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Prisms and Cylinders
The student is able to (I can):
• Classify three-dimensional figures according to their
properties
• Calculate the volumes of prisms and cylinders
face – the flat polygonal surface on a three-dimensional
figure.
edge – the segment that is the intersection of two faces.
vertex – the point that is the intersection of three or more
edges.
face
edge
vertex
•
polyhedron – a three-dimensional figure composed of
polygons. (plural polyhedra)
prism – two parallel congruent polygon bases connected by
faces that are parallelograms.
cylinder – two parallel congruent circular bases and a curved
surface that connects the bases.
pyramid – a polygonal base with triangular faces that meet at
a common vertex.
cone – a circular base and a curved surface that connects the
base to a vertex.
right prism – a prism whose faces are all rectangles. (Assume
a prism is a right prism unless noted otherwise.)
oblique prism – a prism whose faces are not rectangles.
altitude – a perpendicular segment joining the planes of the
bases (the height).
Volume
Let’s consider a deck of cards. If a deck is stacked neatly, it
resembles a right rectangular prism. The volume of the
prism is
V = Bh,
where B is the area of one card, and h is the height of the
deck.
If we shift the deck so that it becomes an
oblique prism, does it have the same
number of cards?
For any prism, whether right or oblique, the volume is
V = Bh
where h is the altitude, not the length of the lateral edge.
Likewise, for cylinders, it doesn’t matter whether the cylinder
is right or oblique, the volume is
V = Bh = r2h
Examples
Find the volume of each figure:
1.
2.
10 ft.
8 ft.
3 m
19 m
Examples
Find the volume of each figure:
1.
2.
10 ft.
8 ft.
3 m
19 m
( )
2 2
3 9 m
=  = 
B
3
(9 )(19) 171 m
V =  = 
( )( )
2
5 10
172.05
180
4tan
5
= =
 
 
 
B
V = (172.05)(8) = 1376.4 ft3

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12.1 Volume of Prisms and Cylinders

  • 1. Prisms and Cylinders The student is able to (I can): • Classify three-dimensional figures according to their properties • Calculate the volumes of prisms and cylinders
  • 2. face – the flat polygonal surface on a three-dimensional figure. edge – the segment that is the intersection of two faces. vertex – the point that is the intersection of three or more edges. face edge vertex •
  • 3. polyhedron – a three-dimensional figure composed of polygons. (plural polyhedra) prism – two parallel congruent polygon bases connected by faces that are parallelograms. cylinder – two parallel congruent circular bases and a curved surface that connects the bases.
  • 4. pyramid – a polygonal base with triangular faces that meet at a common vertex. cone – a circular base and a curved surface that connects the base to a vertex.
  • 5. right prism – a prism whose faces are all rectangles. (Assume a prism is a right prism unless noted otherwise.) oblique prism – a prism whose faces are not rectangles. altitude – a perpendicular segment joining the planes of the bases (the height).
  • 6. Volume Let’s consider a deck of cards. If a deck is stacked neatly, it resembles a right rectangular prism. The volume of the prism is V = Bh, where B is the area of one card, and h is the height of the deck. If we shift the deck so that it becomes an oblique prism, does it have the same number of cards?
  • 7. For any prism, whether right or oblique, the volume is V = Bh where h is the altitude, not the length of the lateral edge.
  • 8. Likewise, for cylinders, it doesn’t matter whether the cylinder is right or oblique, the volume is V = Bh = r2h
  • 9. Examples Find the volume of each figure: 1. 2. 10 ft. 8 ft. 3 m 19 m
  • 10. Examples Find the volume of each figure: 1. 2. 10 ft. 8 ft. 3 m 19 m ( ) 2 2 3 9 m =  =  B 3 (9 )(19) 171 m V =  =  ( )( ) 2 5 10 172.05 180 4tan 5 = =       B V = (172.05)(8) = 1376.4 ft3