This document provides standards for measuring plastering and pointing work for buildings and civil engineering projects. It outlines how to classify, describe and measure different types of plastering based on materials used and number of coats. Plastering on walls, ceilings and roofs is to be measured separately. Isolated widths of plaster like bands and cornices less than 30cm wide are measured in running meters, while those over 30cm wide are in square meters. Plastering heights over 10m are also measured separately in 5m stages. Cutting to edges may be separately measured or included in item descriptions.
This document discusses the design of beams. It defines different types of beams like floor beams, girders, lintels, purlins, and rafters. It describes how beams are classified based on their support conditions as simply supported, cantilever, fixed, or continuous beams. Commonly used beam sections include universal beams, compound beams, and composite beams. The document also covers plastic analysis of beams, classification of beam sections, and failure modes of beams.
Overview of Soil Stabilization :Cement / Lime :PPTAniket Pateriya
Soil-cement is frequently used as a construction material for pipe bedding, slope protection, and road construction as a sub-base layer reinforcing and protecting the subgrade. It has good compressive and shear strength, but is brittle and has low tensile strength, so it is prone to forming cracks.
Lime can be used to treat soils to varying degrees, depending upon the objective. The least amount of treatment is used to dry and temporarily modify soils. Such treatment produces a working platform for construction or temporary roads. A greater degree of treatment supported by testing, design, and proper construction techniques--produces permanent structural stabilization of soils.
Central Public Works Department (CPWD) summer training reportAman Gupta
The document provides details about Aman Gupta's summer training project at Central Public Works Department (CPWD) in Varanasi, India. It summarizes his work on two construction sites - the construction of an Instrumental Central Discovery Centre near the computer centre at BHU and a new girls' hostel at IIT BHU. During his training, Aman helped with formwork, planning, monitoring work progress, and gained experience with various building materials and construction techniques used at the sites. He provided documentation of the training in this report.
Case study on effect of water table on bearing capacityAbhishek Mangukiya
The document discusses the effect of water table on soil bearing capacity. It states that a water table located within the width of a foundation's base will reduce the soil's bearing capacity. The bearing capacity equation is provided, along with factors to account for water table depth. If the water table is below the base width, it has no effect on bearing capacity. A case study finds that for a given project, the water table depth exceeds the foundation depth, so there is no water table effect on soil bearing capacity. In summary, the proximity of the water table can impact a soil's ability to support structural loads, and established methods account for water table levels in bearing capacity calculations.
The document describes the standard Proctor compaction test procedure. The test is used to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soils. It involves compacting soil samples at incrementally increased moisture contents using a specified compaction method. A compaction curve is plotted showing the relationship between dry density and moisture content. The peak of the curve indicates the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density achieved for that soil. The test uses a cylindrical metal mold, rammer, balance, oven and other equipment to compact and analyze the soil samples according to steps that sieve, mix, compact and weigh the soil at different moistures.
DESTRUCTIVE AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST OF CONCRETEKaran Patel
The standard method of evaluating the quality of concrete in buildings or structures is to test specimens cast simultaneously for compressive, flexural and tensile strengths.
The main disadvantages are that results are not obtained immediately; that concrete in specimens may differ from that in the actual structure as a result of different curing and compaction conditions; and that strength properties of a concrete specimen depend on its size and shape.
Although there can be no direct measurement of the strength properties of structural concrete for the simple reason that strength determination involves destructive stresses, several non- destructive methods of assessment have been developed.
This document summarizes the design of a one-way slab for a multi-story building. Key steps include:
1) Determining the effective span is 3.125m based on the room dimensions and support thickness.
2) Calculating the factored bending moment of 5.722 kNm/m based on the loads and effective span.
3) Checking that the provided depth of 150mm is greater than the required depth of 45.53mm.
4) Sizing the main reinforcement as 130mm^2 based on the factored moment and concrete properties.
5) Specifying 10mm diameter bars spaced at 300mm centers along the shorter span.
This document discusses the design of beams. It defines different types of beams like floor beams, girders, lintels, purlins, and rafters. It describes how beams are classified based on their support conditions as simply supported, cantilever, fixed, or continuous beams. Commonly used beam sections include universal beams, compound beams, and composite beams. The document also covers plastic analysis of beams, classification of beam sections, and failure modes of beams.
Overview of Soil Stabilization :Cement / Lime :PPTAniket Pateriya
Soil-cement is frequently used as a construction material for pipe bedding, slope protection, and road construction as a sub-base layer reinforcing and protecting the subgrade. It has good compressive and shear strength, but is brittle and has low tensile strength, so it is prone to forming cracks.
Lime can be used to treat soils to varying degrees, depending upon the objective. The least amount of treatment is used to dry and temporarily modify soils. Such treatment produces a working platform for construction or temporary roads. A greater degree of treatment supported by testing, design, and proper construction techniques--produces permanent structural stabilization of soils.
Central Public Works Department (CPWD) summer training reportAman Gupta
The document provides details about Aman Gupta's summer training project at Central Public Works Department (CPWD) in Varanasi, India. It summarizes his work on two construction sites - the construction of an Instrumental Central Discovery Centre near the computer centre at BHU and a new girls' hostel at IIT BHU. During his training, Aman helped with formwork, planning, monitoring work progress, and gained experience with various building materials and construction techniques used at the sites. He provided documentation of the training in this report.
Case study on effect of water table on bearing capacityAbhishek Mangukiya
The document discusses the effect of water table on soil bearing capacity. It states that a water table located within the width of a foundation's base will reduce the soil's bearing capacity. The bearing capacity equation is provided, along with factors to account for water table depth. If the water table is below the base width, it has no effect on bearing capacity. A case study finds that for a given project, the water table depth exceeds the foundation depth, so there is no water table effect on soil bearing capacity. In summary, the proximity of the water table can impact a soil's ability to support structural loads, and established methods account for water table levels in bearing capacity calculations.
The document describes the standard Proctor compaction test procedure. The test is used to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soils. It involves compacting soil samples at incrementally increased moisture contents using a specified compaction method. A compaction curve is plotted showing the relationship between dry density and moisture content. The peak of the curve indicates the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density achieved for that soil. The test uses a cylindrical metal mold, rammer, balance, oven and other equipment to compact and analyze the soil samples according to steps that sieve, mix, compact and weigh the soil at different moistures.
DESTRUCTIVE AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST OF CONCRETEKaran Patel
The standard method of evaluating the quality of concrete in buildings or structures is to test specimens cast simultaneously for compressive, flexural and tensile strengths.
The main disadvantages are that results are not obtained immediately; that concrete in specimens may differ from that in the actual structure as a result of different curing and compaction conditions; and that strength properties of a concrete specimen depend on its size and shape.
Although there can be no direct measurement of the strength properties of structural concrete for the simple reason that strength determination involves destructive stresses, several non- destructive methods of assessment have been developed.
This document summarizes the design of a one-way slab for a multi-story building. Key steps include:
1) Determining the effective span is 3.125m based on the room dimensions and support thickness.
2) Calculating the factored bending moment of 5.722 kNm/m based on the loads and effective span.
3) Checking that the provided depth of 150mm is greater than the required depth of 45.53mm.
4) Sizing the main reinforcement as 130mm^2 based on the factored moment and concrete properties.
5) Specifying 10mm diameter bars spaced at 300mm centers along the shorter span.
Piles are deep foundations used to transfer structural loads through weak or wet soils to stronger soils below. Piles can be classified based on function (end bearing, friction, tension), material (concrete, timber, steel), or installation method (driven, cast-in-place). Key factors in pile design include soil properties, load types, and groundwater conditions. The ultimate load capacity of a pile considers end bearing and side friction, while the allowable load uses a factor of safety. Dynamic testing and soil parameters can be used to estimate pile capacities.
This document provides information about estimating and costing for construction projects. It discusses the need for estimation to determine project feasibility and cost, outlines the estimating process, and lists the key data required which includes drawings, specifications, and rates. Measurement rules and units for different construction items like earthwork, concrete, masonry, woodwork, and finishing works are also covered. The document emphasizes accurate measurement of work quantities as the basis for preparation of estimates.
Building planning byelaws & regulations as per SP-7, National Building Code of India group 1 to 5, planning of residential building: bungalows, row bungalows, apartments and twin bungalows, procedure of building permission, significance of commencement, plinth completion or occupancy certificate.
Soil exploration methods and soil investigation reportAnjana R Menon
Soil exploration involves site investigations through methods like boreholes, test pits, and geophysical tests. This provides critical information on ground conditions like soil type, bearing capacity, and water levels for foundation design of structures. The objectives are to evaluate soil properties, predict issues, ensure safety, and select suitable construction methods. A proper exploration program involves reconnaissance, preliminary, and sometimes detailed investigations using appropriate testing and sampling methods based on the project size and soil variability.
The document provides an introduction to the repair and rehabilitation of structures. It discusses factors contributing to damages in buildings from construction through use. Common causes of distress in concrete structures are then outlined, including construction errors, environmental factors, and chemical reactions. The objectives of conducting a condition survey of a distressed structure are presented, including identifying causes and assessing the extent of damage. The stages of a condition survey are described, beginning with a preliminary inspection, planning, visual inspection, and potentially field and laboratory testing. Classification of damage into different classes is also covered to help assess repair needs.
A method of testing soils by pressing a cone of standard dimensions into the soil under a known load and measuring the penetration. (extensive investigation and research in construction site).
Industrial Training Report of Construction Site in Civil EngineeringRAVI KUMAR
This document provides details about Ravi Kumar's industrial training project at Arete India Project Pvt Ltd. It includes an index, acknowledgements, introduction to the project, project details, construction process, machinery used, quantity estimations, quality control tests and more. The project involved the construction of a multi-story residential and commercial building project called Imperia Aashiyara with 26 towers and 1136 flats over 48 months. Key steps in the construction process and machinery used are described.
1) The document presents the results of an unconsolidated undrained (UU) triaxial test conducted by a group of 6 students on remolded soil specimens.
2) The UU test involves applying confining pressure to an unsaturated soil sample and shearing it undrained to determine the shear strength parameters. 3 tests were conducted at different confining pressures.
3) The first two tests yielded undrained shear strengths of 45.9 psi and 42.35 psi, while the third test gave a higher value of 55.39 psi, which may not be valid due to partial saturation of that sample.
A raft foundation is a large concrete slab that interfaces columns with the base soil. It can support storage tanks, equipment, or tower structures. There are different types including flat plate, plate with thickened columns, and waffle slab. The structural design uses conventional rigid or flexible methods. It involves determining soil pressures, load eccentricities, moment and shear diagrams for strips, punching shear sections, steel reinforcement, and checking stresses. A beam-slab raft foundation design follows the same process as an inverted beam-slab roof.
1. Plate load tests are conducted to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of soil and settlement under a given load by applying loads to circular or square steel plates embedded in an excavated pit.
2. The test setup involves excavating a pit below the depth of the proposed foundation, placing the test plate with a central hole at the bottom, and applying load using a hydraulic jack while measuring settlement.
3. The results provide the subgrade modulus, ultimate bearing capacity divided by a safety factor to determine the safe bearing capacity, and insight into foundation behavior and allowable settlement for design.
Workability of concrete is defined as the ease and homogeneity with which a freshly mixed concrete or mortar can be mixed, placed, compacted and finished. Strictly, it is the amount of useful internal work necessary to produce 100% compaction.
This document describes procedures for three tests to assess the resistance of aggregates to mechanical degradation: the aggregate impact test, ten percent fines test, and aggregate crushing test. The tests involve placing aggregates in standardized molds and applying controlled impacts or loads to measure the amount of fines produced. The results indicate an aggregate's strength and suitability for uses like road bases that subject it to repeated mechanical stresses. Proper testing helps ensure aggregates meet specifications for withstanding wear in paving and quarrying equipment.
Plate load tests are used to determine the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement of soil. The test involves gradually loading a circular or square test plate placed in an excavated pit using a hydraulic jack. Dial gauges measure the settlement under each load increment. A load-settlement curve is generated, allowing engineers to determine the safe bearing capacity based on shear failure or permissible settlement. Results provide insight into foundation design and behavior for the site.
The document discusses laboratory soil compaction tests. It defines compaction as increasing the bulk density of soil by removing air through external compactive effort. An optimum water content exists where soil achieves maximum density. The document outlines standard and modified Proctor compaction tests and describes how to conduct the tests by compacting soil in layers using specified hammers and measuring dry density at different water contents. Compaction increases soil strength, stability and resistance to erosion while decreasing permeability and compressibility.
The document summarizes the plate load test, which determines the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement of soil under a given load. The test involves setting up a steel plate on the soil surface and applying a total load that is divided by the plate area to determine bearing capacity. Testing can be done via gravity or truss methods. Results are interpreted, but the test only reflects soil characteristics to twice the plate depth and doesn't indicate long-term settlements, particularly for cohesive soils. Values may also be conservative for large foundations in dense sands.
Sample calculation for design mix of concreteSagar Vekariya
This document provides details on designing a concrete mix with a characteristic compressive strength of 35 MPa at 28 days. The mix uses M35 grade cement, medium sand, and a coarse aggregate of 20mm angular gravel mixed with 10mm gravel in a 70:30 ratio. The mix design calculations determine a water-cement ratio of 0.40, a cement content of 370 kg/m3, and aggregate contents of 1150 kg/m3 for 20mm gravel and 345 kg/m3 for 10mm gravel. The final concrete mix is specified with weight proportions of cement, water, fine aggregate, 20mm coarse aggregate, 10mm coarse aggregate, and admixture.
This document describes the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, which is used to determine the strength of soils and granular materials for pavement design. The CBR test involves compacting a soil sample and measuring the penetration of a piston under increasing loads. The CBR value is the load required to penetrate the sample 2.5mm or 5mm divided by a standard load value. Higher CBR values indicate stronger soils suitable for supporting pavement layers. The document outlines the apparatus, test procedure, interpretation of results, and classification of subgrade strength based on CBR values.
This document provides the Indian standard methods for measuring building and civil engineering works, specifically for white washing, colour washing, distempering, and painting of building surfaces. It outlines general rules for measurement including clubbing items, dimensions, descriptions, bills of quantities, and classifications. It also describes how to measure various surfaces and treat openings, deductions, and uneven surfaces. Measurement is to be done in square meters to two decimal places.
This document is the Indian Standard Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part V - Formwork (Third Revision). It provides definitions and rules for the measurement of formwork used in construction projects. The standard classifies formwork into categories such as foundations, floors, walls, beams, columns and establishes methods for measurement based on surface area. Deductions and additions to measurements are also specified depending on the type and size of openings and features. The document aims to standardize formwork measurement practices across India.
Piles are deep foundations used to transfer structural loads through weak or wet soils to stronger soils below. Piles can be classified based on function (end bearing, friction, tension), material (concrete, timber, steel), or installation method (driven, cast-in-place). Key factors in pile design include soil properties, load types, and groundwater conditions. The ultimate load capacity of a pile considers end bearing and side friction, while the allowable load uses a factor of safety. Dynamic testing and soil parameters can be used to estimate pile capacities.
This document provides information about estimating and costing for construction projects. It discusses the need for estimation to determine project feasibility and cost, outlines the estimating process, and lists the key data required which includes drawings, specifications, and rates. Measurement rules and units for different construction items like earthwork, concrete, masonry, woodwork, and finishing works are also covered. The document emphasizes accurate measurement of work quantities as the basis for preparation of estimates.
Building planning byelaws & regulations as per SP-7, National Building Code of India group 1 to 5, planning of residential building: bungalows, row bungalows, apartments and twin bungalows, procedure of building permission, significance of commencement, plinth completion or occupancy certificate.
Soil exploration methods and soil investigation reportAnjana R Menon
Soil exploration involves site investigations through methods like boreholes, test pits, and geophysical tests. This provides critical information on ground conditions like soil type, bearing capacity, and water levels for foundation design of structures. The objectives are to evaluate soil properties, predict issues, ensure safety, and select suitable construction methods. A proper exploration program involves reconnaissance, preliminary, and sometimes detailed investigations using appropriate testing and sampling methods based on the project size and soil variability.
The document provides an introduction to the repair and rehabilitation of structures. It discusses factors contributing to damages in buildings from construction through use. Common causes of distress in concrete structures are then outlined, including construction errors, environmental factors, and chemical reactions. The objectives of conducting a condition survey of a distressed structure are presented, including identifying causes and assessing the extent of damage. The stages of a condition survey are described, beginning with a preliminary inspection, planning, visual inspection, and potentially field and laboratory testing. Classification of damage into different classes is also covered to help assess repair needs.
A method of testing soils by pressing a cone of standard dimensions into the soil under a known load and measuring the penetration. (extensive investigation and research in construction site).
Industrial Training Report of Construction Site in Civil EngineeringRAVI KUMAR
This document provides details about Ravi Kumar's industrial training project at Arete India Project Pvt Ltd. It includes an index, acknowledgements, introduction to the project, project details, construction process, machinery used, quantity estimations, quality control tests and more. The project involved the construction of a multi-story residential and commercial building project called Imperia Aashiyara with 26 towers and 1136 flats over 48 months. Key steps in the construction process and machinery used are described.
1) The document presents the results of an unconsolidated undrained (UU) triaxial test conducted by a group of 6 students on remolded soil specimens.
2) The UU test involves applying confining pressure to an unsaturated soil sample and shearing it undrained to determine the shear strength parameters. 3 tests were conducted at different confining pressures.
3) The first two tests yielded undrained shear strengths of 45.9 psi and 42.35 psi, while the third test gave a higher value of 55.39 psi, which may not be valid due to partial saturation of that sample.
A raft foundation is a large concrete slab that interfaces columns with the base soil. It can support storage tanks, equipment, or tower structures. There are different types including flat plate, plate with thickened columns, and waffle slab. The structural design uses conventional rigid or flexible methods. It involves determining soil pressures, load eccentricities, moment and shear diagrams for strips, punching shear sections, steel reinforcement, and checking stresses. A beam-slab raft foundation design follows the same process as an inverted beam-slab roof.
1. Plate load tests are conducted to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of soil and settlement under a given load by applying loads to circular or square steel plates embedded in an excavated pit.
2. The test setup involves excavating a pit below the depth of the proposed foundation, placing the test plate with a central hole at the bottom, and applying load using a hydraulic jack while measuring settlement.
3. The results provide the subgrade modulus, ultimate bearing capacity divided by a safety factor to determine the safe bearing capacity, and insight into foundation behavior and allowable settlement for design.
Workability of concrete is defined as the ease and homogeneity with which a freshly mixed concrete or mortar can be mixed, placed, compacted and finished. Strictly, it is the amount of useful internal work necessary to produce 100% compaction.
This document describes procedures for three tests to assess the resistance of aggregates to mechanical degradation: the aggregate impact test, ten percent fines test, and aggregate crushing test. The tests involve placing aggregates in standardized molds and applying controlled impacts or loads to measure the amount of fines produced. The results indicate an aggregate's strength and suitability for uses like road bases that subject it to repeated mechanical stresses. Proper testing helps ensure aggregates meet specifications for withstanding wear in paving and quarrying equipment.
Plate load tests are used to determine the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement of soil. The test involves gradually loading a circular or square test plate placed in an excavated pit using a hydraulic jack. Dial gauges measure the settlement under each load increment. A load-settlement curve is generated, allowing engineers to determine the safe bearing capacity based on shear failure or permissible settlement. Results provide insight into foundation design and behavior for the site.
The document discusses laboratory soil compaction tests. It defines compaction as increasing the bulk density of soil by removing air through external compactive effort. An optimum water content exists where soil achieves maximum density. The document outlines standard and modified Proctor compaction tests and describes how to conduct the tests by compacting soil in layers using specified hammers and measuring dry density at different water contents. Compaction increases soil strength, stability and resistance to erosion while decreasing permeability and compressibility.
The document summarizes the plate load test, which determines the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement of soil under a given load. The test involves setting up a steel plate on the soil surface and applying a total load that is divided by the plate area to determine bearing capacity. Testing can be done via gravity or truss methods. Results are interpreted, but the test only reflects soil characteristics to twice the plate depth and doesn't indicate long-term settlements, particularly for cohesive soils. Values may also be conservative for large foundations in dense sands.
Sample calculation for design mix of concreteSagar Vekariya
This document provides details on designing a concrete mix with a characteristic compressive strength of 35 MPa at 28 days. The mix uses M35 grade cement, medium sand, and a coarse aggregate of 20mm angular gravel mixed with 10mm gravel in a 70:30 ratio. The mix design calculations determine a water-cement ratio of 0.40, a cement content of 370 kg/m3, and aggregate contents of 1150 kg/m3 for 20mm gravel and 345 kg/m3 for 10mm gravel. The final concrete mix is specified with weight proportions of cement, water, fine aggregate, 20mm coarse aggregate, 10mm coarse aggregate, and admixture.
This document describes the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, which is used to determine the strength of soils and granular materials for pavement design. The CBR test involves compacting a soil sample and measuring the penetration of a piston under increasing loads. The CBR value is the load required to penetrate the sample 2.5mm or 5mm divided by a standard load value. Higher CBR values indicate stronger soils suitable for supporting pavement layers. The document outlines the apparatus, test procedure, interpretation of results, and classification of subgrade strength based on CBR values.
This document provides the Indian standard methods for measuring building and civil engineering works, specifically for white washing, colour washing, distempering, and painting of building surfaces. It outlines general rules for measurement including clubbing items, dimensions, descriptions, bills of quantities, and classifications. It also describes how to measure various surfaces and treat openings, deductions, and uneven surfaces. Measurement is to be done in square meters to two decimal places.
This document is the Indian Standard Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part V - Formwork (Third Revision). It provides definitions and rules for the measurement of formwork used in construction projects. The standard classifies formwork into categories such as foundations, floors, walls, beams, columns and establishes methods for measurement based on surface area. Deductions and additions to measurements are also specified depending on the type and size of openings and features. The document aims to standardize formwork measurement practices across India.
This document is the Indian Standard Methods of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part 8 Steelwork and Ironwork. It provides the standard methods for measuring steelwork and ironwork used in buildings and civil engineering projects. The standard covers 13 sections that classify and describe the measurement of various steel and iron items. This includes rolled sections, platework, reinforcement bars, tubular structures, gates, doors, ductwork and more. Dimensions are to be recorded to the nearest 0.001m and mass calculated based on dimensions and standards.
This document provides standards for measuring stone masonry work in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines how to measure and describe various stone masonry elements including general walling, random rubble walling, coursed walling, circular walling, footings, battered surfaces, eaves filling, and more. The document also specifies what should and should not be deducted from measurement calculations and provides guidance on measuring fireplaces, chimneys, pillars and stone nogging.
This document outlines standards and methods for measuring painting, polishing, varnishing and other similar works in building and civil engineering projects. It provides definitions and rules for measurement, including measuring in square meters, enumerating small items, and converting uneven surfaces to equivalent plain areas using multiplication factors. The document also specifies how to measure works on different types of surfaces, fabricated steel or iron works, small linear works, and repair works.
This document provides standards for measuring roof coverings (including cladding) for building and civil engineering works projects. It outlines:
1) Key terms and approaches to measurement including clubbing items, booking dimensions, and measuring areas to the nearest 0.01 square meters.
2) Specific requirements for measuring different roof covering materials like metal sheet roofings, asbestos cement roofing, and other elements. Dimensions are to be recorded to the nearest 0.01 meters.
3) Opening sizes that require deductions from measurement or enumeration of cutting work. Ridges, hips and valleys are to be measured along the central line in running meters.
This standard aims to unify measurement practices across different construction agencies
This document is the Indian Standard for the method of measurement of building and civil engineering works, specifically part XI which covers paving, floor finishes, dado and skirting. It provides definitions and guidelines for accurately measuring and describing various paving, flooring and finishing items. This includes measuring materials, dimensions, cuttings, special features and more. The standard aims to promote uniformity in measurement practices across different organizations for estimation, execution and payment of construction projects.
This document provides the Indian Standard method of measurement for ceiling and lining works in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines the general rules for measurement, including measuring dimensions to the nearest 0.01 m and areas to the nearest 0.01 m2. Various ceiling and lining items such as boarding, circular cutting, fillets, and insulation are to be measured separately according to specifications. No deductions are made for openings less than 0.4 m2 while deductions are made for larger openings.
This document provides the method of measurement for refractory work according to Indian Standard IS: 1200 (Part VI) - 1974. It outlines the general rules for measurement including measuring dimensions to the nearest 0.01 m and areas to the nearest 0.01 m2. Refractory work is generally measured in cubic meters, with deductions made for voids over 0.01 m2. Insulation materials and finishes are measured separately.
This document provides information on Indian Standard IS: 1200 (Part VII) - 1972, which outlines the method of measurement for hardware in buildings and civil engineering works. It establishes standards for measuring various types of hardware items based on their material, size, pattern, and method of fixing. The document lists the specific measurement methods for 33 different hardware items such as bolts, hinges, latches, locks, handles, and other fittings. It aims to standardize hardware measurement practices across different construction agencies and government departments in India.
This document provides the third revision of the Indian Standard IS 1200 (Part 14) from 1984 on the method of measurement of glazing in building and civil engineering works. It outlines the general rules for measurement including clubbing of items, booking dimensions, description of items, and measurements. It specifies that work will be measured in square meters stating the thickness. It provides details on measuring individual glass panes and different types of cutting. Amendments were made in 2002 to update clauses 3.1.1 and 3.2 related to measuring non-rectangular panes.
This document outlines Indian Standard IS:1200 (Part III) - 1976, which provides the method of measuring brickwork in buildings and civil engineering projects. It was last revised in 1976 to incorporate amendments from usage over the previous 5 years. The standard covers measuring brickwork items individually or grouped together, recording dimensions, and taking net measurements in decimal units of the completed brickwork in its fixed position. It aims to standardize measurement practices across different construction agencies and sectors in India.
This document provides a summary of an Indian Standard (IS 800:2007) that outlines general guidelines for steel construction. Some key points:
- IS 800 covers general construction using hot rolled steel sections joined by riveting, bolting, and welding.
- It provides guidance on loads to consider in design, referring to other standards for specifics on dead, live, snow, wind, and earthquake loads.
- Fabrication and erection requirements are general in nature to ensure minimum quality consistent with design assumptions.
- The standard was revised to update it based on the latest developments and state-of-the-art in steel construction technology.
- The revision incorporated limit state design principles and allowed
The document is the Indian Standard code for plain and reinforced concrete. It provides guidelines for concrete mix design, quality control, construction practices, and structural design using both working stress and limit state methods. The 2000 revision incorporates changes to improve durability, simplify acceptance criteria, include higher concrete grades, and provide more guidance on factors affecting long-term performance of concrete structures. It aims to harmonize with international standards while addressing developments in concrete technology.
This document provides guidelines for measuring stone masonry works in buildings and civil engineering projects. It outlines various considerations for measurement including general provisions, walling, pillars/columns, stone nogging, stone masonry in arches and vaults, underpinning, and levelling up. Key aspects covered are clubbing of items, booking dimensions, separate measurement for work in difficult conditions, and deductions or additions to be made during measurement.
This document provides the Indian standard method for measuring brickwork in buildings and civil engineering projects. It outlines various considerations and definitions for measurement including units of measurement, general requirements, and specific instructions for different types of brickwork. Key points include defining what is included in general brickwork, how to measure walls of varying thicknesses, openings and deductions, and special cases like fireplaces, pillars, and circular brickwork. The standard aims to promote uniform measurement practices across different construction agencies and projects in India.
This document provides standards for measuring concrete works in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines various categories of concrete works that should be measured separately, such as reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, precast and cast in situ concrete. Measurement units, deductions, and classification of concrete elements like foundations, walls, slabs, columns, beams etc. are described. The purpose is to standardize measurement practices across different agencies for accurate estimation, costing and payment.
This document provides the Indian Standard method for measuring acid resistant lining work in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines the general principles for measurement, including measuring to the nearest 0.01m and squaring off areas to 2 decimal places. It then describes the specific methods for measuring different types of acid resistant lining works, such as floors, drains, tanks with and without capping, rectangular and circular foundations. Curved surfaces, repairs and isolated small areas are to be described and measured separately.
This document provides a summary of the Indian Standard for the method of measurement of formwork for building and civil engineering works. It outlines various classifications and methods for measuring formwork, including foundations, flat surfaces, vertical surfaces, sloping surfaces, arches, shells and more. The summary defines key aspects of formwork and how it should be measured based on type, size and other factors.
This document provides guidelines for the design and construction of raft foundations. It discusses different types of raft foundations and factors to consider in the design such as allowable bearing pressure, depth of foundation, subsoil water pressure, properties of the supporting soil, rigidity of the foundation and superstructure, and methods of analysis. The main methods of analysis described are the conventional or rigid foundation method based on linear distribution of contact pressure, and simplified flexible foundation methods. Design parameters like modulus of elasticity and subgrade reaction are also addressed.
This document provides the summary of an Indian Standard code of practice for the design and construction of pile foundations. It specifically focuses on Section 2 which covers bored cast-in-situ concrete piles. Key points include:
1) It establishes terminology for bored cast-in-situ piles which are formed by excavating a hole in the ground and filling it with concrete, with or without a temporary casing.
2) It provides scope and covers the design and construction of bored concrete piles up to 2,500mm in diameter that transmit structural loads through end-bearing and/or shaft friction.
3) The standard references other related Indian Standards and international codes that were consulted in developing this practice.
IS 1200_1974_RF 2007_PART 2_CONCRETE WORK.pdfkaushal shah
The key points are:
1. The Parliament of India aims to provide citizens access to information held by public authorities to promote transparency and accountability.
2. The attached Bureau of Indian Standards publication on a public safety standard is being made publicly available as it is of particular interest to disadvantaged communities and those in education.
3. The standard is being disclosed to promote timely and accurate dissemination of this information
This document is the Indian Standard Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part V - Formwork (Third Revision). It provides definitions and rules for the measurement of formwork used in construction projects. The standard classifies formwork into categories such as foundations, floors, walls, beams, columns and establishes methods for measurement based on surface area. Deductions and additions to measurements are also specified depending on the type and size of openings and features. The document aims to standardize formwork measurement practices across India.
This document provides information on Indian Standard IS:2911 regarding the design and construction of pile foundations. It outlines the necessary members of the committee working on revising the standard. The standard covers driven precast concrete piles, providing guidance on pile design, construction methods, site investigation needs, and other relevant details. It aims to incorporate recent developments in pile foundation engineering practices in India.
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Sp 34-1987 handbook on reinforcement and detailingjemmabarsby
This document is a handbook on reinforcement and detailing published by the Bureau of Indian Standards. It provides information on different types of steel used for reinforcement in concrete, including mild steel, medium tensile steel, high strength deformed steel bars, and hard-drawn steel wire fabric. It specifies the requirements for each type of steel in terms of chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions and tolerances. The handbook also covers detailing functions, structural drawings, general detailing requirements, bar bending schedules, and detailing of different structural elements like foundations, columns, beams etc.
This document is a handbook on reinforcement and detailing produced by the Bureau of Indian Standards. It provides information on steel for reinforcement, including specifications for mild steel, medium tensile steel, high strength deformed steel bars, and hard-drawn steel wire fabric. It outlines the physical and mechanical properties required for different steel types, as well as tolerances for dimensions. The handbook serves as a companion to other documents on reinforced concrete, providing guidance on steel properties and specifications to inform proper reinforcement detailing.
This document provides the specification for cement concrete flooring tiles in India. It outlines the various types of tiles covered (plain cement, plain colored, terrazzo), classes based on duty (general purpose, heavy duty), materials used, dimensions, tolerances, testing methods, and other quality requirements. The revision updates certain provisions based on experience and comments received, including allowing a larger wearing layer thickness and modifying the abrasion resistance test method. It aims to improve quality while keeping requirements relevant to indigenous manufacturers.
This document provides the standard form and dimensions for bending and fixing reinforcement bars for concrete structures according to Indian Standard IS: 2502-1963. It specifies the symbols and approximate dimensions for bar bends, as well as the bending and fixing procedures. Tables are included that define the standard hook and bend allowances, curved bar radii, bending and cutting tolerances, and other key specifications for reinforcement bar fabrication according to this Indian code of practice.
The document describes Indian Standard code IS:2911 (Part I/Sec I) - 1979 which provides guidelines for the design and construction of driven cast in-situ concrete pile foundations. It covers necessary considerations for pile type, size, installation depth, load testing, and other factors based on site conditions and project requirements. Subsurface investigation data on soil properties, groundwater levels, and chemical testing is required to properly design and install pile foundations. The standard has been revised to incorporate recent developments and separate pile foundation types into distinct sections for ease of use.
This document provides the specification for concrete masonry units including hollow and solid concrete blocks. It defines key terms, specifies dimensions and tolerances for blocks, and classifies blocks into different grades based on their density and compressive strength. The standard aims to promote the use of concrete masonry in construction by specifying requirements for different types of blocks to allow for load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls as well as other applications.
This document provides guidelines for sampling and analyzing concrete. It discusses terminology related to concrete testing and outlines methods for sampling fresh concrete in the field. The document contains 3 sections - terminology, sampling fresh concrete, and sampling hardened concrete. It aims to standardize concrete testing methods to help ensure quality control and the performance of concrete structures.
28-5.21 Company Profile of Pyrmaid structural consultant.pptxBoopathi Yoganathan
Pyramid Structural Consultant provides structural design, building approval, and construction services. They have a team of experienced engineers and workers who use software like AutoCAD and STAAD to complete structural designs for RCC and steel buildings. Notable projects include the design of a G+1 residential building in Namakkal. They are located in Puduchatram, Namakkal and can be found on LinkedIn and Facebook.
This document provides a bonafide certificate for a project report on the study of mechanical properties of eco-friendly economic concrete. It certifies that the project was conducted by three students, M.Vineeth, Y.Boopathi, and P.Murali, in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Engineering degree from Kongu Engineering College. The project investigated replacing natural aggregates with steel slag aggregates and M-sand to produce more sustainable concrete. Tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity of concrete mixes with varying replacement levels.
The document describes an experimental investigation into the properties of concrete with different replacement percentages of natural aggregates with manufactured sand and steel slag. The methodology involves collecting cement, fine aggregates (natural sand and m-sand), coarse aggregates, and steel slag. The mix design for M20 grade concrete is calculated and concrete specimens are cast. The specimens are cured and then tested to determine their mechanical properties. The results are compared to those of conventional concrete to evaluate the suitability of manufactured sand and steel slag as partial replacements for natural aggregates in concrete.
The document discusses two methods for mesh refinement - the p-method and h-method. The p-method increases the order of the polynomial used in the finite element model, allowing for more accurate results without changing the mesh. The h-method reduces the size of elements to create a finer mesh, better approximating the real solution in areas of high stress gradients. Both methods aim to improve the accuracy of finite element analysis results, with the p-method doing so without requiring changes to the mesh.
This document provides guidance on using epoxy injection to repair cracks in concrete structures. The method involves drilling holes along cracks, injecting epoxy under pressure, and allowing it to seep into the cracks. It can repair cracks as small as 0.002 inches. Epoxy injection requires skilled workers and specialized equipment. While it can effectively repair cracks temporarily, the underlying issues causing the cracks may remain if not addressed.
An embedded system is a dedicated computer system that performs specific tasks. An important application of embedded systems is anti-lock braking systems (ABS) in automobiles. ABS uses sensors and electronic control modules to monitor wheel speed and automatically modulate brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup and maintain steering control during emergency braking. By preventing skidding, ABS can help drivers stop more safely and shorten stopping distances on wet or slippery surfaces compared to standard brakes. ABS works by pulsing the brakes rapidly when it detects a wheel is about to lock up, which allows the wheel to continue turning and maintaining traction with the road.
This document discusses past earthquakes in India and retrofitting techniques for masonry structures. It summarizes the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, which had a magnitude of 9.1-9.3 making it one of the largest ever recorded. Over 230,000 people were killed across 14 countries by the resulting tsunamis. The document then discusses failure modes of confined masonry walls and retrofitting techniques to improve seismic resistance, including adding horizontal reinforcement, improving wall density and tie columns. Key factors for seismic resistance of confined masonry structures are also summarized.
The document provides guidelines for selecting, splicing, installing, and protecting open cable ends for resistance-type measuring devices in concrete and masonry dams. It discusses cable specifications, approved splicing methods including vulcanized rubber splices, rubber sleeve covering, and self-bonding tape. It also covers cable and conduit selection, including choosing the proper conduit size based on the number and size of cables to be run. Proper installation techniques are outlined to protect cable runs within concrete structures.
This document provides information on an Indian Standard (IS) for a unified nomenclature of workmen for civil engineering. It was adopted in 1982 by the Indian Standards Institution Construction Management Sectional Committee. The standard aims to unify the different names used for workmen engaged in civil engineering works across India. It then lists the unified nomenclature for various types of workmen and for carts/animals commonly used in civil engineering works.
This document provides details on the design and construction of floors and roofs using precast reinforced or prestressed concrete ribbed or cored slab units. It specifies dimensions for the precast units, including widths up to 3000mm for ribbed units and 2100mm for cored units. It also provides requirements for material strengths, structural design considerations, and loads to be accounted for in design according to other relevant Indian Standards.
This document provides definitions for key terms related to concrete monolith structures used in port and harbour construction. It defines elements like the bottom plug, cutting edge, deck slab, dewatering, fascia wall, filling, kentledge, kerb, and monolith. A monolith is a large hollow rectangular or circular foundation sunk as an open caisson through various soil strata until reaching the desired founding level, at which point the bottom is plugged with concrete.
The document provides specifications for an apparatus used to measure the length change of hardened cement paste, mortar, and concrete. It describes the construction, dimensions, materials, and markings required for a length comparator, which uses a micrometer to measure the change in length of specimens against a reference bar. The length comparator consists of an adjustable frame that holds either a screw or dial micrometer and allows measurement of specimens of different lengths.
This document provides the code of practice for the design and construction of conical and hyperbolic paraboloidal shell foundations. It discusses the preliminary design considerations for shell foundations, including determining the soil design to proportion the foundation dimensions based on allowable bearing pressure and net loading intensity, as well as the structural design of the shell. It also provides figures illustrating reinforcement details for conical and hyperbolic paraboloidal shell foundations. The code covers the relevant terminology and information needed for design, and notes the membrane analysis approach is commonly used for structural design of shell foundations.
This document provides guidelines for designing drainage systems for earth and rockfill dams. It discusses key considerations like controlling pore pressures, internal erosion, and piping. The guidelines cover selecting appropriate drainage features based on the dam type and materials. Features discussed include inclined/vertical filters, horizontal filters, longitudinal and cross drains, transition zones, rock toes, and toe drains. Filter material criteria and design procedures are also outlined.
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This document provides guidelines for lime concrete lining of canals. It discusses materials used for lime concrete lining such as lime, sand, coarse aggregate and water. It also discusses preparation of subgrade for different soil types including expansive soils, rock and earth. Compaction methods are provided for different soil types. The document also discusses laying of concrete lining and provides specifications for lime concrete mix such as minimum compressive and flexural strength.
This document provides guidelines for structural design of cut and cover concrete conduits meant for transporting water. It outlines various installation conditions for underground conduits and describes how to calculate design loads from backfill pressure, internal/external water pressure, and concentrated surface loads. Design loads include vertical and lateral pressure from backfill based on fill material properties, hydrostatic pressure from water surcharge, and dispersed point loads accounting for fill height and conduit geometry. The conduit is to be designed for the most unfavorable combination of these loads. Recommended fill material properties and methods for load and stress analysis are also provided.
This document provides guidelines for installing and observing cross arms to measure internal vertical movement in earth dams. It describes the components of the mechanical cross arm installation including the base extension, cross arm units, spacer sections, and top section. It provides details on installing each component as the dam is constructed in rock-free or rocky soils. Observation involves using a measuring torpedo attached to a steel tape or cable to take settlement readings from the installed cross arm system.
This document provides guidelines for instrumentation of concrete and masonry dams. It outlines obligatory and optional measurements for dams, including uplift pressure, seepage, temperature, and displacement. Obligatory measurements include uplift pressure, seepage, temperature inside the dam, and displacement measurements using plumb lines or other methods. Optional measurements that may provide additional insights include stress, strain, pore pressure, and seismicity measurements. The document describes different types of measurements in detail and how they can be used to monitor dam performance and safety over time.
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1. IS : 1200 ( Part XII ) - 1976
(Realkued 1997 )
Indian Standard
r METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING
AND ClVIL ENGINEERING WORKS
PART XII PLASTERING AND POINTING
( Third Revision )
Fifth Reprint APRIL 1999
UDC 69’003’12 : 693’6+693’224
0 Copyright r976
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARC3
NEW DELHI 110002
Gr 3 June1976
2. P
IS t1200(PartXII)-X976
Indian Standard
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING
AND CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS
PART XII PLASTERING AND POINTING
( Third Revision )
Civil Works Measurement Sectional Committee, BDC 44
Chairman Representing
SHRI b . R. VAISH Central Public Works Department
Members
SHRI N. P. AORARYYA The Commissioner for the Port of Calcutta, Calcutta
SHRI K. D. ARCOT Engineers India Limited, New Delhi
SHBI T. V. SITARAM( Alternate)
SK~I B. G. BALJEKAR Hindustan Steel Works Construction Ltd, Calcutta
SHRIJ. DURAI RAJ ( A&mute 1
SHRI 9. &. BHASIN
CHIEF ENOINEER ( R&B )
SUPEBINTENDINO ENQINEER
( P&D ) ( Alfernate)
SHRI R. K. CHOUDRRY
SaBI I. P. PURI ( Alternate)
SHRI w. J. DAGAMA
SHRI V. B. DESAI
DIRECTOR,4RI
‘Institution of Surveyors, New Delhi
Public Works Department, Government of Andhra
Pradesh, Hyderabad
DIRECTOR( RATES & COSTS)
DIEPUTY DIRECTOR ( RATES
& Coma ) ( Alternate)
EXECUFWEENQINEER( PLANNINQ
&DESIC?NS), NQRTHERN
RAILWAY
SHRI P. N. GADI
SHRI G. V. HINUORANI
SERI G. K. C. IYENQAR
SIIRI EM.L. JAIN
SHRI S. L. KATHURIA
SHRI V. SIVAWRU ( Alternate
Bhakra Management Board, Nangal Township
Bombay Port Trust, Bombay
Hindustan Construction Co Ltd. Bornbav
Irrigation Department, Government of UttarPradesh,
Roorkee
Central Water Commission, New Delhi
Ministry of Railways
Institution of Engineers ( India ), Calcutta
Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
Heavy Engineering Corporation Ltd, Ranchi
The National Industrial Development Corporation
Ltd, New Delhi
)
Ministry of Shipping & Transport ( Roads Wing )
( Continuedon page 2 )
@ copvright 1976
BUREAU ~OF INDIAN STANDARDS
This publication is protected under the Indiaa Copyrighr Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright unz
ermission of the
er the said Act.
+
3. 18r1299(P~rt XII)-1976
( Continnedfrompage1 )
Members Refwscnting
SRRIH.K.KHOSLA Irrigation Department, Government of Hat-yana,
Chsndigarh
SHHIS.K.KO~E~TAR National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (SR) (Alternatc)
SHRI V. D.LoNDHF. Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SHRI N. C. DUGGAL ( Alternate )
SHR1K.K. MADHOK Builders’ Association of India, Bombay
&RI DATTA S.MALIK Indian Institute of Architects, Bombay
PROF IM. K. GODBOLE ( Alternate )
SHRIR.S.MuKTHY Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Ministry of Defence
SHRI V. G. PATWARDHAN (Alternate j
SHRIC.B.PATEL
SHRI B. C. PAT~L (Alternate )
Smr K. G. SAIIVI
M. N: Dastur & Co Private Ltd, Calcutta
Hindustan Housing Factory Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI G. B. SINCH (Alternate )
SHRI P.'. SATH3
Dn R. B. S~l;nn
SHRI S. SRINIV.~SAN
SDPERIYTENDING SmwaYoR OF
WORKS ( AXATION)
SURVEYOR OF ~~ORK(8 (I)
ATTACHED TO SSW
( AX-IATION) (Alternatc)
SUPERINTETDIXG SURVEYOR OF
Public Works Department, Government of Maha-
rashtra, Bombay
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Hindustan Steel Ltd, Ranchi
Central Public Works Department, New Deihi
Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
WORKS(~)
SURVF.YOR OF WORKS (I)
ATTACHED To SSW ( 1 ) (Akernate )
SRRI D. AJITHA SINHA, Director General, BIS ( Ex-o&o Mcmbtcr )
Director ( Civ Engg )
SHRI K.M. MATHUR
Deputy Director ( Civ Engg), BIS
2
4. IS:1200 (Part XII)-1976
Indian Standard
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING
AND CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS
PART XII PLASTERING AND POINTING
( Third Revision )
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( Part XII ) (Thir& Revision ) was adopted
by the Indian Standards Institution on 14 May 1976, after the draft
finalized by the Civil Works Measureqent Sectional Committee had
been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council.
0.2 Measurement occupies a very important place in ~planning and
execution of any civil engineering work from the time of first
estimates to final completion and settlement of payments of the project.
The methods followed for measurement are not uniTorm and consider-
able differences exist between practices followed by one construction
agency and another and also between various Central and State
Government departments. While it is recognized that each system of
measurement has to be specifically related to the administrative and
financial organizations within the department responsible for work, a
unification of the various systems at technical level has been accepted
as very desirable, specially as it permits a wider circle of operation for
civil qgineering contractors and eliminates ambiguities and mis-
understandings arising out of inadequate understanding of various
systems followed.
0.3 Among the various civil engineering items, measurement of ‘building
had been first to be taken up for standardization and this standard,
having provisions relating to all building works, was first published is
1958 and revised in 1964.
0.4 In the course of usage of this standard ( IS : 1200-1964* ) by various
construction agencies in the countiy, several clarifications and suggestion
for modifications were received and as a result of study, the Sections,
Committee decided that its scope, besides being applicable to buildinga
shall be expanded so as to cover civil engineering ~works like industrial
and river valley project works.
*iMethod of measurement of building works ( rcvisrd ).
5. IS t 1200 ( Part XII) - 1976
0.5 Since various trades are not related to one another, the Committee
decided that each type of trade as given in IS: 1200-1964’ be issued
separately as a different part which will be helpful to specific users in
various trade>. This part covering method of measurement of plastering
and pointing appiicable to building as well as civil engineering works
was, therefore, issued as a second revision in 1971.
0.6 In the course of use of this standard in the past five years based on
the suggestions received, certain amendments were issued to this
standard. This third revision also incorporates all those amendments.
0.7 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of
this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a measurement, shall be rounded off in
accordance with IS : 2-1960t. The number of significant places retained
in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified
value in this standard.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard ( Part XII ) covers the method
plastering and pointing for buildings and other civil
2. GENERAL RULES
of measurement of
engineering works.
2.1 Clubbing of Items-IItems may be clubbed together provided
detailed drawings or specifications or both are prepared for such items
and method of measurement is agreed to be on the basis stated in the
standard.
2.2 Booking of Dimensions-In booking of dimensions, the order
shall be consistent and generally in the sequence of length, breadth or
width and height or depth or thickness.
2.3 Description of Items--Description of each item shall, unless
.otherwise stated, be held to include, wherever necessary, conveyance;
delivery; handling; unloading; storing; necessary scaffolding; protective
cover; cleaning stains from floors, walls, return of packings, etc; and
other incidental changes.
2.4 Dimensions-- All work shall be measured net as executed in the
decimal system, as given below:
a) Dimensions shall be measured to the nearest 0.01 m, and
b) Areas shall be worked out to the nearest 0’01 ma.
*Method of measurement of building works ( mired ).
*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ).
4
6. IS: I200 (Parr XII ) - 1976
2.5 Bills of Qmntities - Items of work shall fully describe materials
and workmanship and accurately represent the work to be executed.
2.6 Preparatory Work- Preparatory work, such as raking out joints,
scarifying and cleaning, shall be included in the description of item
unless otherwise specified.
3. PLASTERING
3.1 Plaster work shall be classified according to the material used and
each classification shall be measured separately. The following parti-
culars shall be given for each classification:
4
b)
4
4
4
f>
3.1.1
Mix of mortar;
Number of coats and thickness of each coat;
Nature of surface treatment,
Nature of base;
Curved work, conical work, spherical work and eliptical work
stating the radius; and
Any special treatment of base.
Description shall include arrises, internal ’ rounded angles,
external chamfers and/or rounded angles not exceeding 80 mm in girth.
NOTE - For work exceeding 80 mm girth, scc3.4.
3.1.2 In case of fibrous plaster, particulars of methods of application
and of treatment of joints shall also be given.
3.1.3 Work in repairs shall be so described stating thickness of
dubbing, if any.
3.2 Plastering on roofs, ceilings and walls shall be measured separately.
3.3 Removing plaster by scraping or otherwise shall be measured
separately in square metres.
3.4 Plastering in isolated widths or in widths not forming part of general
plastering work ( as in bands, cornices, sunk, panels, etc) and in
chamfers, rounded angles exceeding 80 mm in girth shall be measured a~
below:
a) 30 cm or below in width/girth, in running metres; and
b) iVidth./girth above 30 cm in square metres.
3.5 Plastering at a height greater than 10 m above ground/datum level
shall be measured separately in stages of 5-m height except interior
plastering in case of building which shall be measured separately for
each storey.
5
7. W t1269 ( Part XII ) - 4976
3.6 All plastering shall be measured in square metres unless otherwise
described.
3.7 Cutting to edges shall De measured separately in running metres or
alternatively described and included in the item.
3.8 D&jnactions
3.8.1 For jambs, soffits, sills, etc; for openings not exceeding 0.5 m2
each in area, for ends of joists, beams, posts, girders, steps, etc, not
exceeding 65 ms each in area, and for openings exceeding 0’5 ma and
not exceeding 3 ma rin each area, deductions and additions shall be made
in the following manner:
a) No deduction shall be made for ends of joists, beams, posts, etc,
and openings not exceeding 0.5 ms each and no addition shall
be made for reveals, jambs, soffits, sills, etc, of these openings
nor for finish to plaster around ends of joists, beams, posts, etc.
b) Deductions for openings exceeding 0.5 m2 but not~exceeding 3 ma
each shall be made as follows and no addition shall be made for
reveals: jambs, soffits, sills, etc, of these openings:
1) When both faces of wall are plastered with same plaster,
deduction shall be made for one face only.
2) When two faces of wall are plastered with different types of
plaster or if one face is plastered and the other pointed,
deduction shall be made from the plaster or pointing on the
side on which width of reveals is less than that on the other
side but no deduction shall be made on the other side. Where
widths of reveals on both faces of wall are equal, deduction
of 50 percent of area of opening on each face shall be made
from areas of plaster and/or pointing as the case may be.
3) -When only one face is plastered and the other face is
not, full deduction shall be made from plaster if width of
reveal on plastered side is less than that on unplastered
side hut if widths of reveal on both sides are equal or
width of reveal on plastered side is more, no deduction shall
be made.
4) When width of door frame is equal to thickness of wall or
is projecting beyond thickness of wall, full deduction for
opening shall be made from each plastered face of the wall.
3.8.2 In case of openings of area above 3 m* each, deduction shall
be made for opening on each face but jambs., soffirs and sills shall be
measured.
NOTE-In calccdating areas of openings, the extra width of rebated reveals, if
any, shall be excluded.
6
8. IS 81200( Part XXI ) - 19%
3.9 Ceilings shall be measured between walls or Partitions and dimensions
before plastering shall be taken. Width covered by cornices or coves,
if any, shall be deducted.
3.10 Soffits of stairs shall be measured as plastering on ceilings.
Flewing soffits shall be measured separately.
3.11 Ribs and mouldings on ceilings shall be measured as for cornices
(see 3.4), deduction being made from plastering if width/girth exceeds
15 cm.
3.12 Measurement of wall plastering shall be taken between walls or
partitions (dimensions before plastering being taken) for length and
from top of floor or skirting to ceiling for height. Depth of cornices or
coves, if any, shall be deducted.
3.12.1 Sides of pilasters, ~projections, etc, shall be added to plaster on
walls.
3.12.2 Mouldings, architraves, ceiling ribs, cornices and the like
on pilasters and around openings, etc, shall be measured separately as
in 3.4.
3.13 Length shall be measured in running metres at the centre .of girth.
Girth shall be measured along curve of moulding.
3.14 Moulded cornices and coves shall be measured in square metres, the
area being arrived at by multiplying length by girth.
3.15 Forming letters or figures in plaster shall be enumerated stating the
height.
3.16 Plastering on lathing shall be measured separately stating the
number of coats and thickness of each coat.
3.16.1 Lathing shall be fully described and measured net; wood and
steel lathing shall be measured separately [see IS : 1200 ( Part XXI )-1973*
and IS: 1200 (Part VIII )-1974t] respectively.
3.16.2 Laps, gauge and mesh of steel lathing shall be stated, no
allowance being made for laps or cutting.
3.16.3 Size of laths, their distance apart and the kind of timber shall
be stated in the case of wood lathing.
3.16.4 Connector lathing shall be measured separately.
*Method of measurement of building and civil engiheering works: Part XXI
Woodwork and joinery ( second revision ).
tMethod of measurement of building and civil engineering works: Part VIII Steel
and iron work ( third revirion ).
7
9. IS: 1200 ( Part XII) - 1976
3.17 Plastering on honeycomb work shall be described and measured in
square metres on the basis of overall superficial area without deducting
openings.
4. POINTXNG
4.1 Proportions of materials shall be described. Varioustypes of pointing
shall be measured separately. Pointing on different types of walls,
floors, roofs, etc, shall be IrLeasured separately, Type and material of
surface to be pointed shall be described.
4.2 Pointing in single detached joints as for flashings shall be measured
in running metres.
4.3 Pointing brick and tile work with mortars of matching shades shall
be measured separately.
4.4 Pointing shall be measured in square metres.
4.5 Removing pointing by raking or otherwise shall be measured in
square metres.
4.6 Deductions
4.6.1 For jambs, soffits, sills, etc, for openings not exceeding 0.5 mr
each in area; for ends of joists, beams, posts, girders, steps, etc, no:
exceeding 0’5 ma each in area; and for openings exceeding 0.5 ma and
not exceeding 3 ma each, deductions and additions shall be made in the
following manner:
a) No deduction shall be made for ends of joists, beams, posts, etc.
and openings not exceeding 0.5 ms each, and no addition shall
be made for reveals, jambs, soffits, sills, etc, of these openings
nor ~for finish around ends of joists, beams, posts, etc.
b) Deductions for openings exceeding 0.5 m* but not exceeding
3 m2 each shall be made as follows and no addition shall be
made for reveals, j,ambs, s&its, sills, etc, of these ‘openings:
1) When both faces of wall are pointed with the same type of
pointing, deduction shall be made for one face only.
2) When two faces of wall are pointed with different types of
pointing or if one face is. plastered and the other pointed,
deduction shall be made in the plaster or pointing on the side
on which the width of. reveals is less than that on the other
side, but no deduction shall be made from plaster or pointing
on the other side. Where widths of reveals on both faces of
wall are equal, deduction of 50 percent of area of opening
on each face shall be made from areas of plastering and/or
pointing as the case may be.
8
10. 3)
4)
I
IS:1200( Part XII)- 1976
When width of door frame is equal to thickness of’wall or is
projecting beyond thickness of wall, full deduction for
opening shall be made from each pointed face of the wall.
When only one face is pointed and the other face is not
pointed, full deduction shall be made from pointing if width
of reveal on the pointed side is less than that on unpointed
side, but if widths of the reveals on both sides are equal or
width of reveal on pointed side is more, no deduction shall
be made nor any addition shall be made for reveals, jambs,
soffits, sills, etc.
4.6.2 In case of openings of area above 3 mz each, deduction shall be
nade for opening on each face but jambs, soffits and sills shall be
measured.
NOTE- In calculating are& of openings, extra width of rebated reveal, if any,
shall be excluded.
4.7 Raking-out joints shall be measured in square metres or
alternatively included in description of item.
4.7.1 Raking-out single detached joint shall be measured separately
fin-running metres.
4.8 Pointing on honey-comb work shall be described and measured in
square metres on the basis of overall superficial area without deducting
openings.