INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM
Operating System
Operating System Objectives
Layers of Computer Systems
Services Provided by the Operating System
Functions of Operating Systems
Types of Operating Systems
Enhancing an OS
Operating System Objectives
Layers of Computer System
Services Provided by the Operating System
Services Provided by the Operating System
Functions of Operating Systems
Providing a User Interface
Managing Hardware
Organizing Files and Folders
Types of Operating Systems
INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM
Operating System
Operating System Objectives
Layers of Computer Systems
Services Provided by the Operating System
Functions of Operating Systems
Types of Operating Systems
Enhancing an OS
Operating System Objectives
Layers of Computer System
Services Provided by the Operating System
Services Provided by the Operating System
Functions of Operating Systems
Providing a User Interface
Managing Hardware
Organizing Files and Folders
Types of Operating Systems
Introduction to Information Technology- Operating systemTrinity Dwarka
Department of computer application- Introduction to Information Technology- Operating system
Operating System
Operating System Objectives
Layers of Computer Systems
Services Provided by the Operating System
Functions of Operating Systems
Types of Operating Systems
Enhancing an OS
A program that controls the execution of application programs
An interface between applications and hardware
Layers of Computer System
Services Provided by the Operating System
Program development
Editors and debuggers
Program execution
Access to I/O devices
Controlled access to files
System access
Operating System - Types Of Operating System Unit-1abhinav baba
In This Slide There is Operating System And it's types ( Types of operating system)
Batch Operating System
Network Operating System
Time Sharing Operating System
Real Time Operating System
Distributed Operating System
This presentation gives a brief introduction on the following topics:
Definition
Objectives of Operating System
Structure of Operating System
Need for Operating Systems
OS Components and Functions
OS Services
Types of Operating Systems
Examples of Operating Systems
Introduction to Information Technology- Operating systemTrinity Dwarka
Department of computer application- Introduction to Information Technology- Operating system
Operating System
Operating System Objectives
Layers of Computer Systems
Services Provided by the Operating System
Functions of Operating Systems
Types of Operating Systems
Enhancing an OS
A program that controls the execution of application programs
An interface between applications and hardware
Layers of Computer System
Services Provided by the Operating System
Program development
Editors and debuggers
Program execution
Access to I/O devices
Controlled access to files
System access
Operating System - Types Of Operating System Unit-1abhinav baba
In This Slide There is Operating System And it's types ( Types of operating system)
Batch Operating System
Network Operating System
Time Sharing Operating System
Real Time Operating System
Distributed Operating System
This presentation gives a brief introduction on the following topics:
Definition
Objectives of Operating System
Structure of Operating System
Need for Operating Systems
OS Components and Functions
OS Services
Types of Operating Systems
Examples of Operating Systems
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in this slide.. it will show you. how many types of operating system, types of operating system,part of operating syatem. computer OS, Mobile Operating System, Smartphone Operating Systems Concepts
Functions of Operating Systems:
Types of Operating Systems:
Real-Time Operating Systems
Single-User/Single-Tasking Operating Systems
Single-User/Multitasking Operating Systems
Multi-User/Multitasking Operating Systems
User Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Command-Line Interface
Running Programs
Managing Hardware
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2. Operating System Basics
• Operating System
• Operating System Objectives
• Layers of Computer Systems
• Services Provided by the Operating
System
• Functions of Operating Systems
• Types of Operating Systems
• Enhancing an OS
3. Operating System
• A program that controls the execution of
application programs
• An interface between applications and
hardware
4. Operating System Objectives
• Convenience
– Makes the computer more convenient to
use
• Efficiency
– Allows computer system resources to be
used in an efficient manner
• Ability to evolve
– Permit effective development, testing, and
introduction of new system functions
without interfering with service
6. Services Provided by
the Operating System
• Program development
– Editors and debuggers
• Program execution
• Access to I/O devices
• Controlled access to files
• System access
7. Services Provided by
the Operating System
• Error detection and response
– internal and external hardware errors
• memory error
• device failure
– software errors
• arithmetic overflow
• access forbidden memory locations
– operating system cannot grant request of
application
8. Services Provided by
the Operating System
• Accounting
– collect statistics
– monitor performance
– used to anticipate future enhancements
– used for billing users
10. Functions of Operating Systems
• Provide a user interface
• Run programs
• Manage hardware devices
• Organized file storage
11. Providing a User Interface
• User interface
– How a user interacts with a computer
– Require different skill sets
12. Providing a User Interface
• Graphical user interface (GUI)
– Most common interface
• Windows, OS X, Gnome, KDE
– Uses a mouse to control objects
– Uses a desktop metaphor
– Shortcuts open programs or documents
– Open documents have additional objects
– Task switching
– Dialog boxes allow directed input
14. Providing a User Interface
• Command line interfaces
– Older interface
• DOS, Linux, UNIX
– User types commands at a prompt
– User must remember all commands
– Included in all GUIs
16. Running Programs
• Many different applications supported
• System call
– Provides consistent access to OS features
• Share information between programs
– Copy and paste
– Object Linking and Embedding
17. Managing Hardware
• Programs need to access hardware
• Interrupts
– CPU is stopped
– Hardware device is accessed
• Device drivers control the hardware
18. Organizing Files and Folders
• Organized storage
• Long file names
• Folders can be created and nested
• All storage devices work consistently
19. Types of Operating Systems
• Real-time operating system
– Very fast small OS
– Built into a device
– Respond quickly to user input
– MP3 players, Medical devices
20. Types of Operating Systems
• Single user/Single tasking OS
– One user works on the system
– Performs one task at a time
– MS-DOS and Palm OS
– Take up little space on disk
– Run on inexpensive computers
21. Single Tasking
• Operating System cannot be able to take
control back from the running
process/task/application
• In case if a process call an I/O Instruction then
Processor must wait for I/O instruction to
complete before preceding
22. Types of Operating Systems
• Single user/Multitasking OS
– User performs many tasks at once
– Most common form of OS
– Windows XP and OS X
– Require expensive computers
– Tend to be complex
23. Multitasking
• Operating System can take control back from
the running process and can give it to other.
• When one job needs to wait for I/O, the
processor can switch to the other job
24. Types of Operating Systems
• Multi user/Multitasking OS
– Many users connect to one computer
– Each user has a unique session
– UNIX, Linux, and VMS
– Maintenance can be easy
– Requires a powerful computer
26. Enhancing an OS
• Utilities
– Provide services not included with OS
– Goes beyond the four functions
– Firewall, anti-virus and compression
– Prices vary
27. Enhancing an OS
• Backup software
– Archives files onto removable media
– Ensures data integrity
– Most OS include a backup package
– Many third party packages exist
29. Enhancing an OS
• Anti-virus software
– Crucial utility
– Finds, blocks and removes viruses
– Must be updated regularly
– McAfee and Norton Anti-Virus
30. Enhancing an OS
• Firewall
– Crucial utility
– Protects your computer from intruders
– Makes computer invisible to hackers
– Zone Labs is a home firewall
– Cisco sells hardware firewalls
31. Enhancing an OS
• Intrusion detection
– Often part of a firewall package
– Announces attempts to breach security
– Snort is a Linux based package
32. Enhancing an OS
• Screen savers
– Crucial utility for command line systems
• Prevents burn in
– Merely fun for GUI systems
– Screen saver decorates idle screens
Teaching Tip
File and folder storage is covered in chapter 6.
Insider information
The first commercial GUI was the Xerox Star.
Teaching Tip
There are several types of dialog boxes. Any errors are displayed in a dialog box. This box is system modal - it requires a response before returning to the OS. Save and print boxes are application modal - The box must be dealt with before returning to the application. However, other OS tasks can be performed.
Teaching tip
Demonstrate the command line interface in Windows by running cmd. In the command line interface use ping and ipconfig as commands that cannot be run in the GUI.
Teaching tip
Most students have never encountered a link. I use MS Excel and MS Word to link. Create and save a simple spreadsheet in Excel. Copy the spreadsheet to the clipboard. Open MS Word and paste-link the spreadsheet. Save the MS Word document. Then change and save the spreadsheet in Excel. The word document is automatically updated.
Discussion point
The mouse uses an interrupt. Many users will move the mouse while waiting for the CPU to finish a task. What does moving the mouse do to the current process?
Teaching tip
Discuss what can happen when the wrong driver is installed on a computer.
Teaching tip
It is true that multi-tasking operating systems are complex. However both XP and OS X make the multitasking process painless for the user.
Teaching tip
Multi-user Multitasking OS's are found on supercomputers, mainframes and minicomputers. Through Linux, a PC can also support user sessions and terminal connections.
Discussion point
With Windows XP and SP2, Microsoft has included a firewall and pop-up blocker both typically considered utility software. In the near future, the core services provided by an OS may include security features.
Teaching tip
Windows XP includes a firewall. Service pack 2 will turn this firewall on by default. To test your computer’s security visit www.grc.com and run the various Shields Up! tests