The document summarizes research on consumer preferences for pairing plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) with green electricity programs. It finds that many consumers are interested in green electricity and open to utility-controlled charging. A survey of over 1,500 US car buyers found strong interest in monthly green electricity programs and home solar panels. While preferences varied, over half of potential PEV buyers said they would accept utility control of vehicle charging. Combining PEV and green electricity options increased overall demand for electric vehicles.
March 2011 - Michigan Energy Forum - Joseph A. Malcoun IIAnnArborSPARK
Have you ever considered purchasing an electric vehicle? Want to find out what all the hype is about? Join us for an evening of information and updates on the rollout of electric vehicles in Michigan and the United States.
Presentation by Lori Bird, World Resources Institute
Renewable Energy Markets
September 5, 2019
Session: Strategies for Achieving 100% Community-Wide RE Goals
Track: COMMUNITY & RESIDENTIAL
Description: Recently, more than 100 cities have established community-wide renewable energy goals. Session speakers explored how leading cities are taking action to meet aggressive community-wide renewable energy goals and the role of utility solutions in meeting their goals. Presenters explored procurement strategies, innovations, and key challenges.
https://www.renewableenergymarkets.com/rem2019
California Energy Commission: (Preparing for Bi-Directional EV Energy Future)...Paul Stith
EV Grid participates in a number of Vehicle Grid Integration projects including V2G and Battery 2nd Life that optimize the value of electric vehicle batteries to EV owners, the utility grid and provide compounded GHG savings.
This presentation provides and update to the Commission on two such projects: University of Delaware Grid-on-Wheels demonstration and Clinton Global Initiative - V2G School Buses.
Department of Defense Plug In Electric Vehicle Program Forth
Dr. Camron Gorguinpour, Director of the DoD's PEV Program, presented at Drive Oregon's October event. Here is his presentation, highlighting the various activities of the DoD around PEV deployment, V2G pilots, and more.
Energy Storage North America 2014: Realizing Vehicle Grid Integration: Key T...Paul Stith
Paul Stith - Director, Business Development & Regulatory Affairs @ EV Grid - Realizing Vehicle Grid Integration: Key Technical and Policy Issues.
Using Electric Vehicles as a grid resource. Project summaries, education, policy and technical challenges / opportunities.
“Focus on how far you have come, not how far you have to go.” - C.S. Lewis
“There are many challenges, there are many obstacles; let us try to change the obstacles to advantages.” - Harri Holkeri
“A year from now you will wish you had started today.”
- Karen Lamb
As the mantra to "electrify everything" intensifies, we'll need to develop a clear understanding of what that goal means and what it will take to get us there. Electrification may be our only practical pathway to decarbonization, but that doesn't reduce the need for a keen awareness of what we're undertaking.
This forum brought in speakers from both Minnesota and around the country to talk about a range of electrification topics including emerging tech, an evolving grid, ongoing natural gas reliance and electric innovations.
CALSTART Fuels Program Manager, Dr Jasna Tomic, presented on vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology at Plug-In 2009, Long Beach, CA "Plug-in Vehicles as Sources of Power"
March 2011 - Michigan Energy Forum - Joseph A. Malcoun IIAnnArborSPARK
Have you ever considered purchasing an electric vehicle? Want to find out what all the hype is about? Join us for an evening of information and updates on the rollout of electric vehicles in Michigan and the United States.
Presentation by Lori Bird, World Resources Institute
Renewable Energy Markets
September 5, 2019
Session: Strategies for Achieving 100% Community-Wide RE Goals
Track: COMMUNITY & RESIDENTIAL
Description: Recently, more than 100 cities have established community-wide renewable energy goals. Session speakers explored how leading cities are taking action to meet aggressive community-wide renewable energy goals and the role of utility solutions in meeting their goals. Presenters explored procurement strategies, innovations, and key challenges.
https://www.renewableenergymarkets.com/rem2019
California Energy Commission: (Preparing for Bi-Directional EV Energy Future)...Paul Stith
EV Grid participates in a number of Vehicle Grid Integration projects including V2G and Battery 2nd Life that optimize the value of electric vehicle batteries to EV owners, the utility grid and provide compounded GHG savings.
This presentation provides and update to the Commission on two such projects: University of Delaware Grid-on-Wheels demonstration and Clinton Global Initiative - V2G School Buses.
Department of Defense Plug In Electric Vehicle Program Forth
Dr. Camron Gorguinpour, Director of the DoD's PEV Program, presented at Drive Oregon's October event. Here is his presentation, highlighting the various activities of the DoD around PEV deployment, V2G pilots, and more.
Energy Storage North America 2014: Realizing Vehicle Grid Integration: Key T...Paul Stith
Paul Stith - Director, Business Development & Regulatory Affairs @ EV Grid - Realizing Vehicle Grid Integration: Key Technical and Policy Issues.
Using Electric Vehicles as a grid resource. Project summaries, education, policy and technical challenges / opportunities.
“Focus on how far you have come, not how far you have to go.” - C.S. Lewis
“There are many challenges, there are many obstacles; let us try to change the obstacles to advantages.” - Harri Holkeri
“A year from now you will wish you had started today.”
- Karen Lamb
As the mantra to "electrify everything" intensifies, we'll need to develop a clear understanding of what that goal means and what it will take to get us there. Electrification may be our only practical pathway to decarbonization, but that doesn't reduce the need for a keen awareness of what we're undertaking.
This forum brought in speakers from both Minnesota and around the country to talk about a range of electrification topics including emerging tech, an evolving grid, ongoing natural gas reliance and electric innovations.
CALSTART Fuels Program Manager, Dr Jasna Tomic, presented on vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology at Plug-In 2009, Long Beach, CA "Plug-in Vehicles as Sources of Power"
The Charging Infrastructure Ecosystem by Matteo MuratoriForth
Matteo Muratori, Ph.D., Chief Analyst – Sustainable Transportation at U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) gave this presentation at the Forth The Charging Infrastructure Ecosystem webinar on October 12, 2021.
CALSTART Van Amburg Mobility 2030 8 18 09 FinalCALSTART
CALSTART's senior VP Bill Van Amburg presented at Mobility 2030: Transportation Technologies & Lifestyles of the Future, San Francisco, CA August 18, 2009
Policies For A Mature, Flourishing, Equitable EV Charging Ecosystem by Chris ...Forth
Chris Rimmer, Infrastructure Strategy lead at CENEX gave this presentation at the Forth The Charging Infrastructure Ecosystem webinar on October 12, 2021.
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Smart charging represents the intersection where decarbonising power and electrifying transport meet. It creates a crucial building block for a sustainable energy system to power electric cars through solar and wind energy. Encouraging consumers to shift electric vehicle charging to hours when the power system is not under stress generates benefits for the grid, the environment and all electricity customers.
March 2011 - Michigan Energy Forum - Lisa WarshawAnnArborSPARK
Have you ever considered purchasing an electric vehicle? Want to find out what all the hype is about? Join us for an evening of information and updates on the rollout of electric vehicles in Michigan and the United States.
What is the best strategy to facilitate the decarbonization of existing tower...Josephine (Viet Ha) Pham
We put together this presentation for the 2017 Sustainability Innovations case competition organized by Rotman Net Impact at the Rotman School of Management. Our team came 3rd out of 12 teams from various MBA programs in the country.
Japan's Ofgem Action Points from CambridgeYohei Kiguchi
This presentation is for a Japan's energy market liberalisation of 2016. This is prepared by a team at the University of Cambridge, a research company named Cambridge Energy Data Lab, ltd, and Ofgem, UK.
Electric Vehicles (EV) use a battery to store the electric energy that powers the motor. EV batteries are charged by plugging the vehicle into an electric power source. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and all-electric vehicles (EVs)—also called electric drive vehicles collectively—use electricity either as their primary fuel or to improve the efficiency of conventional vehicle designs.
Reduced fuel consumption and emissions, optimized fuel efficiency and performance, lower operational cost, rising conventional fuel costs are some factors that make use of EVs advantageous. However, tech and other challenges are in front of EVs to make them popular selling asset among masses. High EV price limit the current customer group to consist of primarily tech savvy and environmental ideologists, however, new research indicates that charging time and driving range are most influencing the purchase decision. Due to scale of production and technological development, it seems likely that there will be significant price erosion related to EV batteries over the next 10 years. This will most likely influence EV prices and increase sales.
Moreover, along with the gradual emergence of EVs- innovators and entrepreneurs are introducing new and visionary business models. Incidentally, EVs are sold on subscription- and rental companies are beginning to include EVs as part of their fleet of program. For example, as integrators or mobility service providers, the EV value chain creates opportunities for newcomers to participate and create value on mobility market. The integrators are the future industry actors, who will handle the integration between EV charging and intelligent home billing etc. Reportedly, ECOtality partnered Sprint Nextel and Cisco to deliver wireless connectivity for charging stations and home energy management solutions/controllers.
This report aims to highlight the drivers and inhibitors that influence the roll-out of electric cars in terms of adoption speed, cost and user acceptance. The report is largely based on the general market data, which has been analysed and correlated with the data from fleet test of electric vehicles which was conducted in and around the metropolitan area of Copenhagen (Denmark). The report also explores an analysis of comparative advantages of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles over EVs.
The Charging Infrastructure Ecosystem by Matteo MuratoriForth
Matteo Muratori, Ph.D., Chief Analyst – Sustainable Transportation at U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) gave this presentation at the Forth The Charging Infrastructure Ecosystem webinar on October 12, 2021.
CALSTART Van Amburg Mobility 2030 8 18 09 FinalCALSTART
CALSTART's senior VP Bill Van Amburg presented at Mobility 2030: Transportation Technologies & Lifestyles of the Future, San Francisco, CA August 18, 2009
Policies For A Mature, Flourishing, Equitable EV Charging Ecosystem by Chris ...Forth
Chris Rimmer, Infrastructure Strategy lead at CENEX gave this presentation at the Forth The Charging Infrastructure Ecosystem webinar on October 12, 2021.
Smart charging puts the pedal to the metal on e-mobilityLeonardo ENERGY
Smart charging represents the intersection where decarbonising power and electrifying transport meet. It creates a crucial building block for a sustainable energy system to power electric cars through solar and wind energy. Encouraging consumers to shift electric vehicle charging to hours when the power system is not under stress generates benefits for the grid, the environment and all electricity customers.
March 2011 - Michigan Energy Forum - Lisa WarshawAnnArborSPARK
Have you ever considered purchasing an electric vehicle? Want to find out what all the hype is about? Join us for an evening of information and updates on the rollout of electric vehicles in Michigan and the United States.
What is the best strategy to facilitate the decarbonization of existing tower...Josephine (Viet Ha) Pham
We put together this presentation for the 2017 Sustainability Innovations case competition organized by Rotman Net Impact at the Rotman School of Management. Our team came 3rd out of 12 teams from various MBA programs in the country.
Japan's Ofgem Action Points from CambridgeYohei Kiguchi
This presentation is for a Japan's energy market liberalisation of 2016. This is prepared by a team at the University of Cambridge, a research company named Cambridge Energy Data Lab, ltd, and Ofgem, UK.
Electric Vehicles (EV) use a battery to store the electric energy that powers the motor. EV batteries are charged by plugging the vehicle into an electric power source. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and all-electric vehicles (EVs)—also called electric drive vehicles collectively—use electricity either as their primary fuel or to improve the efficiency of conventional vehicle designs.
Reduced fuel consumption and emissions, optimized fuel efficiency and performance, lower operational cost, rising conventional fuel costs are some factors that make use of EVs advantageous. However, tech and other challenges are in front of EVs to make them popular selling asset among masses. High EV price limit the current customer group to consist of primarily tech savvy and environmental ideologists, however, new research indicates that charging time and driving range are most influencing the purchase decision. Due to scale of production and technological development, it seems likely that there will be significant price erosion related to EV batteries over the next 10 years. This will most likely influence EV prices and increase sales.
Moreover, along with the gradual emergence of EVs- innovators and entrepreneurs are introducing new and visionary business models. Incidentally, EVs are sold on subscription- and rental companies are beginning to include EVs as part of their fleet of program. For example, as integrators or mobility service providers, the EV value chain creates opportunities for newcomers to participate and create value on mobility market. The integrators are the future industry actors, who will handle the integration between EV charging and intelligent home billing etc. Reportedly, ECOtality partnered Sprint Nextel and Cisco to deliver wireless connectivity for charging stations and home energy management solutions/controllers.
This report aims to highlight the drivers and inhibitors that influence the roll-out of electric cars in terms of adoption speed, cost and user acceptance. The report is largely based on the general market data, which has been analysed and correlated with the data from fleet test of electric vehicles which was conducted in and around the metropolitan area of Copenhagen (Denmark). The report also explores an analysis of comparative advantages of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles over EVs.
Beaverton Living Greener Electric Vehicle Roadmap. Presented April 10th, 2010 at Beaverton Oregon City Hall.
Presented by:
George K Beard
Executive Leadership Institute
Hatfield School of Government
See the 27 minute video of the presentation here:
http://tinyurl.com/y6k3c9s
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course on Business Models at National University of Singapore to analyze the business model for a fictitious alliance between Qualcomm and Bosch. Together, these firms can create a dense network of wireless charging stations that can enable the use of inexpensive electric vehicles. The dense network of charging stations reduces the importance of range and thus the weight, volume, and cost of batteries that are needed to propel the vehicle. The slides describe the value proposition, method of value capture, customers, scope of activities, and method of strategic control for Q-Bo, a fictitious alliance between Qualcomm and Bosch.
Electric Vehicles & Electric Utilities, Webinar Slides from FleetCarmaFleetCarma
View the recorded webinar here: http://www.fleetcarma.com/resources/vehicles-electric-utilities/
This webinar explores the way that electric utilities can work with electric vehicles to achieve the most benefit. The presenters discuss strategies and technologies to increase electric vehicle adoption within a utility's own fleet and in the service area.
Clean Fuels Programs: Market-based mechanism and role of the OEMs by Spencer ...Forth
Spencer Reeder, Director of Government Affairs & Sustainability at Audi USA. gave this presentation at the Forth Driving Change With Clean Fuel Programs webinar on March 22, 2022.
Advances in Technologies for Electrically Powered Vehicles and the opportunities for industry and education - presented at an IET meeting in December 2009
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
324 john axsen
1. Connecting plug-in vehicles to green
electricity through consumer demand
Presented: December 10, 2013
Dr. Jonn Axsen, Simon Fraser University
EMRG
Energy and Materials
Research Group
Funded by:
BMW of North America, LLC
Natural Resources Canada
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
2. Huge variety among plug-in vehicles (PEV)
~800 km gasoline
20 km
Plug-in
Hybrid
(PHEV)
Toyota Prius PHV
~500 km gasoline
~56 km
Chevy Volt
~117 km electric range
Pure
Electric
(EV)
Nissan Leaf
~300km electric range
Tesla Roadster
Comparing Battery Sizes:
4 kWh
24 kWh
16 kWh
53 kWh
3. 3
PEV emissions greatly depend on the
source of electricity
450
Regular vehicles
EV
400
PHEV-40
350
PHEV-20
Driving
300
Carbon
Intensity250
Hybrid
(gCO2/ 200
mile)
150
100
Natural Gas
50
U.S.
Average
Canada
Today
0
0
200
Coal
400
600
800
1000
Electricity Carbon Intensity (gCO2/kWh)
Source: Axsen et al. (2011), Energy Policy
4. Questions I will explore today:
1. Do PEV buyers want “green electricity”?
2. Will PEV buyers give charging control to their
electric utility?
3. What are consumer motives?
5. Study 1: Green electricity with your PEV?
(US car buyers, n=1502)
6. Research Method
20-minute web-based survey
US new vehicle buyers, n = 1502
3 segments: buyers of conventional, hybrids and PEVs
Survey layout:
1. Game 1: PEV design
2. Game 2: Green-electricity design
3. Game 3: “Combined” design (PEV and Green-E)
4. Motivation assessment
7. Game 1: PEV design games
Respondents first select their next anticipated vehicle by type (CV or HEV)
and body size (compact, sedan, mid-sized or full SUV/truck).
Incremental price,
compared to base vehicle.
HEV: $780 to $1740
PHEV: $2090 to $7540
EVs: $2940 to $25,380
Example Screenshot from Survey
8. Game 1: Vehicle Designs
Hybrid and PHEVs are most popular.
% of
Sample
segment
60%
50%
40%
Plug-in
hybrid
30%
Hybrid (HEV)
20%
40 miles
10%
Conventional
vehicle
20 miles
10 miles
0%
CV
HEV
PHEV
Selected vehicle design
Electric
vehicle
200 miles
100 miles
EV
150
125
9. Game 2: Green Electricity design games
1) No green program: or current “green” program if already enrolled.
2) Monthly Green Program: ¢1.5 to 3/kWh
3) 2-Year Green Lease: ¢1.5 to 3 /kWh
4) Install residential solar: $20 to $102/month
Example Screenshot from Survey
10. Game 2: Green Electricity Designs
Lots of interest in monthly programs and home solar
50%
40%
% of 30%
Sample
Segment
20%
900 kWh
100% of home usage
60%
10%
0%
None
Current
Program
Monthly
Green
Program
540 kWh
20%
20%
100%
60%
180 kWh
2-year Green Install rooftop
Lease
solar
Electricity program selected
11. Game 3: Combining vehicle and electricity options
Example Screenshot from Survey
12. Game 3: Combining vehicle and electricity games
Hybrid buyers
100%
EV
80%
PHEV
HEV
60%
CV
40%
20%
0%
Game 1: PEV
Game 3: Mixed
Complements: The combination increases PEV demand by 23%
13. Study 2: Acceptance of utility controlled
charging
(Canada car buyers, n=1754)
14. Pairing renewables & PEVs
Many sources of renewables are intermittent so
the timing of electricity supply may not match
the timing of electricity demand.
Green Electricity Supply
PEV
Electricity Demand (load)
12am
12pm
11pm
14
15. Pairing renewables & PEVs
Many sources of renewables are intermittent so
the timing of electricity supply may not match
the timing of electricity demand.
Green Electricity Supply
PEV
Electricity Demand (load)
12am
12pm
11pm
15
16. Utility controlled charging (UCC)—Any situation
where the electric utility controls Plug-in Electric
Vehicle (PEV) charging in order to better utilize
intermittent renewable electricity sources.
16
17. The Sample
Total completes: 1754
The overall sample is generally representative of new car buyers:
Older, higher income, more highly educated, and more likely to own their own
home
17
18. Who are the “early mainstream?”
45%
36% = potential
35%
“early mainstream”
30%
PEV buyers
Percentage of Sample
40%
25%
64km
Electric Range
20%
15%
Further analysis uses only
10%
these respondents
5%
32km
240km
Electric range
200km
160km
120km
16km
0%
Conventional
n=1469
36% of total sample (n=530)
Hybrid
PHEV
EV
80km
18
19. Making Tradeoffs – Stated Preferences
Status
Quo
UCC
alternative 1
UCC
alternative 2
19
20. Latent-class discrete choice model:
3 different consumer perspectives
Class #1: Pro-Green (21% of sample)
–
–
–
–
Generally supports utility-controlled charging
Positive value for renewables
Strong pro-environmental values/attitudes
Younger, more educated
Class #2: Pro-Savings (41% of sample)
– Also supports utility-controlled charging
– Highly sensitive to savings on electrical bill
– Strong pro-environmental values/attitudes
Class #3: Anti-controlled charging (38% of sample)
– Negative perception of UCC
– Older, less educated
20
21. Comparing charging programs based on bill
savings vs. renewable uptake
Baseline
(No renewables,
no savings)
Pro-Green (21%)
Pro-Savings (41%)
Anti-UCC (38%)
All (100%)
20% bill savings
Pro-Green (21%)
Pro-Savings (41%)
Anti-UCC (38%)
All (100%)
Pro-Green (21%)
100% renewable
Pro-Savings (41%)
Anti-UCC (38%)
All (100%)
Pro-Green (21%)
20% savings
+
100% renewable
Pro-Savings (41%)
Anti-UCC (38%)
All (100%)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
21
% of PEV market accepting UCC
22. Summary points
Lack of awareness: most consumers do not presently
think about the source of electricity for PEVs.
Green electricity can boost demand for PEVs: …when
green-electricity option is presented.
“Utility controlled charging” acceptable to half of
potential PEV buyers: support varies by green vs.
financial motivation (which links to consumer values
and lifestyle)
Variety of consumer motives: environmental
values, financial savings, new technology, trust and
privacy
22
24. Guaranteed minimum charge (GMC)
200km – 100% or Full Charge
180 km Guaranteed Minimum Charge
180km – 90% Charge
The absolute minimal level of
charge that you would wake up
to on any given morning.
20km
20km – 10% of Charge
This area may have charge but it may not. This
will depend on the utility.
The larger the consumer allows this area to be
the more useful their vehicle can be to the
utility.
24
25. Preferences for electricity source when charging PEVs
How do you feel about using the following energy sources to produce electricity for
electric vehicles?
Coal
Nuclear
Biomass
Natural Gas
Large Hydro
Run-of-river
Geothermal
Wind
Solar
-80%
-60%
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Percentage of Sample
n=530
25
26. How do they feel about UCC?
To what extent do you agree with the following statements about Utility Controlled Charging?
Utility controlled charging…
Negative Statement
Positive Statement
Will help the environment
Should be supported by the
government
Should be required for
all PEV owners
Will take control away from me
in a way that I would not like
Is an invasion of my privacy
-40%
n=530
-20%
0%
20%
40%
Percentage of Sample
60%
80%
26
27. Binary logistic regression helped to explain
respondent interest in “combined” product.
Controlling for numerous variables,
Respondents were more likely to combine a PEV and Greenelectricity design in Game 3 if they…
…are under 60 years of age.**
…live in a detached home.*
…recently bought an HEV or PEV.**
…engaged in technology-oriented lifestyle.**
…had stronger pro-environmental attitude (NEP scale).**
* Significant at 95% confidence level (p < 0.05)
** Significant at 99% confidence level (p < 0.01)
28. Method Overview:
The web-based survey instrument required 20-25 minutes to complete. The flow of
survey questions was customized based on respondent characteristics, including up to
three design games: (the survey also included many demographic and attitudinal questions not
depicted here.)
Has residential solar panels?
Yes
No
Segment: CVB, HEVB, PEVB?
Segment: CVB, HEVB, PEVB?
Select “base” vehicle for design games
Select “base” vehicle for design games
CV as base
Potential to upgrade to:
Game 1
HEV, PHEV or EV
HEV as base
Potential to upgrade to:
PHEV or EV
CV as base
Potential to upgrade to:
HEV, PHEV or EV
Assess potential to install home solar
Can have solar
Potential upgrades to:
Game 2 Green program/lease or solar
Game 3
No solar potential
Potential upgrades to:
Green program/lease
Options to combine vehicle and electricity program:
Vehicles: (CV), HEV, PHEV or EV
Electricity: current, green program, lease, (solar)
End of survey
HEV as base
Potential to upgrade to:
PHEV or EV
29. Game 1: PEV Design Games
Incremental prices for upgrades are based on technical literature.
•
•
All prices were framed as increments added to the “base” vehicle price (CV or HEV)
Incremental prices based on simple electric-drive price model:
–
–
•
Two price scenarios: “Higher” and “lower” battery prices
–
•
$/kWh was higher for batteries with higher power-energy ratio (W/Wh)
Incremental price includes battery, changes to engine, motor, charger, exhaust and wiring
“Higher” battery prices are double those in “lower” scenario
Base and incremental prices differ by “base” model: compact, sedan, mid-sized
SUV/truck or full-sized SUV/truck
–
Incremental prices higher for larger, heavier vehicles
Higher Price Game*
Compact
HEV
$1,080
PHEV-10 $2,710
PHEV-20 $3,160
PHEV-40 $4,070
EV-75
$5,940
EV-100
$7,570
EV-125
$9,200
EV-150
$10,820
EV-200
$14,070
Sedan
$1,290
$3,530
$4,060
$5,110
$6,920
$8,790
$10,670
$12,540
$16,290
Mid-SUV
$1,480
$4,120
$4,830
$6,240
$8,970
$11,490
$14,010
$16,530
$21,570
Full-SUV
$1,740
$5,050
$5,880
$7,540
$10,550
$13,510
$16,480
$19,450
$25,380
Lower Price Game*
Compact
HEV
$780
PHEV-10 $2,090
PHEV-20 $2,320
PHEV-40 $2,770
EV-75
$2,940
EV-100
$3,760
EV-125
$4,570
EV-150
$5,380
EV-200
$7,010
Sedan
$850
$2,600
$2,860
$3,380
$3,140
$4,080
$5,020
$5,960
$7,830
Mid-SUV
$920
$2,950
$3,300
$4,000
$4,010
$5,270
$6,530
$7,790
$10,310
Full-SUV
$1,000
$3,510
$3,920
$4,760
$4,500
$5,980
$7,460
$8,950
$11,910
*Price increases relative to the selected “base” vehicle. If respondent selects an HEV as the “base” vehicle, then
incremental prices are as shown, but less the HEV incremental price.
30. Game 2: Green Electricity Design Games
•
•
Each respondent’s assumed monthly household kWh demand was based on their U.S.
State of residence and housing type (detached, attached, apartment or mobile home)
Green electricity program and lease prices were based on two rates:
–
–
•
•
Higher price scenario: $0.03 per kWh covered by plan (20 to 100% of monthly kWh)
Lower price scenario: $0.015 per kWh
Residential solar only offered to respondents with solar potential (rooftop access, and
likely would have authority or permission to install)
Solar installation prices based on:
–
–
–
–
System size (180, 360, 540, 720 or 900 kWh per month)
Following economies of scale, $/watt was lower for larger systems (as detailed by IBNL, 2011)
Two price scenarios: Higher ($5.1 to $3.6/W) and lower ($3.6 to $2.5/W)—gov’t incentives included
Monthly finance rate based on 5%, 20-year rate
1. Monthly Program
Solar, wind, tidal, geothermal,
biomass, small hydro, or determined
by electric utility
Levels: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% or 100%
of household electricity use
Price = $0.03/kWh
2. Two-Year Lease
Lease solar panels or wind
turbine (somewhere else)
3. Install Home Solar
Solar panels installed at home
Same as Monthly (#1)
Lower price scenario
Levels: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% or 100%
of household electricity use
Price = $0.015/kWh
Same as Monthly (#1)
Savings on electric bill
None
None
180 kWh: $29/month ($5.1/W)
360 kWh: $58/month ($5.1/W)
540 kWh: $68/month ($4.0/W)
720 kWh: $86/month ($3.8/W)
900 kWh: $102/month ($3.6/W)
180 kWh: $20/month ($3.6/W)
360 kWh: $40/month ($3.6/W)
540 kWh: $48/month ($2.8/W)
720 kWh: $60/month ($2.7/W)
900 kWh: $71/month ($2.5/W)
Savings = (% solar) x Household bill
Source options
Higher price scenario
31. Summary of Results
Results from Game 1 (PEV designs):
–
–
–
–
–
Conventional vehicle buyers most frequently design HEVs (49%) or PHEVs (23-24%).
Hybrid buyers gravitate to HEVs (40-47%) or PHEVs (35 to 38%).
Pure EVs designed by 3-7% of conventional buyers, 7-12% of hybrid buyers.
Plug-in buyers gravitate to PEV designs (28% PHEV, 57% EV).
Respondents that already have “green electricity” are more likely to design PEV.
Results from Game 2 (Green Electricity designs):
–
–
–
Among conventional vehicle buyers, most design some form of green electricity: home
solar (23-27%), a green electricity program (18-22%) or lease (6-9%).
32-42% of conventional vehicle buyers prefer no green program.
Most hybrid and plug-in buyers either already own a home solar system (32-37%) or
design one (18-35%)
Results from Game 3 (Combined games):
–
–
31% of conventional buyers combined a PEV with a Green-E program, as did 53% of hybrid
buyers, and 86% of plug-in buyers.
Adding Green-E options increased overall demand for PEV designs among conventional
buyers (23%), hybrid buyers (20%), and PEV buyers (5%). (While the percent increase is
low for PEV buyers, it is from a very high base of over 80 percent.)
Consumer Motivations:
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–
–
We observe a wide variety of motives across and within respondent segments, including
environment, cost, oil politics, renewable support and control of energy.
Conventional and hybrid buyers are more likely to be motived by cost savings.
PEV buyers more strongly motivated by technical interest and as well as environment.
Editor's Notes
The question was:
Statement / question that precedes the statements.