Know the types of Random Sampling method and how it is being used.
Simple random sampling
Systematic sampling
Stratified Sampling
Cluster or Area sampling
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how to determine your sample size using Slovin's formula.
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Distinguish between Parameter and Statistic.
Calculate sample variance and sample standard deviation.
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how to determine your sample size using Slovin's formula.
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also kindly hit the like and share button so others may easily find this material.
thanks.
Distinguish between Parameter and Statistic.
Calculate sample variance and sample standard deviation.
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As we have learned in the previous lesson, Statistics is a science that studies data. Hence to teach Statistics, real data set is recommend to use. In this lesson, we present an activity where the students will be asked to provide some data that will be submitted for consolidation by the teacher for future lessons. Data on heights and weights, for instance, will be used for calculating Body Mass Index in the integrative lesson. Students will also be given the perspective that the data they provided is part of a bigger group of data as the same data will be asked from much larger groups (the entire class, all Grade 11 students in school, all Grade 11 students in the district). The contextualization of data will also be discussed.
Strategies on How to Infer & Explain Patterns and Themes from DataNoMore2020
A research that we presented and submitted to our teacher, Mrs. Lopez. I uploaded this because I wanted to help other students in the ABM track especially to Senior High Students who have Reseach in Daily Life in their subjects.
Since the year 1982, the phenomenon of suicide terrorist attacks has spread all over the world and many countries have found themselves suffering the effects of this growing terrorist ‘modus operandi’
The suicide terrorist is no more than a platform that carries the explosive charge to its target. However, this platform can think, adapt to situational changes and act at the right time and the right place to detonate the explosive device so as to create maximum carnage and destruction in a spectacular manner; it is the ultimate precision guided smart human bomb
Systematic sampling in probability sampling Sachin H
This is a systematic sample in probability sampling which is consider to be one of the technics of sampling . It is most useful in certain circumstances in Random sampling.
In this lesson we discuss the different levels of measurement as we continue to explore data. Knowing such will enable us to plan the data collection process we need to employ in order to gather the appropriate data for analysis.
As we have learned in the previous lesson, Statistics is a science that studies data. Hence to teach Statistics, real data set is recommend to use. In this lesson, we present an activity where the students will be asked to provide some data that will be submitted for consolidation by the teacher for future lessons. Data on heights and weights, for instance, will be used for calculating Body Mass Index in the integrative lesson. Students will also be given the perspective that the data they provided is part of a bigger group of data as the same data will be asked from much larger groups (the entire class, all Grade 11 students in school, all Grade 11 students in the district). The contextualization of data will also be discussed.
Strategies on How to Infer & Explain Patterns and Themes from DataNoMore2020
A research that we presented and submitted to our teacher, Mrs. Lopez. I uploaded this because I wanted to help other students in the ABM track especially to Senior High Students who have Reseach in Daily Life in their subjects.
Since the year 1982, the phenomenon of suicide terrorist attacks has spread all over the world and many countries have found themselves suffering the effects of this growing terrorist ‘modus operandi’
The suicide terrorist is no more than a platform that carries the explosive charge to its target. However, this platform can think, adapt to situational changes and act at the right time and the right place to detonate the explosive device so as to create maximum carnage and destruction in a spectacular manner; it is the ultimate precision guided smart human bomb
Systematic sampling in probability sampling Sachin H
This is a systematic sample in probability sampling which is consider to be one of the technics of sampling . It is most useful in certain circumstances in Random sampling.
In this lesson we discuss the different levels of measurement as we continue to explore data. Knowing such will enable us to plan the data collection process we need to employ in order to gather the appropriate data for analysis.
SAMPLING METHODS ( PROBABILITY SAMPLING).pptxPoojaSen20
SAMPLING
SAMPLING IS THE PROCESS OF SELECTING A SMALL NUMBER OF ELEMNTS FROM A LARGER DEFINED TARGET GROUP OF ELEMNTS SUCH THAT THE INFORMATION GATHERDED FROM THE SMALL GROUP WILL ALLOW JUDEN=MENT TO BE MADE ABOUT THE LARGER GROUPS.
IN SIMPLE WORDS A PROCEDURE BY WHICH SOME MEMBERS OF A GIVEN POPULATION ARE SELECTED AS REPRESENTATION OF THE ENTIRE POPULATION .
PURPOSE OF SAMPLING
To gather data about the population in order to make an inference that can be generalized to the populations. .
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
Probability sampling is a type of sampling where each member of the population has a known probability of being selected in the sample .
In probability sampling some elements of randomness is involved in selection of units ,so that personal judgement or bias is not there.
NON- PROBABILITY SAMPLING
Non- Probability sampling is a type of sampling where each member of the population does not have known probability of being selected in the sample.
In this each member of the population does not get equal chance of being selected in the sample.
This sampling methods is adopted when each member of the population can not be selected or the researcher deliberately wants to choose member selectively
Sampling is concerned with the selection of a subset of individuals from within a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population
Statistics and probability - For Demo in Senior High School.pptxJamesRogerBadillo3
Statistics and probability
Tell me something about the picture
What are the things that you want to study?
What is random sampling?
The leader of the group will present their output in the class.
Rubric for presentation:
Criteria
content
presentation
score
total
100
100
200
Random Sampling
1. Illustrate the t-distribution.
2. Construct the t-distribution.
3. Identify regions under the t-distribution corresponding to different values.
4. Identify percentiles using the t-table.
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1. Illustrate point and interval estimations.
2. Distinguish between point and interval estimation.
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Convert a normal random variable to a standard normal variable and vice versa.
Compute probabilities and percentiles using the standard normal table.
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Determining the Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random Variable
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Illustrate the nature of bivariate data;
Construct a scatter plot;
Describe shapes (form), trend (direction), and variation (strength) based on the scatter plot; and
Estimate strength of association between the variables based on a scatter plot.
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1. Illustrate:
Null hypothesis
Alternative hypothesis
Level of significance
Rejection region; and
Types of error in hypothesis testing
2. Calculate the probabilities of commanding a Type I and Type II error.
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1. Calculate the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient
2. Solve problems involving correlation analysis.
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Identify the independent and dependent variable;
Draw the best fit line on a scatter plot;
Calculate the slope and the y-intercept of the regression line;
Interpret the calculated slope and the y-intercept of the regression line;
Predict the value of the dependent variable given the value of the independent variable; and
Solve problems involving regression analysis.
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Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2. • A researcher prefers to achieve unbiased results in his
or her study. One of the best ways to fulfill this is
through the use of random sampling.
Types of random sampling
There are four types of random sampling techniques.
1. Simple random sampling (SRS)
2. Systematic sampling
3. Stratified sampling
4. Cluster or Area sampling
3. Simple Random Sampling
The most basic sampling technique. Every member of the population
has an equal chance of being chosen to be part of the sample.
Examples: Table of Random Numbers and Lottery method
For lottery:
1. SRS without Replacement- All the elements bearing the numbers
picked by the researcher become elements of the sample.
2. SRS with Replacement- Involves returning the selected piece of
paper to the box or bowl after it was noted and the next sample is
drawn again from the same number of population. This gives an
element of the population more than one chance to be part of the
sample and thus, making elements of sample not distinct with one
another.
4. Example 1
A researcher wants to study the effects of social
media on Grade 11 students in Davao City
National High School. He wishes to use the
simple random sampling technique in
choosing the members of his sample. If there
are 1,000 Grade 11 students in the school,
how many students should there be in his
sample? Discuss the steps he must take if he
wishes to use the lottery method.
5. Step 1. Determine the number of students that
should be in the sample. Use the Slovin’s
formula as follows.
For the margin of error, use 5% or 0.05
6. Step 2. Assign a number to each member of the
population. In this problem, assign a number to
each of the 1,000 students.
Step 3. Write the number on pieces of paper with
the same size and shape. Fold the pieces of
paper.
Step 4.Put all the folded pieces of paper in a bowl
or box.
Step 5. Without looking, randomly pick out 286
folded pieces from the bowl or box.
7. Example 2.
A Grade 11 student wants to make a study on the
opinions of Grade 8 students concerning the use
of the Filipino language in the teaching of
mathematics. There are 510 Grade 8 students.
She wants to interview only 10% of the Grade 8
students in the school where the study is to be
conducted. If you were the student, how are you
going to do it by using a Table of Random
Numbers?
Solution:
8. Step 1. Multiply 510 by 10% to obtain the members
of the sample.
510x10%=51. The number of students is a three-
digit number; therefore, assign a three-digit
number to each of the 510 students.
Step 2. Randomly select a starting number from the
table. If the table of random numbers contains 5-
digit numbers, consider only the last 3 digits,
since the total number of students in the study is
510 which is a three-digit number. Move down
columns selecting the appropriate number.
9. Continue doing this until 51 students are
selected. If there are no numbers left in the
first column, move to the second column. You
can create your own Table of Random
Numbers by using random number generator.
10.
11. Systematic Sampling
A systematic sampling is a random sampling
technique in which a list of elements of the
population is used as a sampling frame and
the elements to be included in the desired
sample are selected by skipping through the
list at regular intervals.
12.
13. Example 3
In a group of 250 students, how will you select a
sample containing 71 students by using the
systematic sampling technique?
Solution
Step 1. Prepare a sampling frame by randomly
arranging the 250 students.
Step 2. Assign each student a number from 1 to 250
Step 3. Find the sampling interval k. Divide the
population size 250 by the sample size 71.
14. Step 4. Select a number from the whole
numbers between 0 and k+1 by simple
random technique. The numbers that are
between 0 and k+1 are 1,2,3, and 4. This
chosen value is called as the random start.
Step 5. Assume that the randomly selected
number is 2. Use 2 as the starting number.
Step 6. Select every 4th student from the
sampling frame starting from the 2nd student.
16. Example 4
In a group of 180 workers, how will you select a
sample of 36 workers by using the systematic
sampling technique?
Solution
Step 1. Prepare a sampling frame by randomly
arranging the 180 workers.
Step 2. Assign each worker a number from 1 to 180.
Step 3. Find the sampling interval k. Divide the
population size 180 by the sample size 36.
17. Step 4. Select a number from the whole
numbers between 0 and k+1 by simple
random technique. The numbers that are
between 0 and k+1 are 1,2,3,4, and 5.
Step 5. Assume that the randomly selcted
number is 4. Use 4 as the starting number.
Step 6. Select every 5th worker from the sample
frame starting from the 4th worker. That is,
18. Stratified Sampling
It is a random sampling technique in which the
population is first divided into strata and then
samples are randomly selected separately
from each stratum.
19. Example 5
You want to interview 200 students in your
school to determine their opinion on the new
school uniform. How are you going to choose
your sample by using stratified sampling if
there are 1,200 students in grade seven; 1,100
in grade eight; 1,050 in grade nine; and 940 in
grade ten; 900 in grade eleven; and 810 in
grade twelve?
20. Solution
Subdivide the population into several strata. In
this problem, subdivide the population into
year levels. Then, make a table similar to the
following:
Population
N=6000
No of students per Stratum Sample
n=200
Grade 7 1,200 (1200/6000)x200=40
Grade 8 1,100 (1100/6000)x200=37
Grade 9 1,050 (1050/6000)x200=35
Grade 10 940 (940/6000)x200=31
Grade 11 900 (900/6000)x200=30
Grade 12 810 (810/6000)x200=27
Total 6,000 200
21. Sometimes, the computation will result to one
less than the value of the n. If this happens,
round up one of the data to the next integer.
In this problem, n=200. If the of all the
samples per year level is 199 instead of 200,
then round up one of the data which is not a
whole number to the next integer.
22. Example 6
Gwen Grey, a Statistics student, wants to
determine who care more about their physical
appearances, the male or the female students.
She wants to limit her study to the Grade 11
students: 340 are male and 500 are female.
She wants her sample to consist only of 50
students. She chooses the members of her
sample using stratified sampling technique.
23. Solution
Subdivide the Grade 11 students into two
subgroups using gender. Divide the number of
students per gender by the total number of
students, and then, multiply the resulting
quotient by 50. The computations are shown
below.
Population
N=840
Number of Students Per
Stratum
Sample
n=50
Male 340 (340/840)x50=20
Female 500 (540/840)x50=30
Total 840 50
24. Cluster or Area Sampling
In cluster sampling, the population is divided into clusters.
From these clusters, a random sample of clusters will be
drawn. All the elements from the sampled clusters will
make up the sample. Sometimes, clusters are too large and
there is a need for a second set of smaller clusters to be
taken from the original clusters. For example, a researcher
could divide the province into towns. A sample of towns
will be selected using SRS. She/He could then divide the
towns into barrios. From these towns, a sample of barrios
will be selected at random. From these barrios, a sample of
houses will be identified. This technique is called multi-
stage cluster sampling.
25. Definition of Cluster Sampling
Cluster or area sampling is a random sampling
technique in which the entire population is
broken into small groups, or clusters, and then,
some of the clusters are randomly selected. The
data from the randomly selected clusters are the
ones that are analyzed.
The difference of cluster sampling from a stratified
sampling is that the sample consists of elements
from the selected clusters only while in stratified
sampling, the sample consists of elements from
all the strata.
26. Example 7
A researcher wants to determine who among
the families in a small town are using the new
detergent product. How is she going to do this
using the cluster sampling technique?
27. Solution
Step 1. Divide the population into clusters. Use barrios as
clusters.
Step 2. Not all the barrios of the town will be included in
the sample. Choose the final barrios by using either the
simple random sampling or a systematic sampling
technique.
Step 3. Not all the families in each selected barrio will be
included in the study. Select the final families to be
included in the sample by using either a simple random
sampling or systematic random sampling technique.