Earth is a terrestrial planet that revolves around the sun and rotates on its axis. It has an average distance from the sun of 150 million km and a diameter of 12,756 km. Earth's rotation causes day and night and its revolution around the sun and axial tilt cause seasons. Earth has seasons including summer, winter, autumn and spring due to its tilt. Eclipses occur when the moon or Earth block the sun's light from reaching the other.
A power point that is designed to explain the effects of the Rotation and Revolution on the Earth.
-Day and Night
-The four seasons
-Solstice and Equinox
-High tide and low tide
-Windspeed and Direction
A power point that is designed to explain the effects of the Rotation and Revolution on the Earth.
-Day and Night
-The four seasons
-Solstice and Equinox
-High tide and low tide
-Windspeed and Direction
YERİN İÇİNDE HER BİR KARANLIK NOKTA DEPREMLERLE AYDINLIĞA ÇIKARILIYOR. HEM DÜNYA'DA HEM DE AY'DA. DEPREMLER OLMASA İNSANLIK OLARAK YERİN İÇLERİ HAKKINDA BİLGİCE SIFIR OLACAKTIK. KÂİNATTA YERİN İÇLERİNİ DEPREMLERLE AYDINLATIYORUZ. ÖNCE DÜNYA SONRA AY VE DAHA SONRA JEOFİZİK DEPREM KAYITÇISI KONULABİLEN HER YER AYDINLANACAK. JEOFİZİK SİSMOLOJİ ÇALIŞMALARI EVRENDE YERİN İÇİNDE DEPREMLERİ İZLEYEREK VE İNCELEYEREK KARANLIKTA KALAN SIR PERDELERİNİ KALDIRIYOR. DEPREMLER OLDUKÇA VEYA OLAN DEPREMLER JEOFİZİK KAYITÇILARLA DİNLENEBİLDİKÇE GEZEGENLERİN İÇİ SIR OLMAKTAN ÇIKACAK. İYİ Kİ DEPREMLER VAR VE İYİ Kİ DEPREM BİLİMİ JEOFİZİK SİSMOLOJİ VAR.
1969 YILINDA AY ÜZERİNE YERLEŞTİRİLEN 6 DEPREM İSTASYONU İLE AY DEPREMLERİ KAYIT EDİLMEYE BAŞLANDI VE AY BİZİM İÇİN JEOFİZİK SİSMOLOJİ ÇALIŞMALARIYLA AYDINLANDI. DEPREMLER YER İÇİNİ AYDINLATAN IŞIKTIR. DOĞRU DEĞİL Mİ?
YERİN İÇİNDE HER BİR KARANLIK NOKTA DEPREMLERLE AYDINLIĞA ÇIKARILIYOR. HEM DÜNYA'DA HEM DE AY'DA. DEPREMLER OLMASA İNSANLIK OLARAK YERİN İÇLERİ HAKKINDA BİLGİCE SIFIR OLACAKTIK. KÂİNATTA YERİN İÇLERİNİ DEPREMLERLE AYDINLATIYORUZ. ÖNCE DÜNYA SONRA AY VE DAHA SONRA JEOFİZİK DEPREM KAYITÇISI KONULABİLEN HER YER AYDINLANACAK. JEOFİZİK SİSMOLOJİ ÇALIŞMALARI EVRENDE YERİN İÇİNDE DEPREMLERİ İZLEYEREK VE İNCELEYEREK KARANLIKTA KALAN SIR PERDELERİNİ KALDIRIYOR. DEPREMLER OLDUKÇA VEYA OLAN DEPREMLER JEOFİZİK KAYITÇILARLA DİNLENEBİLDİKÇE GEZEGENLERİN İÇİ SIR OLMAKTAN ÇIKACAK. İYİ Kİ DEPREMLER VAR VE İYİ Kİ DEPREM BİLİMİ JEOFİZİK SİSMOLOJİ VAR.
1969 YILINDA AY ÜZERİNE YERLEŞTİRİLEN 6 DEPREM İSTASYONU İLE AY DEPREMLERİ KAYIT EDİLMEYE BAŞLANDI VE AY BİZİM İÇİN JEOFİZİK SİSMOLOJİ ÇALIŞMALARIYLA AYDINLANDI. DEPREMLER YER İÇİNİ AYDINLATAN IŞIKTIR. DOĞRU DEĞİL Mİ?
This PPT describes the Inter-relation ship between the Earth, Moon and the Sun that explains the causes of Day and Night, Seasons on the Earth and the Tides in Oceans and Seas!
learningfromgeography.wikispaces.com
learningfromhistory.wikispaces.com
Developed by Maria Jesús Campos, Social Studies, Geography and History teacher in a bilingual section in Madrid (Spain)
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
2. Earth’s Physical Characteristics
Earth is one of the terrestrial planets
in the solar system. Among others are
Mercury, Venus, and Mars.
Terrestrial planet is a planet that is
composed primarily of silicate rocks
or metals.
3. Earth’s Physical Characteristics
The terms are derived from Latin
words (Terra and Tellus), so these
planets are, in a certain way, “Earth-
like.”
Only on terrestrial planet, Earth, is
known to have an active hydrosphere.
4. Facts about Earth
Average distance from the sun
Equatorial diameter
Circumference around the
equator
Surface Area
Rotational period
Revolution period around the
sun
150 000 000 km
12 756.32 km
40 075.16 km
Land area: 148 300 000
Water area: 361 800 000
23 hours, 56 minutes, 4.09
seconds
365 days, 6 h, 9 min, 9.54 s
5. In 500 BC, Pythagoras, a Greek
philosopher, recognized that Earth
has a curved shadow on the moon.
200 BC, Eratosthenes, a Greek
astronomer, was the first to compute
Earth’s circumference and tilt.
Earth’s Physical Characteristics
6. Isaac Newton predicted nearly three
centuries ago that Earth is more
nearly round than any other shape.
Gravity contributes to Earth’s oblate
spheroid shape.
Lithosphere is the topmost solid part
of Earth. Earth’s crust forms the
upper part of the lithosphere.
Earth’s Physical Characteristics
7. There are four major landmasses on
Earth. Each major landmass is made
up of one or more continents.
Continent - is a large land area that
measures millions of square kilometers
and rise high above sea level.
Earth’s Physical Characteristics
8. About 70% of earth’s surface is covered
by water. This is called hydrosphere.
The hydrosphere includes Earth’s oceans,
rivers, streams, ponds, glaciers, lakes and
other bodies of water.
Earth’s Physical Characteristics
9. Earth’s Motion
Day and Night
Earth is the third planet from the
sun. It revolves around the sun
following an elliptical orbit.
It also rotates on its axis as it travels
around the sun.
Earth rotates on its axis every 23 hours
and 56 minutes, which makes one day.
10. Earth’s Motion
Day and Night
As Earth rotates, part of it faces
the sun while the rest of the Earth is in
darkness.
As Earth continues to rotate, the part
experiencing daytime will soon
experience nighttime and the part that
as in darkness will soon be facing the
sun.
The position of the sun is fixed and
11. The sun rises in the east and sets in the
west because Earth rotates from west
to east.
The length of the day is measured
from the time the sun rises to the time
the sun sets.
Earth’s Motion
12. The amount of sunlight received by
Earth varies with the tilt of the axis.
The distribution of solar radiation
caries among the three regions of
Earth. (the equator, the Tropic of
Cancer, and the Tropic of Capricorn.
Earth’s Motion
13. The equator is an imaginary band that
encircles the Earth;
the Tropic of Cancer is located
23.5°north of the equator,
and the Tropic of Capricorn is
23.5°south of the equator.
Earth’s Motion
14. Causes of Season
While Earth is rotating, it is also
revolving around the sun.
Earth’s revolution around the sun,
which takes 365 ¼ days to complete,
is the basis for our measurement of the
year and season changes.
15. Causes of Season
The cycle of seasons is caused by
Earth’s tilt towards the sun.
These seasons include summer, winter,
autumn, and spring.
Because of the tilt of Earth’s axis, the
length of day and night changes.
16. Causes of Season
On June 20 or 21 every year, the North
Pole experiences summer solstice.
The northern hemisphere experiences
its longest days at this time, while the
southern hemisphere experiences
shortest day.
17. Causes of Season
After June 21 of every year, the sun
seems to move lower and lower in the
sky until December 21 or 22 of that
same year when the winter solstice
occurs.
18. Causes of Season
Twice a year, neither the north pole
nor the south pole is tilted towards the
sun; this occurs in spring and autumn.
During these times, days and nights
are of equal length all over the world,
known as equinoxes.
The word equinox means “equal
night”.
19. Causes of Season
In Northern hemisphere, spring begins
on the vernal or spring equinox, which
generally falls on March 20 or 21 of
every year.
Autumn begins on the autumnal
equinox, which falls on September 21
to 22 of every year.
20. ECLIPSES
As the moon revolves around the
Earth, and Earth and moon revolve
around the sun, they block out some of
the sun’s light, producing shadows.
Sometimes, the moon moves into
Earth’s shadow or may cast a shadow
onto Earth.
21. ECLIPSES
A lunar eclipse or eclipse of the moon
occurs when Earth passes between the
moon and the sun and its shadow
obscures the moon.
22.
23. ECLIPSES
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon
passes between Earth and the sun and
its shadow falls on Earth.
24. ECLIPSES
A total eclipse of the sun or the moon
occurs when either of the two bodies
becomes completely obscured.
Moon frequently passes through the
outer area of Earth’s shadow. This
causes a partial eclipse in which the
moon’s reflected light is dimmed.
25. ECLIPSES
The moon exerts a pull on Earth, and
results in the rise and fall of ocean
water levels as the moon moves in its
orbit around the Earth.
The rising and the falling of the water
level that occur during the day are
called tides.
Tides are caused by moon’s
gravitational pool.
26. ECLIPSES
The rise in water level due to the pull
of the moon is called high tide, which
usually happens every 12 hours.
Low tide occurs when water falls to its
lowest level.
The change from high tide to low tide
is caused by the rotation of Earth and
the effect of the moon’s gravity.
27. ECLIPSES
During the moon and full moon, the
lunar and solar tides together produce
the larger spring tides.
At the first and last quarters of the
moon, lunar and solar tides produce
the smaller tides called neap tides.