 is 29 years, if you have 20g of strontium-90 in 29 years you will have 10g
  • 4. Using a Decay Curve • All radioactive decay rates follow a similar pattern called a decay curve • Decay curve: a curved line on a graph that shows the rate at which radioisotopes decay. • The difference between different isotopes is the length of their half-life
  • 5. Common Isotope Pairs • Parent isotope: the isotope that undergoes radioactive decay • Daughter isotope: the stable product of radioactive decay • Each isotope can be used for radiocarbon dating • The dating range is different depending on the half- life of the parent isotope
  • 6. List of Common Isotope Pairs
  • 7. The Potassium-40 Clock • Potassium-40/Argon-40 has a half life of 1.3 billion years (as shown in common isotope pairs list) • Argon-40 is found trapped in molten rocks in the form of a gas as potassium-40 decays • The ratio between the mass of potassium=40 and argon-40 determines the age of the rock – If there are equal masses of potassium-40 and argon-40 the rock is 1.3 billion years old(1 half-life)
  • 8. Questions 1. Give the definition of the following: b. Half-life c. Decay curve d. Radiocarbon dating e. Daughter isotope f. Parent isotope 2. What is the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in a living organism? 3. What happens to the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 when an organism dies? 4. If you have 10g of an element with a half-life of 10 years for much of said element would you have in 20 years 5. What is the daughter isotope of Uranium-238? 6. What is the half-life of potassium-40/argon-40?
  • 9. Answers 1. Definitions b. Half-life: the time required for half of the radioactive (unstable) material to decay into a more stable material. c. Decay curve: a curved line on a graph that shows the rate at which radioisotopes decay. d. Radiocarbon dating: the process of determining the age of an object by measuring the amount of carbon-14 remaining. e. Daughter isotope: the stable product of radioactive decay f. Parent isotope: the isotope that undergoes radioactive decay 2. There is an equal amount of carbon-12 to carbon-14 3. The ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 decreases. There becomes less carbon-14 as it decays 4. 2.5g 5. Lead-206 6. 1.3 billion years