Innovative Teaching in Educational Psychology

369
Available online through - http://ijifr.com/searchjournal.aspx
Accepted After Review On: October 12, 2015
Published Online On: October 16, 2015
InternationalJournalofInformative&Futuristic Research
ISSN: 2347-1697Volume 3 Issue 2 October 2015
Abstract
The Innovative Instructional Strategies play on important role in enhancing
learning systems. The time of instruction through blackboards with chalks and
notice boards is going to change. Innovative Instructional Strategies are used to
make learning sessions interactive, motivating and interesting. The purpose of
this study was to examine the effectiveness of innovative instructional strategies
on Educational Psychology among B.Ed Trainees’. A sample consists of 60
students trainees’ were selected from Usha Latchumanan College of Education,
Thirukkanur, Puducherry. The quasi experimental, equal group randomization of
experimental and control group design was adopted for this study. Experimental
group taught using innovative instructional strategies while traditional method
followed for control group. The study reveals that there is no significant
differences between pre-test mean scores of experimental (N=30) and control
group (N=30). There is significant difference between post-test mean scores of
experimental and control group and learning retention of experimental group
was higher than the control group. Hence, Innovative Instructional Strategies is
effective for teaching educational psychology and enhance the student learning
retention.
1. Introduction
In recent years, there has been a groundswell of interest on how computer and the Internet are best
harnessed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of education at all levels. Now, innovative
instructional strategies play a remarkable role in the education sector. The development of the
Innovative Instructional Strategies
for Teaching Educational Psychology
Paper ID IJIFR/ V3/ E2/ 010 Page No. 369-376 Subject Area Education
Key Words
Innovative Instructional Strategy, Educational Psychology, Concept Map, Blog,
Cooperative Learning
1st
M. Deivam
Ph.D. Research Scholar,
Department of Education,
Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed University,
Dindigul district, Tamilnadu, India.
2nd
Dr. N. Devaki
Assistant Professor,
Department of Education,
Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed University,
Dindigul district, Tamilnadu, India.

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ISSN: 2347-1697
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 3, Issue -2, October 2015
Continuous 26th Edition, Page No.:369-376
M. Deivam, Dr. N. Devaki:: Innovative Instructional Strategies for Teaching
Educational Psychology
economy of any country depends on the quality of education imparted in the educational
institutions. The teacher education institutions are playing an important role in shaping the destiny
of the teacher education is the need of the hour. For enhancing the equality in education, the
strategies of teaching of the teachers followed in the classrooms is very important. Strategies is a
kind of approach or way by which one can disseminate content in the classroom. Walberg &
Waxman (1985), said strategies is a set of teaching actions intended to attain desired outcomes.
Planning and designing the best learning route for each student and keeping the students on the
right learning route can be called Teaching Strategy. It calls upon a variety of processes. Strasser,
B.B. (1976) said strategies is a generalized plan for a lesson which includes structure desired
learner terms of the goals of instruction and outline of tactics necessary to implement the strategy.
Instructional strategies is a pattern of teaching act that services to attain certain outcomes and
purposefully conceived and determined plan of action.
2. Innovative Instructional Strategies
2.1 Concept Map
Concept maps are also a method of graphically illustrating complicated scientific issues and
knowledge problems in a way that the students can see the interrelatedness among the concepts.
Concepts maps reveal to them the connections which they would not understand otherwise. The
next labels and the linking words as well as lines arrangement, reveal a meaningful structure to the
learners, which they can understand easily. Concept maps are a teaching/learning technique and are
now accepted over the last few decades would wide, especially in science teaching. Concept
mapping has been found as an effective tool for aiding student‟s comprehension of psychology
material. The technique enables the student to visualize the structure knowledge. Concept maps
present graphically the structure of interrelated concepts. Various concepts and sub-concepts are
depicted on a map displaying their relationships. As the concept maps depict contents, these can be
described as showing semantic relationships among the concepts. They represent semantic
knowledge and hence can also be called semantic networks (Lanzing, 2004).
2.2 Blog
Teachers have noticed the creative use of this internet technology and put the Blog to work
in the classroom. The education Blog can be a powerful and effective Blog can be a powerful and
effective technology tool for teaching and learning process. Blogs work well for students because
they can be worked on at virtually any time, in any place with an Internet-enabled computer. The
post is arranged in reverse chronological order, with the most recently at the top of the Blog. Blog
can be used to inform students of class requirements, post handouts, notice, and homework. A class
Blog opens the opportunity for students to discuss topics outside of the classroom. With a Blog,
every person has an equal opportunity to share his or her thoughts and opinions. Students have time
to be reactive to one another and reflective. Teacher can also bring together a group of knowledge
individuals for a given unit of study for students to network and conference with on a Blog.
2.3 Cooperative Learning
Cooperative Learning is a pedagogical approach that promotes student – student interaction
via working in small groups to maximize their learning and reach their shared goal. It is a personal
philosophy, not just a classroom technique. In all situations where people come together in groups,
it suggests a way of dealing with people, which respects and highlights individual group members
ability and contributions. Whereas education itself has been regarded as social adjustment of an

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individual and a society can never exist without effective education. For an effective education,
effective teaching is required and for an effective teaching.
3. Significance Of The Study
Educational Psychology play very crucial role in teaching and learning process. Teachers
are involved in teaching learning process. In a normal classroom variety of students with different
learning styles, and interest also varies from individual to individual. Teacher has to adopt modern
instructional strategies according to needs of student teachers. Educational Psychology help the
teachers acquire knowledge about Individual differences, Personality Adjustment, Intelligence,
Cognitive development, interest, aptitude, Creativity, Concept, Abstraction, Motivation, learning,
discovery learning, Mental health, mental hygiene, special children. Hence, teachers by adopting,
innovative instructional strategy they can enhance the academic achievement and learning retention
in educational psychology.
4. Statement Of The Problem
Education is very important process in mankind. We have to make education as joyful
learning process, generate interest among students and motivate them to stay back in the institution
than to run away from it. Teaching role is very important in the teaching learning process because
he/she is key of learning and he/she has to adopt modern instructional aids, use appropriate
innovative instructional strategies in the classrooms. Methods of instruction also changing day by
day so teachers have to adopt modern innovative instructional strategy. Hence, present study
entitled “Innovative Instructional Strategies for Teaching Educational Psychology among B.Ed.
Trainees”.
5. Objectives
 To find out whether there is any significant difference between control and experimental group
of pre-test mean scores of basic educational psychology among B.Ed. trainees‟.
 To compare the Mean post-test scores of experimental and control groups to see the
effectiveness of an Innovative Instructional Strategies on Educational Psychology.
 To compare the mean retention scores of Experimental and control group in Educational
Psychology of B.Ed. trainees‟ exposed to Innovative Instructional Strategies and Traditional
method of instruction.
6. Hypotheses
 H01: There is no significant difference between pretest means score of control and
experimental group.
 H02: There is no significant difference between posttest means score of control and
experimental group.
 H03: There is no significant difference between mean scores of experimental and control
group of learning retention of Educational Psychology.
7. Research Methodology
The present study used pretest – posttest control and experimental group method as a basis
for its design and was carried out in a 7 week time period. This study was equal randomization of

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experimental and control group design. As measuring tools, an achievement test in Educational
Psychology was administered to student trainees‟. After a gap of twenty five (25) days, same
achievement test was again administered to student trainees‟ to ascertain the learning retention
among the student trainees‟.
7.1 Variables
Dependent variable: students‟ achievement and Learning retention in educational
psychology. Independent variable: Innovative Instructional strategy.
7.2 Sample
Samples of 60 student trainees‟ were selected using simple random sampling from Usha
Latchumanan College of Education, Thirukkanur, Puducherry UT. Above selected 60 student
trainees‟ were further divided into two groups such as Control group (30 student trainees‟) and
Experimental group (30 student trainees‟). The investigator taught traditional method of instruction
for control group and innovative instructional strategies used for experimental group.
7.3 Tools used
Educational Psychology Test: Pre-test contains 50 objective type questions (Basic
Educational Psychology) and Post-test contains 50 objective questions (Selected topics on
Educational Psychology after the treatment).
8. Experimental Procedure
The whole experiment was conducted in the four phases which is shown below in the tabular form
Table 1: Design Of The Study
Phases Experimental group Control group
Administration of
Pre-test
Measurement of Achievement in
Measurement of
Achievement in Educational
Psychology
Conducting the
Experimental
Treatment
Teaching Educational Psychology
through Innovative Instructional
Strategies for 7 weeks
Teaching Educational
Psychology through
traditional method of
teaching for 7 weeks
Administration of
Post-test
Measurement of
Achievement in Educational
Psychology
Administration of
Retention Test
Educational Psychology after 25 days
Measurement of
Achievement of Educational
Psychology after 25 days
The investigator identified modern innovative instructional strategies for teaching
educational psychology such as Concept map; Educational Blog and Cooperative learning which
are enhance the educational psychological knowledge among student trainees‟. The investigator an
administered basic educational psychology as pre-test for both groups experimental and control
group (50 objective type questions). Educational Psychology is one of the core paper of bachelor of
education, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, investigator identified some topics from
Pondicherry University syllabus such as School of psychology, growth and development, learning
process and theories, intelligence, personality and creativity. The investigator gave treatment for
teaching educational psychology through Innovative Instructional Psychology for 7 weeks. The
innovative instructional strategies such as Concept map, Educational Blog and Cooperative learning

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was taught experimental group while control group taught conventional method of instruction
(chalk and talk). After the treatment of 7 weeks post test was administered the both the groups
experimental and control group (50 objective types questions which was taken from selected topic
of educational psychology). The investigator administered the retention test after the 25 days over
of post-test.
9. Data Analyses
9.1 ‘t’ – test :
Table 2: Mean and Mean Gain Achievement Scores on Educational Psychology among B.Ed Trainees’
Mean Mean Gain
S.No Group Pretest (1) Posttest (2) (2) – (1)
1 Experimental group 56.30 68.33 +12.00
2 Control group 55.30 56.37 +1.07
The pre and post test scores of experimental and control groups were obtained through an
achievement test on Educational Psychology which was analyzed and described by using
descriptive and inferential statistics. The data were analyzed for the total achievement test scores
for both the groups. The mean of pre-test and post-test scores were computed and are presented in
the Table 1.1 shows positive Mean gain achievement scores for the experimental group. It was
inferred that for the experimental group the mean post-test score is higher than the mean pretest
scores with a very high significant difference. This data shows that there is a significant gain in the
achievement of Educational Psychology of the experimental group when taught by using innovative
instructional strategy. Hence, it is inferred that innovative instructional strategies proves useful in
increasing the knowledge and achievement level of B.Ed. Trainees‟.
Table 2: ‘t’ values of Pretest Posttest and Retention mean scores of Experimental and Control group
Test Group N Mean S.D ‘t’ value
Pre-Test
Achievement
Scores
Experimental vs
Control group
30 30 56.20 55.30 8.91 7.85 0.634
(NS)*
Post-Test
Achievement
Scores
Experimental vs
Control group
30 30 68.33 56.37 8.21 5.13 8.02 (N)*
Retention
Scores
Experimental vs
Control group
30 30 64.30 43.47 8.04 4.25 15.33 (N)*
NS: Not Significant
* Significant at 0.05 level
9.2 Statistical Techniques Used
1. Means and S.D‟s were worked out on the achievement and retention scores.
2. t-test was applied to compare the performance to two groups

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Figure 1: Pre-test Posttest and Retention Mean Scores of Experimental and Control group
„t‟ value 0.634 vide Table 1.2 for the difference in pre-test scores of the two group was
found to be not significant. Thus hypothesis H01: There is no significant difference in the
mean achievement scores of two group of experimental and control group of pre-test on
Fundamentals of Educational Psychology before treatment. It leads to the conclusion that
there is no significant difference in the pre-test mean achievement scores of the two groups
(Experimental and Control group). Hence, above null hypothesis was accepted.
„t‟ value 8.02 vide Table 1.2 for the difference in post-test scores of the two
treatment group was found to be significant. Thus hypothesis H02: There is no significant
difference in the mean achievement scores of two group of experimental and control group
of post-test on Fundamentals of Educational Psychology after treatment. It leads to the
conclusion that there is significant difference in the post-test mean achievement scores of
the two groups (Experimental and Control group). Hence, above null was rejected.
Table 2 also reveals that „t‟ value (15.33) for the difference in mean retention scores
of Experimental group and Control group is significant at 0.05 level. H03Thus hypothesis
there is no significant difference between mean scores of experimental and control group of
learning retention of Educational Psychology is rejected. Thus subjects exposed to
innovative instructional strategies retained higher than the subject taught by conventional
method of teaching.
10. Findings
As Gibbs (1992) emphasized, the issues of greater autonomy, control of choice of study
constitute key hallmarks of learner-centered learning. There are definitely such constraints as
limited facilities, large classes and the structured syllabus that need to be covered. Interest and
55.3 56.37
43.47
56.2
68.33
64.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Pre-Test Achievement
Scores
Post-Test Achievement
Scores
Retention Scores
Experimental
group
Control group

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commitment will go a long way in reducing the effects of these constraints. The innovative
instructional strategies were found to be effective in term of achievement of students on criterion
reference tests. There is significant difference between post-test mean scores of experimental and
control group and learning retention of experimental group higher than the control group. Hence,
innovative instructional strategies is best than the traditional method of instruction.
11. Conclusion
Rajshree Vaishnav and Pratima Parage (2013) studied on innovative instructional strategies
for teaching biology, result reveals that, innovative instructional strategies is good than the
traditional method of instruction. Experimental group mean scores is higher than the control group.
Fauzia Khurshid & Urusa Ansari (2012) studied on Effects of Innovative Teaching Strategies on
Students Performance, the study reveals that innovative teaching methodologies outperform the
traditional classroom teaching. The satisfies the individual learning requirements and increase the
interest level among students. The study shows that the innovative instructional strategies plays an
important role in improving the achievements of educational psychology among student teachers.
So a teacher should use innovative instructional strategies in teaching in the classroom which can
make his/her task easier and students can achieve better. Hence innovative instructional strategies
such as concept map, EduBlog, Cooperative learning is effective and enhance the students learning
retention.
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