Operating system 01 introduction
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Every computer depends on an operating system to: Keep hardware running efficiently Maintains file system Supports multitasking Manages virtual memory
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operating system
The document provides information about operating systems including:
1. It defines an operating system as a program that manages computer hardware and software resources and acts as an interface between users and applications.
2. It describes the layers of an operating system including the kernel, system libraries, shell/commands, and user applications/GUIs.
3. It discusses the history of operating systems from early batch processing systems to modern single-user and multi-user systems with graphical interfaces.
Lecture 1 introduction to Operating System
The document provides an introduction to operating systems. It defines an operating system as a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware, executing user programs, making the computer convenient to use, and using hardware efficiently. It describes the four main components of a computer system as hardware, operating system, application programs, and users. It also explains that the operating system is a resource allocator and control program that manages resources and controls program execution to prevent errors.
Operating system
The document discusses operating systems, providing definitions and examples. It notes that an operating system manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services for programs, and is required for applications to function. Popular modern operating systems include Android, BSD, iOS, Linux, OS X, QNX, Microsoft Windows, Windows Phone, and IBM z/OS. The document then gives a brief history of several operating systems, including GM-NAA I/O, Unix, MS-DOS, Mac OS, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, IOS, Android, Windows 7, and Windows 8. It concludes by describing some key components and features of operating systems, such as the kernel, program execution, modes, device drivers
operating system structure
The document discusses key components and concepts related to operating system structures. It describes common system components like process management, memory management, file management, I/O management, and more. It then provides more details on specific topics like the role of processes, main memory management, file systems, I/O systems, secondary storage, networking, protection systems, and command interpreters in operating systems. Finally, it discusses operating system services, system calls, and how parameters are passed between programs and the operating system.
Operating system presentation
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. All computer programs, excluding firmware
Function of Operating system
System is a collection of programs which control the overall functions of which control the overall functions of computer.
An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user of a computer and the computer hardware. The purpose of operating system is to provide an environment in which a user can execute programs in a efficient manner. Operating system also acts as a platform on which various application programs such as word processor and excel are executed.
Operating system ppt
The document discusses operating systems, providing an introduction, history, definition, types, features, functions, advantages, and disadvantages. It explains that an operating system manages computer resources and enables interaction between hardware, software, and users. Early systems were batch processing oriented but now support multi-tasking, parallel processing, and time-sharing between users. Operating systems provide services like memory management, processor scheduling, and I/O control while hiding low-level details from users and applications.
introduction To Operating System
The document discusses operating system concepts including process management, storage management, and virtual memory. It defines an operating system as software that manages hardware and other software. It describes key OS components like the memory manager, processor manager, and file manager. It also covers OS functions like resource allocation, program execution, I/O operations, and error detection. Process management involves scheduling processes in different states like ready, running, waiting. Virtual memory uses paging to store processes across main memory and disk.
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operating system
The document provides information about operating systems including:
1. It defines an operating system as a program that manages computer hardware and software resources and acts as an interface between users and applications.
2. It describes the layers of an operating system including the kernel, system libraries, shell/commands, and user applications/GUIs.
3. It discusses the history of operating systems from early batch processing systems to modern single-user and multi-user systems with graphical interfaces.
Lecture 1 introduction to Operating System
The document provides an introduction to operating systems. It defines an operating system as a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware, executing user programs, making the computer convenient to use, and using hardware efficiently. It describes the four main components of a computer system as hardware, operating system, application programs, and users. It also explains that the operating system is a resource allocator and control program that manages resources and controls program execution to prevent errors.
Operating system
The document discusses operating systems, providing definitions and examples. It notes that an operating system manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services for programs, and is required for applications to function. Popular modern operating systems include Android, BSD, iOS, Linux, OS X, QNX, Microsoft Windows, Windows Phone, and IBM z/OS. The document then gives a brief history of several operating systems, including GM-NAA I/O, Unix, MS-DOS, Mac OS, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, IOS, Android, Windows 7, and Windows 8. It concludes by describing some key components and features of operating systems, such as the kernel, program execution, modes, device drivers
operating system structure
The document discusses key components and concepts related to operating system structures. It describes common system components like process management, memory management, file management, I/O management, and more. It then provides more details on specific topics like the role of processes, main memory management, file systems, I/O systems, secondary storage, networking, protection systems, and command interpreters in operating systems. Finally, it discusses operating system services, system calls, and how parameters are passed between programs and the operating system.
Operating system presentation
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. All computer programs, excluding firmware
Function of Operating system
System is a collection of programs which control the overall functions of which control the overall functions of computer.
An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user of a computer and the computer hardware. The purpose of operating system is to provide an environment in which a user can execute programs in a efficient manner. Operating system also acts as a platform on which various application programs such as word processor and excel are executed.
Operating system ppt
The document discusses operating systems, providing an introduction, history, definition, types, features, functions, advantages, and disadvantages. It explains that an operating system manages computer resources and enables interaction between hardware, software, and users. Early systems were batch processing oriented but now support multi-tasking, parallel processing, and time-sharing between users. Operating systems provide services like memory management, processor scheduling, and I/O control while hiding low-level details from users and applications.
introduction To Operating System
The document discusses operating system concepts including process management, storage management, and virtual memory. It defines an operating system as software that manages hardware and other software. It describes key OS components like the memory manager, processor manager, and file manager. It also covers OS functions like resource allocation, program execution, I/O operations, and error detection. Process management involves scheduling processes in different states like ready, running, waiting. Virtual memory uses paging to store processes across main memory and disk.
Introduction to Operating system
The first operating system was created in 1956 to run a single IBM mainframe computer. Operating systems in the 1950s were called batch processing systems because data was submitted in groups. An operating system manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services for programs, and ties all operating system components together. There are several types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems. A user interface like a graphical user interface (GUI) or command line interface (CLI) allows users to interact with the operating system.
Functions of OS Computer Application in Business
The document outlines 9 key functions of an operating system:
1. Device management which determines which applications run and for how long.
2. User interface which allows users to access and command the computer through either text-based or graphical interfaces.
3. Memory management which allocates memory to different jobs.
4. Process management which determines which jobs will execute first using scheduling algorithms.
5. File management which stores and manages files for creation, editing, and deletion across storage devices.
6. Job scheduling which establishes priority systems and mechanisms to control work order.
7. Interpreter which interprets system commands and instructions.
8. Security which provides protection of files from unauthorized access.
9.
Operating systems1[1]
An operating system acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware. It provides an environment for users to run programs efficiently and conveniently by managing resources like the CPU, memory, storage, and I/O devices. Operating systems exist to make computing usable by allocating resources fairly between programs and users. Common types include batch, time-sharing, and real-time operating systems.
chapter 1 introduction to operating system
The document provides an overview of operating systems, including their definition, functions, types, and architectures. It can be summarized as follows:
1. An operating system is software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware.
2. The main functions of an operating system include managing system resources like memory and files, providing a user interface, running applications, and supporting utility programs.
3. Operating systems can be categorized as monolithic, layered, microkernel, networked, or distributed based on their internal organization and architecture.
4. Operating system architectures include single processor systems, multi-processor systems, and clustered systems.
Operating System BCA 301
This document provides an introduction to operating systems. It defines an operating system as a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware. The key components of a computer system are described as hardware, operating system, application programs, and users. Operating systems manage resources, control programs, and provide common services like memory management, process management, and I/O management. Various computing environments are explored, including traditional systems, mobile systems, distributed systems, client-server models, and virtualization.
Operating system alif
This document provides an overview of operating systems. It defines an operating system as software that enables computer programs to work by organizing hardware resources and providing common services. The document then discusses the basic functions of an OS in controlling memory, prioritizing tasks, managing devices and files. It describes the layers of an OS including the hardware, software, system programs and application programs. Finally, it discusses the history of early OS and different types of OS like single-user and multi-user systems, providing examples like Windows, Linux, and Unix.
Unit 1 introduction to Operating System
The document provides an introduction to operating systems. It discusses what operating systems do, including acting as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware. It covers operating system structure, including multiprogramming and timesharing to improve efficiency. It also discusses key operating system operations like process management, memory management, storage management, protection and security. It provides examples of different computing environments that operating systems support, such as client-server, peer-to-peer, and web-based computing.
ITFT_Introduction to Operating system
An operating system acts as an interface between computer hardware and users, managing system resources like memory, processors, and file storage. It provides a user-friendly environment for developing and running programs while hiding hardware complexity. Early operating systems emerged in the 1940s alongside the first computers, which were enormous machines using vacuum tubes. As technology advanced, operating systems evolved to support multiprocessor systems, networks, and other new hardware configurations.
Modern operating system.......
The document discusses different types of operating systems. It explains that an operating system manages hardware and software resources on a device and provides a consistent interface for applications. Not all devices need complex operating systems; simple devices like microwaves run single hardcoded programs. However, most computers use general purpose operating systems that can be adapted for different hardware over time. The document outlines several categories of operating systems including those for desktops, real-time applications, single-user vs. multi-user, and networking.
Operating system overview concepts ppt
The document discusses operating systems and real-time operating systems. It defines an operating system as software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for programs. It then describes the main functions of an operating system including managing resources and devices, running applications, and providing a user interface. The document also discusses different types of operating systems including single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multi-tasking, and multi-user/multi-tasking. It defines a real-time operating system as one intended for real-time applications that has advanced scheduling algorithms to ensure deterministic timing behavior.
Functions Of Operating System
The operating system is system software that monitors, controls, and maintains the overall functions of the computer. It performs key functions such as process management, resource management, file management, communication management, security management, and memory management. Process management involves starting and stopping processes from boot up to shutdown. Resource management installs drivers and coordinates peripherals. File management handles file naming, organization, location, and attributes. Communication management facilitates interaction between users, applications, and hardware both internally and between networked computers. Security management provides virus protection, passwords, firewalls, and access controls.
Operating System- Services,types.Batch files and DOS history
The document discusses operating systems and provides definitions and examples of different types of operating systems, including batch, time-sharing, distributed, network, and real-time operating systems. It also covers file systems, DOS commands, batch files, and the history of DOS. The key points covered include definitions of an operating system and its main functions, examples of popular operating systems like Linux and Windows, and characteristics of different types of operating systems.
Operating Systems 1 (12/12) - Summary
This document provides a summary of the history of operating systems from the earliest mechanical computers in the 1800s to modern desktop and server operating systems. It discusses the first programmable computers like the Analytical Engine and Z3 and the development of stored program architectures. It then covers the evolution of batch processing systems and time-sharing to allow for interactive use. Key developments discussed include the IBM 1401, CTSS, Multics, Unix, and early versions of Windows. The document also provides an overview of basic hardware concepts like SMP, multi-core processors, and parallelism that operating systems must account for.
Operating system
This document discusses operating systems, including their definition, functions, types, and examples. It defines an operating system as software that enables computer programs to run by managing hardware resources. The key functions of an operating system are controlling memory allocation, prioritizing tasks, managing input/output, facilitating networking, and handling file systems. Operating systems are classified as single-user, multi-user, batch processing, real-time, or time-sharing depending on how users interact with the system. Common examples provided are Windows, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OS.
Operating System PPT
Operating System is a collection of programs that handle many of technical details Related to using a computer. In many ways ,an operating system is most important type of computer program. Without it your computer would be useless.
Definition:-Operating system are program that manages resources, provide user interface, and run applications.
Functions Of Operating System
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Operating system Chapter One
The document provides an introduction to operating systems, including definitions, components, and roles. It discusses the four main components of a computer system, and the roles of an operating system from both the user and system viewpoints. It also summarizes the storage device hierarchy, including main memory and secondary storage. Finally, it outlines some key functions of operating systems, such as process management, memory management, storage management, file system management, mass storage management, I/O systems, and more.
Introduction to operating system
The operating system (OS) acts as an interface between the user and computer hardware, managing requests to hardware resources. It aims to make the computer convenient and efficient to use while providing an environment for users to execute programs. Key OS functions include memory management, process management, device management, information management, protection, and error handling. The OS tracks memory usage, processor status, devices, information storage and access, security, and errors. It determines how to efficiently allocate resources.
Operating system Tutorial.
What is operating system? Operating System and Its Function. Advantages and Disadvantages of Major OS’s. History of GNU/Linux. Features of Linux OS. The Indianized version of GNU/Linux OS: BOSS (Bharat Operating System Solutions). Directory Structure of Linux OS and Windows OS.
Introduction to Operating System
The document provides an overview of operating systems with the following key points:
1) An operating system manages computer hardware and software resources, allocating memory, CPU time, disk space, and handling input/output devices. It provides a default interface between applications and the user.
2) Operating systems aim to make computers more convenient to use, efficiently allocate resources, and allow new functions to be introduced without disrupting existing services.
3) Services provided by operating systems include program development, execution and debugging, access to input/output devices, controlled file access, system access, error detection and response, and accounting.
4) Operating systems consist of components like the user interface, kernel, memory management
Operating system basics function of os unit 1 by ram k paliwal part 1
The document discusses the basics of operating systems and computer systems. It defines an operating system as a program that manages a computer's hardware and acts as an intermediary between the user and computer. A computer system consists of hardware components like the CPU and memory, an operating system, application programs, and users. The operating system controls hardware usage and coordinates application programs for users. It describes functions of the operating system like memory management, device management, processor management, file management, and security.
Chapter one_oS.ppt
The document provides an overview of operating systems and system software. It discusses what system software is, the need for system software, types of system software including operating systems, device drivers, firmware, programming language translators, and utility software. It defines operating systems and describes their design goals. It also outlines the four main components of a computer system - hardware, operating system, application programs, and users. Finally, it discusses the key components of an operating system including process management, I/O device management, file management, memory management, and security management.
1. Unit 1_Introduction to OS.pptx
This document outlines the structure and content of a course on operating system principles. It is divided into 5 units that cover topics like process management, memory management, distributed systems, and synchronization. The introduction defines key parts of a computer system like the operating system, hardware, and users. It describes the role of the operating system in allocating resources and controlling devices and programs. Examples are given of popular desktop, mobile, and server operating systems.
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Introduction to Operating system
The first operating system was created in 1956 to run a single IBM mainframe computer. Operating systems in the 1950s were called batch processing systems because data was submitted in groups. An operating system manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services for programs, and ties all operating system components together. There are several types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems. A user interface like a graphical user interface (GUI) or command line interface (CLI) allows users to interact with the operating system.
Functions of OS Computer Application in Business
The document outlines 9 key functions of an operating system:
1. Device management which determines which applications run and for how long.
2. User interface which allows users to access and command the computer through either text-based or graphical interfaces.
3. Memory management which allocates memory to different jobs.
4. Process management which determines which jobs will execute first using scheduling algorithms.
5. File management which stores and manages files for creation, editing, and deletion across storage devices.
6. Job scheduling which establishes priority systems and mechanisms to control work order.
7. Interpreter which interprets system commands and instructions.
8. Security which provides protection of files from unauthorized access.
9.
Operating systems1[1]
An operating system acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware. It provides an environment for users to run programs efficiently and conveniently by managing resources like the CPU, memory, storage, and I/O devices. Operating systems exist to make computing usable by allocating resources fairly between programs and users. Common types include batch, time-sharing, and real-time operating systems.
chapter 1 introduction to operating system
The document provides an overview of operating systems, including their definition, functions, types, and architectures. It can be summarized as follows:
1. An operating system is software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware.
2. The main functions of an operating system include managing system resources like memory and files, providing a user interface, running applications, and supporting utility programs.
3. Operating systems can be categorized as monolithic, layered, microkernel, networked, or distributed based on their internal organization and architecture.
4. Operating system architectures include single processor systems, multi-processor systems, and clustered systems.
Operating System BCA 301
This document provides an introduction to operating systems. It defines an operating system as a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware. The key components of a computer system are described as hardware, operating system, application programs, and users. Operating systems manage resources, control programs, and provide common services like memory management, process management, and I/O management. Various computing environments are explored, including traditional systems, mobile systems, distributed systems, client-server models, and virtualization.
Operating system alif
This document provides an overview of operating systems. It defines an operating system as software that enables computer programs to work by organizing hardware resources and providing common services. The document then discusses the basic functions of an OS in controlling memory, prioritizing tasks, managing devices and files. It describes the layers of an OS including the hardware, software, system programs and application programs. Finally, it discusses the history of early OS and different types of OS like single-user and multi-user systems, providing examples like Windows, Linux, and Unix.
Unit 1 introduction to Operating System
The document provides an introduction to operating systems. It discusses what operating systems do, including acting as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware. It covers operating system structure, including multiprogramming and timesharing to improve efficiency. It also discusses key operating system operations like process management, memory management, storage management, protection and security. It provides examples of different computing environments that operating systems support, such as client-server, peer-to-peer, and web-based computing.
ITFT_Introduction to Operating system
An operating system acts as an interface between computer hardware and users, managing system resources like memory, processors, and file storage. It provides a user-friendly environment for developing and running programs while hiding hardware complexity. Early operating systems emerged in the 1940s alongside the first computers, which were enormous machines using vacuum tubes. As technology advanced, operating systems evolved to support multiprocessor systems, networks, and other new hardware configurations.
Modern operating system.......
The document discusses different types of operating systems. It explains that an operating system manages hardware and software resources on a device and provides a consistent interface for applications. Not all devices need complex operating systems; simple devices like microwaves run single hardcoded programs. However, most computers use general purpose operating systems that can be adapted for different hardware over time. The document outlines several categories of operating systems including those for desktops, real-time applications, single-user vs. multi-user, and networking.
Operating system overview concepts ppt
The document discusses operating systems and real-time operating systems. It defines an operating system as software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for programs. It then describes the main functions of an operating system including managing resources and devices, running applications, and providing a user interface. The document also discusses different types of operating systems including single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multi-tasking, and multi-user/multi-tasking. It defines a real-time operating system as one intended for real-time applications that has advanced scheduling algorithms to ensure deterministic timing behavior.
Functions Of Operating System
The operating system is system software that monitors, controls, and maintains the overall functions of the computer. It performs key functions such as process management, resource management, file management, communication management, security management, and memory management. Process management involves starting and stopping processes from boot up to shutdown. Resource management installs drivers and coordinates peripherals. File management handles file naming, organization, location, and attributes. Communication management facilitates interaction between users, applications, and hardware both internally and between networked computers. Security management provides virus protection, passwords, firewalls, and access controls.
Operating System- Services,types.Batch files and DOS history
The document discusses operating systems and provides definitions and examples of different types of operating systems, including batch, time-sharing, distributed, network, and real-time operating systems. It also covers file systems, DOS commands, batch files, and the history of DOS. The key points covered include definitions of an operating system and its main functions, examples of popular operating systems like Linux and Windows, and characteristics of different types of operating systems.
Operating Systems 1 (12/12) - Summary
This document provides a summary of the history of operating systems from the earliest mechanical computers in the 1800s to modern desktop and server operating systems. It discusses the first programmable computers like the Analytical Engine and Z3 and the development of stored program architectures. It then covers the evolution of batch processing systems and time-sharing to allow for interactive use. Key developments discussed include the IBM 1401, CTSS, Multics, Unix, and early versions of Windows. The document also provides an overview of basic hardware concepts like SMP, multi-core processors, and parallelism that operating systems must account for.
Operating system
This document discusses operating systems, including their definition, functions, types, and examples. It defines an operating system as software that enables computer programs to run by managing hardware resources. The key functions of an operating system are controlling memory allocation, prioritizing tasks, managing input/output, facilitating networking, and handling file systems. Operating systems are classified as single-user, multi-user, batch processing, real-time, or time-sharing depending on how users interact with the system. Common examples provided are Windows, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OS.
Operating System PPT
Operating System is a collection of programs that handle many of technical details Related to using a computer. In many ways ,an operating system is most important type of computer program. Without it your computer would be useless.
Definition:-Operating system are program that manages resources, provide user interface, and run applications.
Functions Of Operating System
Features Of Operating Systems
Advantages of Linux
Operating system Chapter One
The document provides an introduction to operating systems, including definitions, components, and roles. It discusses the four main components of a computer system, and the roles of an operating system from both the user and system viewpoints. It also summarizes the storage device hierarchy, including main memory and secondary storage. Finally, it outlines some key functions of operating systems, such as process management, memory management, storage management, file system management, mass storage management, I/O systems, and more.
Introduction to operating system
The operating system (OS) acts as an interface between the user and computer hardware, managing requests to hardware resources. It aims to make the computer convenient and efficient to use while providing an environment for users to execute programs. Key OS functions include memory management, process management, device management, information management, protection, and error handling. The OS tracks memory usage, processor status, devices, information storage and access, security, and errors. It determines how to efficiently allocate resources.
Operating system Tutorial.
What is operating system? Operating System and Its Function. Advantages and Disadvantages of Major OS’s. History of GNU/Linux. Features of Linux OS. The Indianized version of GNU/Linux OS: BOSS (Bharat Operating System Solutions). Directory Structure of Linux OS and Windows OS.
Introduction to Operating System
The document provides an overview of operating systems with the following key points:
1) An operating system manages computer hardware and software resources, allocating memory, CPU time, disk space, and handling input/output devices. It provides a default interface between applications and the user.
2) Operating systems aim to make computers more convenient to use, efficiently allocate resources, and allow new functions to be introduced without disrupting existing services.
3) Services provided by operating systems include program development, execution and debugging, access to input/output devices, controlled file access, system access, error detection and response, and accounting.
4) Operating systems consist of components like the user interface, kernel, memory management
Operating system basics function of os unit 1 by ram k paliwal part 1
The document discusses the basics of operating systems and computer systems. It defines an operating system as a program that manages a computer's hardware and acts as an intermediary between the user and computer. A computer system consists of hardware components like the CPU and memory, an operating system, application programs, and users. The operating system controls hardware usage and coordinates application programs for users. It describes functions of the operating system like memory management, device management, processor management, file management, and security.
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Operating System- Services,types.Batch files and DOS history
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Operating system basics function of os unit 1 by ram k paliwal part 1
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The document provides an overview of operating systems and system software. It discusses what system software is, the need for system software, types of system software including operating systems, device drivers, firmware, programming language translators, and utility software. It defines operating systems and describes their design goals. It also outlines the four main components of a computer system - hardware, operating system, application programs, and users. Finally, it discusses the key components of an operating system including process management, I/O device management, file management, memory management, and security management.
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This document outlines the structure and content of a course on operating system principles. It is divided into 5 units that cover topics like process management, memory management, distributed systems, and synchronization. The introduction defines key parts of a computer system like the operating system, hardware, and users. It describes the role of the operating system in allocating resources and controlling devices and programs. Examples are given of popular desktop, mobile, and server operating systems.
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The document provides an overview of operating systems, including definitions, functions, and evolution. Some key points:
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- Modern OS must balance individual usability, resource utilization, and response time depending on the system type (personal computer, mainframe, network, etc
Os concepts
The document provides an overview of operating systems. It begins with definitions of an operating system and its roles in providing resources to users and applications and coordinating access to resources. It then discusses operating system concepts like process management, memory management, file management, I/O management, and protection systems. It outlines the evolution of operating systems from early batch systems to modern networked and distributed systems. It also discusses different operating system structures like kernel-based approaches, layered approaches, and virtual machine approaches.
platform-technologies_compress.pdf
A platform is the basic hardware and software that allows other applications and technologies to be developed on top of it. There are many types of platforms including operating systems, computing platforms, database platforms, storage platforms, application platforms, mobile platforms, and web platforms. An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services. It performs functions like process management, memory management, file management, device management, I/O management, and security. Popular operating systems currently include Windows, Android, iOS, Mac OS, and Linux.
Operating Systems
Functions of Operating Systems:
Types of Operating Systems:
Real-Time Operating Systems
Single-User/Single-Tasking Operating Systems
Single-User/Multitasking Operating Systems
Multi-User/Multitasking Operating Systems
User Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Command-Line Interface
Running Programs
Managing Hardware
Uc14 chap05
The document discusses system software, including operating systems and utility programs. It begins by explaining the differences between system software and application software. It then describes the functions of operating systems such as interfacing with users, booting the computer, configuring devices, managing resources and jobs, file management, security, and increasing efficiency through techniques like multitasking. Popular desktop operating systems like Windows, Mac OS, Linux, and mobile operating systems are also outlined. The document concludes by describing the roles of various utility programs that perform tasks like file management, searching, and disk management.
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The document discusses system software, including operating systems and utility programs. It describes the functions of operating systems such as interfacing with users, booting computers, managing devices and resources, and providing security. Popular operating systems mentioned include Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android, and iOS. Utility programs are also discussed, including file management programs, backup and restore utilities, disk management, and search tools.
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Information and network security 47 authentication applications
Kerberos provides a centralized authentication server whose function is to authenticate users to servers and servers to users. In Kerberos Authentication server and database is used for client authentication. Kerberos runs as a third-party trusted server known as the Key Distribution Center (KDC).
Information and network security 46 digital signature algorithm
The Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) is a Federal Information Processing Standard for digital signatures, based on the mathematical concept of modular exponentiation and the discrete logarithm problem. DSA is a variant of the Schnorr and ElGamal signature schemes
Information and network security 45 digital signature standard
The Digital Signature Standard is a Federal Information Processing Standard specifying a suite of algorithms that can be used to generate digital signatures established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology in 1994
Information and network security 44 direct digital signatures
The Direct Digital Signature is only include two parties one to send message and other one to receive it. According to direct digital signature both parties trust each other and knows there public key. The message are prone to get corrupted and the sender can declines about the message sent by him any time
Information and network security 43 digital signatures
Digital signatures are the public-key primitives of message authentication. In the physical world, it is common to use handwritten signatures on handwritten or typed messages. ... Digital signature is a cryptographic value that is calculated from the data and a secret key known only by the signer
Information and network security 42 security of message authentication code
Message Authentication Requirements
Disclosure: Release of message contents to any person or process not possess- ing the appropriate cryptographic key.
Traffic analysis: Discovery of the pattern of traffic between parties. ...
Masquerade: Insertion of messages into the network from a fraudulent source
Information and network security 41 message authentication code
Message authentication aims to protect integrity, validate originator identity, and provide non-repudiation. It addresses threats like masquerading, content or sequence modification, and source/destination repudiation. A Message Authentication Code (MAC) provides assurance that a message is unaltered and from the sender by appending a cryptographic checksum to the message dependent on the key and content. The receiver can validate the MAC to verify integrity and authenticity.
Information and network security 40 sha3 secure hash algorithm
SHA-3 is the latest member of the Secure Hash Algorithm family of standards, released by NIST on August 5, 2015. Although part of the same series of standards, SHA-3 is internally different from the MD5-like structure of SHA-1 and SHA-2
Information and network security 39 secure hash algorithm
The Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) is a cryptographic hash function developed by the US National Security Agency. SHA-512 is the latest version that produces a 512-bit hash value. It processes message blocks of 1024 bits using an 80-step compression function that updates a 512-bit buffer. Each step uses a 64-bit value derived from the message and a round constant. SHA-512 supports messages up to 2^128 bits in length and adds between 1 and 1023 padding bits as needed.
Information and network security 38 birthday attacks and security of hash fun...
Birthday attack can be used in communication abusage between two or more parties. ... The mathematics behind this problem led to a well-known cryptographic attack called the birthday attack, which uses this probabilistic model to reduce the complexity of cracking a hash function
Information and network security 37 hash functions and message authentication
Message Authentication Code ... A message authentication code (MAC) is similar to a cryptographic hash, except that it is based on a secret key
Information and network security 35 the chinese remainder theorem
In number theory, the Chinese remainder theorem states that if one knows the remainders of the Euclidean division of an integer n by several integers, then one can determine uniquely the remainder of the division of n by the product of these integers, under the condition that the divisors are pairwise coprime.
Information and network security 34 primality
A primality test is an algorithm for determining whether an input number is prime. Among other fields of mathematics, it is used for cryptography. Unlike integer factorization, primality tests do not generally give prime factors, only stating whether the input number is prime or not
Information and network security 33 rsa algorithm
RSA algorithm is asymmetric cryptography algorithm. Asymmetric actually means that it works on two different keys i.e. Public Key and Private Key. As the name describes that the Public Key is given to everyone and Private key is kept private
Information and network security 32 principles of public key cryptosystems
Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is an encryption scheme that uses two mathematically related, but not identical, keys - a public key and a private key. Unlike symmetric key algorithms that rely on one key to both encrypt and decrypt, each key performs a unique function.
Information and network security 31 public key cryptography
Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is a cryptographic system that uses pairs of keys: public keys, and private keys. The generation of such key pairs depends on cryptographic algorithms which are based on mathematical problems termed one-way function
Information and network security 30 random numbers
Random numbers are fundamental building blocks of cryptographic systems and as such, play a key role in each of these elements. Random numbers are used to inject unpredictable or non-deterministic data into cryptographic algorithms and protocols to make the resulting data streams unrepeatable and virtually unguessable
Information and network security 29 international data encryption algorithm
International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) is a once-proprietary free and open block cipher that was once intended to replace Data Encryption Standard (DES). IDEA has been and is optionally available for use with Pretty Good Privacy (PGP). IDEA has been succeeded by the IDEA NXT algorithm
Information and network security 28 blowfish
Blowfish is a symmetric block cipher designed as a replacement for DES. It encrypts data in 64-bit blocks using a variable-length key. The algorithm uses substitution boxes and a complex key schedule to encrypt the data in multiple rounds. It is very fast, uses little memory, and is resistant to cryptanalysis due to its complex key schedule and substitution boxes.
Information and network security 27 triple des
Part of what Triple DES does is to protect against brute force attacks. The original DES symmetric encryption algorithm specified the use of 56-bit keys -- not enough, by 1999, to protect against practical brute force attacks. Triple DES specifies the use of three distinct DES keys, for a total key length of 168 bits
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Information and network security 47 authentication applications
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Information and network security 46 digital signature algorithm
Information and network security 45 digital signature standard
Information and network security 45 digital signature standard
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Information and network security 44 direct digital signatures
Information and network security 43 digital signatures
Information and network security 43 digital signatures
Information and network security 42 security of message authentication code
Information and network security 42 security of message authentication code
Information and network security 41 message authentication code
Information and network security 41 message authentication code
Information and network security 40 sha3 secure hash algorithm
Information and network security 40 sha3 secure hash algorithm
Information and network security 39 secure hash algorithm
Information and network security 39 secure hash algorithm
Information and network security 38 birthday attacks and security of hash fun...
Information and network security 38 birthday attacks and security of hash fun...
Information and network security 37 hash functions and message authentication
Information and network security 37 hash functions and message authentication
Information and network security 35 the chinese remainder theorem
Information and network security 35 the chinese remainder theorem
Information and network security 32 principles of public key cryptosystems
Information and network security 32 principles of public key cryptosystems
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Operating system 01 introduction
- 1. Operating System 01 Introduction Prof Neeraj Bhargava Vaibhav Khanna Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and Systems Sciences Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University Ajmer
- 2. Computer System Structure • Computer system can be divided into four components: – Hardware – provides basic computing resources • CPU, memory, I/O devices – Operating system • Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various applications and users – Application programs – define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users • Word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video games – Users • People, machines, other computers
- 3. System Software: The Hardware-Software Connection • System software: Class of software that includes the operating system and utility programs • Handles low-level details and hundreds of other tasks behind the scenes • User does not need to be concerned about details 3
- 4. What the Operating System Does • Every computer depends on an operating system to: – Keep hardware running efficiently – Maintains file system – Supports multitasking – Manages virtual memory • Operating system runs continuously when computer is on 4
- 5. Utility Programs • Serve as tools for doing system maintenance and repairs not handled by operating system • Utilities make it easier for users to: – Copy files between storage devices – Repair damaged data files – Translate files so different programs can read them – Guard against viruses and other harmful programs – Compress files so they take up less space 5
- 6. 6 The Operating System When you turn on the computer, the CPU automatically begins executing instructions stored in ROM. The operating system (OS) loads from the disk into part of the system’s memory.
- 7. The Operating System (cont.) 7 The OS loads the application program into memory and remains in memory, so it can provide services to the application program—display on-screen menus, communicate with the printer, and perform other common actions. The Operating System (cont.)
- 8. UNIX and Linux • UNIX: Command-line, character-based OS – Internet is populated with computers running UNIX – OS of choice for workstations and mainframes in research and academic settings – Favored by many who require an industrial- strength, multiuser OS • Linux, a UNIX clone, is distributed and supported free 8
- 9. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Compatibility Issues 9 • Operating systems are designed to run on particular hardware platforms. • Applications are designed to run on particular operating systems. • Most cloud applications are designed to run on multiple platforms.
- 10. Abstract View of Components of Computer
- 11. Assignment 1. Discuss the Abstract View of Structure and Components of Computer System