The Earth is composed of concentric layers, each with different thicknesses and materials. The layers include the core, mantle, and crust. The lithosphere consists of the crust and upper mantle and is made up of large, solid plates that move over time, called tectonic plates. The movement of these plates through processes like continental drift has resulted in features like mountains and volcanoes.

1. The structure of planet
Earth

2. The structure
of the Earth
consists of
concentric layers
Each layer has a different
thickness
Each layer is
formed of different
materials

3. The layers
are:
The core
The mantle
The crust
Upper
mantle
Lower
mantle
solid rocks
semi-molten
rocks (magma)
Deepest layer
Thin, solid, external layer of
rocks

4. What is the litosphere?
It is made up of
The crust
The upper
mantle
Characteristics
of the litosphere
It is fragmented into large, solid blocks of rock
called tectonic plates
It presents irregularities That’s what we call
the relief
The lithosphere is solid+

5. The continental drift
• According to this
theory, millions of
years ago all the
emerged land formed
a single continent
called Pangaea.
• Later, Pangaea broke
up into several smaller
continents which
moved and adopted
their present position.

6. At present, the Earth’s crust is divided
into big blocks called tectonic plates.

7. Tectonic
plates float on
the lower
mantle, move
and slide
against each
other
consequences
mountains
volcanoes
earthquakes

8. What is a continent?
• A continent is a large extension of land surrounded by
oceans and seas.
• There are six continents (*):
(*) America can be divided in North America, Central America
and South America.
71 % of the
crust is
submerged
by seas and
oceans.

9. There are five oceans
The Pacific ocean
is the largest,
deepest ocean.