The document introduces a new 5D DVD technology that uses gold nanorods to store data across five dimensions - three spatial dimensions plus wavelength and polarization - allowing over 300 DVDs worth of data to be stored on a single disc. It works by exploiting the tunable light absorption of gold nanorods and their ability to support surface plasmons that can encode multiple layers of data at a single point. This would provide significantly higher storage densities compared to existing optical storage technologies.

1. WELCOME
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2. 2 Presented by
Nikhil eg
tjajeec

3. LIST OF CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES
 CONVENTIONAL OPTICAL STORAGE SCHEMES
 THE CONCEPT OF FIVE DIMENSION
 GOLD NANORODS
 SURFACE PLASMONS
 FIELDS OF APPLICATION
 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
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4. INTRODUCTION
 Scientists have unveiled new DVD technology that stores
data in five dimensions, making it possible to pack more than
300 DVDs onto a single disc.
 Multiplexed optical recording provides an un-paralleled
approach to increasing the information density beyond 1012
bits per cm3
 The major hurdle is the lack of a suitable recording medium
that is extremely selective in the domains of wavelength and 4
polarization

5. CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES
 Optical Recording
 The process of recording signals on a medium through the
use of light, so that the signals may be reproduced at a
subsequent time.
 The introduction of the laser as a light source greatly
improves the quality of reproduced signals
 Optical data storage involves placing information in a
medium so that, when a light beam scans the medium, the
reflected light can be used to recover the information.
 There are many forms of optical storage media like
CD, DVD, Blu Ray Disc etc
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6. EXISTING TECHNOLOGY
 At present there exist so many different medium for
performing optical recording. They are
 1. Floppy Disc
 2. Compact Disc (CD)
 3. Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
 4. Blu Ray Disc
 5. Holographic Versatile Disc
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7. FLOPPY DISC
 A floppy disk is a data storage medium that is composed
of a disk of thin, flexible ("floppy")
 magnetic storage medium sealed in a square or
rectangular plastic carrier lined with fabric that removes
dust particles
 Floppy disks are read and written by a floppy disk drive
or FDD. Invented by the American information
technology company IBM , floppy disks in 8-inch
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8. COMPACT DISC (CD)
 The Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an optical
disc used to store digital data.
 It was originally developed to store and playback sound
recordings exclusively.
 Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 millimetr (4.7 in)
and can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio
(700 MB of data).
 The Mini CD has various diameters ranging from 60 to
80 millimetre (2.4 to 3.1 in); they are sometimes used
for CD singles
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9. DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC (DVD)
 DVD is an optical disc storage media format, invented
and developed by Philips, Sony, Toshiba, and Panasonic
in 1995.
 DVDs offer higher storage capacity than compact discs
while having the same dimensions.
 DVDs are used in DVD-Video consumer digital video
format and in DVD-Audio consumer digital audio
format, as well as for authoring AVCHD discs.
 DVDs containing other types of information may be
referred to as DVD data discs.
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10. BLU RAY DISC
 Blu-ray Disc (official abbreviation BD) is an optical
disc storage medium designed to supersede the DVD
format
 The standard physical medium is a 12 cm plastic optical
disc, the same size as DVDs and CDs. Blu-ray Discs
contain 25 GB per layer
 The name Blu-ray Disc refers to the blue laserused to
read the disc, which allows information to be stored at a
greater density than is possible with the longer-
wavelength red laser used for DVDs.
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11. HOLOGRAPHIC VERSATILE DISC
 The Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) is an optical disc
technology developed between April 2004 and mid-
2008
 that can store up to several terabytes of data on an
optical disc the same size as a CD, DVD or Blu-Ray
disc.
 Standards for 100 GB read-only holographic discs and
200 GB recordable cartridges were published by ECMA
in 2007, but no holographic disc product has appeared in
the market.
 A number of release dates were announced, all since
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passed.

12. CONVENTIONAL OPTICAL
STORAGE SCHEMES
 Two Dimensional Optical Storage
 Three Dimensional Storage
 FOUR DIMENSIONAL STORAGE
 FIVE DIMENSIONAL DVD
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13. TWO DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL STORAGE
 In this technology the data is written in ‘pits’ on the
surface of the disc.
 Examples are CD, DVD and blue ray disc.
 Smaller pits mean that for the same available
area, more data can be stored.
 This depends on how narrow is the laser beam used for
recording as well as reading.
 That is how a DVD holds more than that of a CD and
the storage capacity of a blue ray disc is very much
higher than a DVD.
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14. 2D optical storage
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15. Comparison of beam size
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16. THREE DIMENSIONAL STORAGE
 Three dimensional optical storage includes multi-
layered and holographic storage.
 In the case of multi-layer optical storage the data is held
in multiple layers.
 There will be two or more recording media packed in a
single disc
 Current optical data storage media, such as the CD and
DVD store data as a series of reflective marks on an
internal surface of a disc.
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17. 3D storage (multilayered) 17

18. Holographic storage
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19. FOUR DIMENSIONAL STORAGE
 Along with the three dimensions mentioned above, the
four dimensional storage makes use of an additional
dimension, colour dimension.
 This techno-logy is not implemented commercially.
 Laser beams of different colours are used to encode data.
 Individual bits can have different colours of encoding
schemes
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20. FIVE DIMENSIONAL DVD
 The new optical disc format - known as 5D DVD - is
developed by researchers at Melbourne Australia's
Swinburne University of Technology.
 Along with the data storage techniques used by
traditional optical disc formats, 5D DVD uses gold
nanorods to record information using different
wavelengths on the same location on the disc.
 It also uses polorisation to record layers of data on top of
each other
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21. THE CONCEPT OF FIVE DIMENSION
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22. Response of gold nanorods to coloured light
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23. READING PROCESS
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24. FIVE DIMENSIONAL RECORDING AND READOUT
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25. GOLD NANORODS
•Metalic Nanorods of gold and silver exhibits same optical
properties. The researchers preferred gold nanorod
because of theirstability.
•The 5-D DVD makes use of nanorods of widths ranging
between 17 and 20 nm and lengths ranging from 40 to 100
nm
•The unique optical property of goldnanorod is thatit
exhibit tunable absorption as a function of their aspect
ratio.
•The optical extinction of gold nanorods is also influenced
by their orientation with respect to the light,or,more
exactly,their orientation with respect to the electric field
vector e of the light 25

26. GOLD NANORODS
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Tunable absorption by gold nanorod

27. SURFACE PLASMONS
 A surface plasmon is an electromagnetic surface wave
which propagates in metals with negative real
component of their permittivity.
 Surface waves can exist free of illuminating field – i.e.
plasmons are true surface waves.
 In some cases, SPs can travel distaces much longer than
the skin depth of the metal (~ 100 mm’s) surface
plasmons are highly localized – at sharp corners and
discontinuities, charge accuulation results in high field
intensities.
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Surface Plasmon on metallic surfaces

29. FIELDS OF APPLICATION
 Medical Field
 Military and Security Arenas
 Entertainment sector
 Space research
 Financial Sector
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30. ADVANTAGES
 Large storage capacity
 Light and Compact
 Data security
 Compatible with existing technology
 Can be manufactured on a large scale
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31. DISADVANTAGES
 Slow writing speed
 Impracticality of using Titanium Sapphire
Femtosecond Laser
 Re-writability
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32. CONCLUSION
 Instead of the current three dimensional optical storage
technologies,
 five dimensional DVD exploits the colour and
polarization of light as two additional dimensions along
with the three spatial dimensions.
 These multiple variables mean that the same volume of
space can hold multiple bits in multiple ways, the
researchers explain.
 For instance, a space that responds to three different
colors and two different polarizations can hold six bits.
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