The document discusses the history and evolution of computers from the 1st to 5th generations. It describes some of the earliest calculating devices like the Pascaline and how vacuum tubes were used in early computers for logic and operations. It outlines important developments in each generation including increased speeds, memory storage options, programming languages used, and applications growing from military/scientific uses to business/commercial applications. The summaries highlight the key differences between the 1st and 5th generations in terms of components, programming, storage, speeds, and capabilities.

1.  PRESENTED BY : MARIAM NIAZ &
SOBIA YOUSUFZAI
 BS ENG 2 A

2. The concept is of using a CALCULATING
DEVICE called PASCALINE invented by
PASCAL to calculate FAST and keep the
RECORD
EARLY AGE of
record keeping is
called THE 0
GENERATION

3. It’s a DEVICE used for the
SUBTRACTION ‘
MULTIPLICATION’ ADDITION &
DIVISION operations

4. •1946-1957
•JOHN P EKCET & JOHN
W.MAUCHLY
•ENIAC
•EDSAC
•ADVAC
•UNIVAC
•IBM

5. 1000 times faster
Used 18’000 VACCUM tubes
Used in WORLD WAR II for
MILITARY purposes
Completes an operation in 2
minutes that takes a HUMAN
to complete in 40 HOURS

6. First PRACTICAL STORED PROGRAM
electronic computer and FIRST
to run a GRAPHICAL COMPUTER
GAME
VACCUM TUBES were used for
logic & Mercury Delay Line for
storage

7. Stores computer program with
automatic CALCULATION
CHECKING SOFTWARE

8. The FIRST BUSINESS USED
COMPUTER , its cost was
close to 1 MILLION dollars

9. Electrostatic Storage ,
manufactured for the first
time in QUANTITY &
COMERCIAL use

10. STORED IN AN INTERNAL ADDRESSABLE ELECTRONIC MEMOEY
The First IBM machine in which programs are

11. Basic arithmetic operations
only took a few MILLISECONDS
100 – 1000 times increase in
the SPEDD
PUNCHED cards invented to
feed DATA and store
PROGRAMMS
Scientific purposes mainly

12. High Cost
Bulky and Heavy VOLUME
Consumed more power then
calculations

13. PUNCH CARDS AND PAPER
TAPES to feed programs and
Data to get the results

14. Magnetic tapes & Magnetic
drums for secondary memory

15. Punch Cards Magnetic Tape

16. For the operations and Logic

17. VACCUM TUBES

18. Used ASSEMBLY or LOW LEVEL
LANGUAGE to write the
programs and then converted
into MACHINE LANGUAGE

19. 1st generation:
 They used vacuum
tubes
 They use Low Level
Programming
Language
 Limited storage
 Errors and slow
calculations
5th generation:
 They did not use
vacuum tubes
 High Level
programming
language used
 Large storage
 Fast calculations &
almost no errors

20. 1st generation:
 No multitasking
 No video gaming
5th generation:
 Multitasking
 Video gaming
industry took birth

21. Thank You