The document discusses several ways that heat is transferred and regulated in the atmosphere. Radiation from the sun enters the atmosphere and is absorbed by different layers, with visible light penetrating deepest. Scattering causes the sky to appear blue by deflecting light. Some radiation is reflected by surfaces based on their properties. The greenhouse effect occurs as gases like carbon dioxide trap heat radiating from the Earth. Human activity has increased greenhouse gases and caused global warming by reducing the escape of solar energy from the atmosphere. Seasons are influenced by the Earth's tilt toward or away from the sun over the year. Heat is also transferred within the air and ground by conduction and convection.