This document provides the Indian standard method for measuring brickwork in buildings and civil engineering projects. It outlines various considerations and definitions for measurement including units of measurement, general requirements, and specific instructions for different types of brickwork. Key points include defining what is included in general brickwork, how to measure walls of varying thicknesses, openings and deductions, and special cases like fireplaces, pillars, and circular brickwork. The standard aims to promote uniform measurement practices across different construction agencies and projects in India.
This document provides the method of measurement for refractory work according to Indian Standard IS: 1200 (Part VI) - 1974. It outlines the general rules for measurement including measuring dimensions to the nearest 0.01 m and areas to the nearest 0.01 m2. Refractory work is generally measured in cubic meters, with deductions made for voids over 0.01 m2. Insulation materials and finishes are measured separately.
This document outlines standards and methods for measuring painting, polishing, varnishing and other similar works in building and civil engineering projects. It provides definitions and rules for measurement, including measuring in square meters, enumerating small items, and converting uneven surfaces to equivalent plain areas using multiplication factors. The document also specifies how to measure works on different types of surfaces, fabricated steel or iron works, small linear works, and repair works.
This document provides standards for measuring roof coverings (including cladding) for building and civil engineering works projects. It outlines:
1) Key terms and approaches to measurement including clubbing items, booking dimensions, and measuring areas to the nearest 0.01 square meters.
2) Specific requirements for measuring different roof covering materials like metal sheet roofings, asbestos cement roofing, and other elements. Dimensions are to be recorded to the nearest 0.01 meters.
3) Opening sizes that require deductions from measurement or enumeration of cutting work. Ridges, hips and valleys are to be measured along the central line in running meters.
This standard aims to unify measurement practices across different construction agencies
This document is the Indian Standard for the method of measurement of building and civil engineering works, specifically part XI which covers paving, floor finishes, dado and skirting. It provides definitions and guidelines for accurately measuring and describing various paving, flooring and finishing items. This includes measuring materials, dimensions, cuttings, special features and more. The standard aims to promote uniformity in measurement practices across different organizations for estimation, execution and payment of construction projects.
This document provides the Indian Standard method of measurement for ceiling and lining works in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines the general rules for measurement, including measuring dimensions to the nearest 0.01 m and areas to the nearest 0.01 m2. Various ceiling and lining items such as boarding, circular cutting, fillets, and insulation are to be measured separately according to specifications. No deductions are made for openings less than 0.4 m2 while deductions are made for larger openings.
This document provides information on Indian Standard IS: 1200 (Part VII) - 1972, which outlines the method of measurement for hardware in buildings and civil engineering works. It establishes standards for measuring various types of hardware items based on their material, size, pattern, and method of fixing. The document lists the specific measurement methods for 33 different hardware items such as bolts, hinges, latches, locks, handles, and other fittings. It aims to standardize hardware measurement practices across different construction agencies and government departments in India.
This document provides the Indian standard methods for measuring building and civil engineering works, specifically for white washing, colour washing, distempering, and painting of building surfaces. It outlines general rules for measurement including clubbing items, dimensions, descriptions, bills of quantities, and classifications. It also describes how to measure various surfaces and treat openings, deductions, and uneven surfaces. Measurement is to be done in square meters to two decimal places.
This document provides the third revision of the Indian Standard IS 1200 (Part 14) from 1984 on the method of measurement of glazing in building and civil engineering works. It outlines the general rules for measurement including clubbing of items, booking dimensions, description of items, and measurements. It specifies that work will be measured in square meters stating the thickness. It provides details on measuring individual glass panes and different types of cutting. Amendments were made in 2002 to update clauses 3.1.1 and 3.2 related to measuring non-rectangular panes.
This document provides the method of measurement for refractory work according to Indian Standard IS: 1200 (Part VI) - 1974. It outlines the general rules for measurement including measuring dimensions to the nearest 0.01 m and areas to the nearest 0.01 m2. Refractory work is generally measured in cubic meters, with deductions made for voids over 0.01 m2. Insulation materials and finishes are measured separately.
This document outlines standards and methods for measuring painting, polishing, varnishing and other similar works in building and civil engineering projects. It provides definitions and rules for measurement, including measuring in square meters, enumerating small items, and converting uneven surfaces to equivalent plain areas using multiplication factors. The document also specifies how to measure works on different types of surfaces, fabricated steel or iron works, small linear works, and repair works.
This document provides standards for measuring roof coverings (including cladding) for building and civil engineering works projects. It outlines:
1) Key terms and approaches to measurement including clubbing items, booking dimensions, and measuring areas to the nearest 0.01 square meters.
2) Specific requirements for measuring different roof covering materials like metal sheet roofings, asbestos cement roofing, and other elements. Dimensions are to be recorded to the nearest 0.01 meters.
3) Opening sizes that require deductions from measurement or enumeration of cutting work. Ridges, hips and valleys are to be measured along the central line in running meters.
This standard aims to unify measurement practices across different construction agencies
This document is the Indian Standard for the method of measurement of building and civil engineering works, specifically part XI which covers paving, floor finishes, dado and skirting. It provides definitions and guidelines for accurately measuring and describing various paving, flooring and finishing items. This includes measuring materials, dimensions, cuttings, special features and more. The standard aims to promote uniformity in measurement practices across different organizations for estimation, execution and payment of construction projects.
This document provides the Indian Standard method of measurement for ceiling and lining works in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines the general rules for measurement, including measuring dimensions to the nearest 0.01 m and areas to the nearest 0.01 m2. Various ceiling and lining items such as boarding, circular cutting, fillets, and insulation are to be measured separately according to specifications. No deductions are made for openings less than 0.4 m2 while deductions are made for larger openings.
This document provides information on Indian Standard IS: 1200 (Part VII) - 1972, which outlines the method of measurement for hardware in buildings and civil engineering works. It establishes standards for measuring various types of hardware items based on their material, size, pattern, and method of fixing. The document lists the specific measurement methods for 33 different hardware items such as bolts, hinges, latches, locks, handles, and other fittings. It aims to standardize hardware measurement practices across different construction agencies and government departments in India.
This document provides the Indian standard methods for measuring building and civil engineering works, specifically for white washing, colour washing, distempering, and painting of building surfaces. It outlines general rules for measurement including clubbing items, dimensions, descriptions, bills of quantities, and classifications. It also describes how to measure various surfaces and treat openings, deductions, and uneven surfaces. Measurement is to be done in square meters to two decimal places.
This document provides the third revision of the Indian Standard IS 1200 (Part 14) from 1984 on the method of measurement of glazing in building and civil engineering works. It outlines the general rules for measurement including clubbing of items, booking dimensions, description of items, and measurements. It specifies that work will be measured in square meters stating the thickness. It provides details on measuring individual glass panes and different types of cutting. Amendments were made in 2002 to update clauses 3.1.1 and 3.2 related to measuring non-rectangular panes.
This document is the Indian Standard Methods of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part 8 Steelwork and Ironwork. It provides the standard methods for measuring steelwork and ironwork used in buildings and civil engineering projects. The standard covers 13 sections that classify and describe the measurement of various steel and iron items. This includes rolled sections, platework, reinforcement bars, tubular structures, gates, doors, ductwork and more. Dimensions are to be recorded to the nearest 0.001m and mass calculated based on dimensions and standards.
This document provides standards for measuring plastering and pointing work for buildings and civil engineering projects. It outlines how to classify, describe and measure different types of plastering based on materials used and number of coats. Plastering on walls, ceilings and roofs is to be measured separately. Isolated widths of plaster like bands and cornices less than 30cm wide are measured in running meters, while those over 30cm wide are in square meters. Plastering heights over 10m are also measured separately in 5m stages. Cutting to edges may be separately measured or included in item descriptions.
This document outlines Indian Standard IS:1200 (Part III) - 1976, which provides the method of measuring brickwork in buildings and civil engineering projects. It was last revised in 1976 to incorporate amendments from usage over the previous 5 years. The standard covers measuring brickwork items individually or grouped together, recording dimensions, and taking net measurements in decimal units of the completed brickwork in its fixed position. It aims to standardize measurement practices across different construction agencies and sectors in India.
This document provides standards for measuring stone masonry work in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines how to measure and describe various stone masonry elements including general walling, random rubble walling, coursed walling, circular walling, footings, battered surfaces, eaves filling, and more. The document also specifies what should and should not be deducted from measurement calculations and provides guidance on measuring fireplaces, chimneys, pillars and stone nogging.
This document provides the Indian Standard method for measuring acid resistant lining work in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines the general principles for measurement, including measuring to the nearest 0.01m and squaring off areas to 2 decimal places. It then describes the specific methods for measuring different types of acid resistant lining works, such as floors, drains, tanks with and without capping, rectangular and circular foundations. Curved surfaces, repairs and isolated small areas are to be described and measured separately.
This document outlines the Indian Standard method for measuring concrete works in building and civil engineering projects. It provides the scope, general rules, and describes the items to be included in measurement. The standard aims to unify different measurement systems used across construction agencies and government departments in India to eliminate ambiguities and issues arising from a lack of understanding of various practices. It covers measurement of concrete works applicable to structures like buildings, bridges, industrial facilities, and more.
The document provides guidelines for selecting, splicing, installing, and protecting open cable ends for resistance-type measuring devices in concrete and masonry dams. It discusses cable specifications, approved splicing methods including vulcanized rubber splices, rubber sleeve covering, and self-bonding tape. It also covers cable and conduit selection, including choosing the proper conduit size based on the number and size of cables to be run. Proper installation techniques are outlined to protect cable runs within concrete structures.
This document provides the specifications for portable swing weighbatchers used for weighing concrete materials like sand, aggregate and cement. It outlines the key components of single and double bucket weighbatchers including the chassis, swing carriage, weigh buckets, weighing mechanism and wheels. The document specifies material and construction requirements, size and capacity details, and performance standards for weighbatchers. Tolerances of 1% or less for weighing accuracy are required under normal operating conditions.
This document is the Indian Standard Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part V - Formwork (Third Revision). It provides definitions and rules for the measurement of formwork used in construction projects. The standard classifies formwork into categories such as foundations, floors, walls, beams, columns and establishes methods for measurement based on surface area. Deductions and additions to measurements are also specified depending on the type and size of openings and features. The document aims to standardize formwork measurement practices across India.
This document outlines testing methods to evaluate bond strength between concrete and reinforcing bars. It describes procedures for pull-out tests using concrete cubes with embedded reinforcing bars. Specimen sizes are based on bar diameters up to 25mm being tested in 150mm cubes, and larger bars in 225mm cubes. Apparatus includes molds, dial micrometers to measure slip, and a testing machine capable of pulling the bar at a specified rate while measuring slip.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This 3-sentence summary provides an overview of the key details from the document:
The document is an Indian Standard from 1992 that outlines a method of measurement for earthwork done by mechanical appliances like tractors, dozers, and scrapers in building and civil engineering works. It establishes classifications for different types of soils, general rules for measurement, and methods for measuring excavation, embankments, leads, lifts, and removing trees. The standard aims to provide a uniform methodology for measuring earthwork performed using mechanical equipment.
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to analyze air flow in a two-pass smooth square channel with a 180-degree turn. Simulations were performed using Gambit and Fluent software at Reynolds numbers from 10,000 to 60,000. Results for mass flow rate and heat transfer rate were compared to experimental data. Turbulence models like k-ε, k-ω, and Reynolds stress were used to simulate turbulent flow conditions.
This document provides unit weights and mass values for various building materials and stored materials that can be used to calculate dead loads in structural design. It includes two tables: Table 1 lists unit weights for 55 common building materials like concrete, steel, bricks, wood etc. in either kg/m3 or kN/m3. Table 2 lists unit weights for 9 building components like ceilings, walls, floors etc. in kg/m3. An appendix lists unit weights for 38 stored materials typically found in buildings like chemicals, fuels, metals, textiles etc.
This document provides guidelines for imposed loads, or live loads, to be considered in structural design of buildings in India. It outlines minimum load values for floors, roofs, parapets, and other building elements, based on intended occupancy and use. Load values are specified for common occupancies like residential, offices, stores, and more. The guidelines also address load reduction for vertical members, posting required floor capacities, and other considerations like impact loads and vibration effects. The objective is to ensure structural safety of buildings while avoiding overdesign through excessive assumed loading.
This document is the Indian Standard code of practice for design loads due to snow for buildings and structures. It provides notations, definitions, and guidelines for determining snow loads on roofs based on snow load on the ground. Shape coefficients are given for various common roof types and configurations to account for snow accumulation and redistribution effects. The coefficients range from 0.8 to 2.0 depending on the roof slope, curvature, number of levels, and other geometric factors. Guidance is also given for adjusting the coefficients in areas exposed to strong winds.
This document provides guidelines for designing foundations for rotary machines of low frequency (below 1,500 rpm), such as crushers, pumps, motor generators, compressors, and rolling mill stands. It discusses typical foundation designs for a crushing mill, primary air fan, and instrument air compressor. The document also lists necessary data that should be obtained from machine manufacturers, such as mass, loading points, anchor bolt details, speeds, and unbalanced forces. Foundation design requires coordination between different engineering disciplines to achieve satisfactory performance, operation, economy, and appearance.
This document outlines specifications for reinforced concrete dust bins in India, including:
- Dimensions and reinforcement requirements for circular and square bins of various sizes
- Minimum concrete thicknesses and reinforcement based on bin size
- Door, lid, and drainage hole requirements
- Marking information to be included on each bin
The specifications are intended to standardize dust bin construction across municipalities and organizations in India. Precise dimensions, materials, and construction details are provided to guide manufacturers.
Judgments on section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996Legal
This is the compilation of judgments delivered by the Hon'ble Supreme Court and Hon'ble High Courts on Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996
This document provides the code of practice for general construction in steel in India. It outlines materials used in steel construction like structural steel, rivets, welding consumables, bolts etc. It describes general design requirements for steel structures including types of loads, temperature effects, geometrical properties, holes, corrosion protection, increase of stresses etc. It provides guidelines for design of various steel structural elements like tension members, compression members, members subjected to bending, beams, plate girders, box girders, purlins and sheeting rails. The document is intended to ensure the safe and economic design, fabrication and erection of steel structures in India.
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Thank you for the detailed summary of the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. This will help provide important context and an overview of the key aspects of the Act.
This document is the Indian Standard Methods of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part 8 Steelwork and Ironwork. It provides the standard methods for measuring steelwork and ironwork used in buildings and civil engineering projects. The standard covers 13 sections that classify and describe the measurement of various steel and iron items. This includes rolled sections, platework, reinforcement bars, tubular structures, gates, doors, ductwork and more. Dimensions are to be recorded to the nearest 0.001m and mass calculated based on dimensions and standards.
This document provides standards for measuring plastering and pointing work for buildings and civil engineering projects. It outlines how to classify, describe and measure different types of plastering based on materials used and number of coats. Plastering on walls, ceilings and roofs is to be measured separately. Isolated widths of plaster like bands and cornices less than 30cm wide are measured in running meters, while those over 30cm wide are in square meters. Plastering heights over 10m are also measured separately in 5m stages. Cutting to edges may be separately measured or included in item descriptions.
This document outlines Indian Standard IS:1200 (Part III) - 1976, which provides the method of measuring brickwork in buildings and civil engineering projects. It was last revised in 1976 to incorporate amendments from usage over the previous 5 years. The standard covers measuring brickwork items individually or grouped together, recording dimensions, and taking net measurements in decimal units of the completed brickwork in its fixed position. It aims to standardize measurement practices across different construction agencies and sectors in India.
This document provides standards for measuring stone masonry work in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines how to measure and describe various stone masonry elements including general walling, random rubble walling, coursed walling, circular walling, footings, battered surfaces, eaves filling, and more. The document also specifies what should and should not be deducted from measurement calculations and provides guidance on measuring fireplaces, chimneys, pillars and stone nogging.
This document provides the Indian Standard method for measuring acid resistant lining work in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines the general principles for measurement, including measuring to the nearest 0.01m and squaring off areas to 2 decimal places. It then describes the specific methods for measuring different types of acid resistant lining works, such as floors, drains, tanks with and without capping, rectangular and circular foundations. Curved surfaces, repairs and isolated small areas are to be described and measured separately.
This document outlines the Indian Standard method for measuring concrete works in building and civil engineering projects. It provides the scope, general rules, and describes the items to be included in measurement. The standard aims to unify different measurement systems used across construction agencies and government departments in India to eliminate ambiguities and issues arising from a lack of understanding of various practices. It covers measurement of concrete works applicable to structures like buildings, bridges, industrial facilities, and more.
The document provides guidelines for selecting, splicing, installing, and protecting open cable ends for resistance-type measuring devices in concrete and masonry dams. It discusses cable specifications, approved splicing methods including vulcanized rubber splices, rubber sleeve covering, and self-bonding tape. It also covers cable and conduit selection, including choosing the proper conduit size based on the number and size of cables to be run. Proper installation techniques are outlined to protect cable runs within concrete structures.
This document provides the specifications for portable swing weighbatchers used for weighing concrete materials like sand, aggregate and cement. It outlines the key components of single and double bucket weighbatchers including the chassis, swing carriage, weigh buckets, weighing mechanism and wheels. The document specifies material and construction requirements, size and capacity details, and performance standards for weighbatchers. Tolerances of 1% or less for weighing accuracy are required under normal operating conditions.
This document is the Indian Standard Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part V - Formwork (Third Revision). It provides definitions and rules for the measurement of formwork used in construction projects. The standard classifies formwork into categories such as foundations, floors, walls, beams, columns and establishes methods for measurement based on surface area. Deductions and additions to measurements are also specified depending on the type and size of openings and features. The document aims to standardize formwork measurement practices across India.
This document outlines testing methods to evaluate bond strength between concrete and reinforcing bars. It describes procedures for pull-out tests using concrete cubes with embedded reinforcing bars. Specimen sizes are based on bar diameters up to 25mm being tested in 150mm cubes, and larger bars in 225mm cubes. Apparatus includes molds, dial micrometers to measure slip, and a testing machine capable of pulling the bar at a specified rate while measuring slip.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This 3-sentence summary provides an overview of the key details from the document:
The document is an Indian Standard from 1992 that outlines a method of measurement for earthwork done by mechanical appliances like tractors, dozers, and scrapers in building and civil engineering works. It establishes classifications for different types of soils, general rules for measurement, and methods for measuring excavation, embankments, leads, lifts, and removing trees. The standard aims to provide a uniform methodology for measuring earthwork performed using mechanical equipment.
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to analyze air flow in a two-pass smooth square channel with a 180-degree turn. Simulations were performed using Gambit and Fluent software at Reynolds numbers from 10,000 to 60,000. Results for mass flow rate and heat transfer rate were compared to experimental data. Turbulence models like k-ε, k-ω, and Reynolds stress were used to simulate turbulent flow conditions.
This document provides unit weights and mass values for various building materials and stored materials that can be used to calculate dead loads in structural design. It includes two tables: Table 1 lists unit weights for 55 common building materials like concrete, steel, bricks, wood etc. in either kg/m3 or kN/m3. Table 2 lists unit weights for 9 building components like ceilings, walls, floors etc. in kg/m3. An appendix lists unit weights for 38 stored materials typically found in buildings like chemicals, fuels, metals, textiles etc.
This document provides guidelines for imposed loads, or live loads, to be considered in structural design of buildings in India. It outlines minimum load values for floors, roofs, parapets, and other building elements, based on intended occupancy and use. Load values are specified for common occupancies like residential, offices, stores, and more. The guidelines also address load reduction for vertical members, posting required floor capacities, and other considerations like impact loads and vibration effects. The objective is to ensure structural safety of buildings while avoiding overdesign through excessive assumed loading.
This document is the Indian Standard code of practice for design loads due to snow for buildings and structures. It provides notations, definitions, and guidelines for determining snow loads on roofs based on snow load on the ground. Shape coefficients are given for various common roof types and configurations to account for snow accumulation and redistribution effects. The coefficients range from 0.8 to 2.0 depending on the roof slope, curvature, number of levels, and other geometric factors. Guidance is also given for adjusting the coefficients in areas exposed to strong winds.
This document provides guidelines for designing foundations for rotary machines of low frequency (below 1,500 rpm), such as crushers, pumps, motor generators, compressors, and rolling mill stands. It discusses typical foundation designs for a crushing mill, primary air fan, and instrument air compressor. The document also lists necessary data that should be obtained from machine manufacturers, such as mass, loading points, anchor bolt details, speeds, and unbalanced forces. Foundation design requires coordination between different engineering disciplines to achieve satisfactory performance, operation, economy, and appearance.
This document outlines specifications for reinforced concrete dust bins in India, including:
- Dimensions and reinforcement requirements for circular and square bins of various sizes
- Minimum concrete thicknesses and reinforcement based on bin size
- Door, lid, and drainage hole requirements
- Marking information to be included on each bin
The specifications are intended to standardize dust bin construction across municipalities and organizations in India. Precise dimensions, materials, and construction details are provided to guide manufacturers.
Judgments on section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996Legal
This is the compilation of judgments delivered by the Hon'ble Supreme Court and Hon'ble High Courts on Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996
This document provides the code of practice for general construction in steel in India. It outlines materials used in steel construction like structural steel, rivets, welding consumables, bolts etc. It describes general design requirements for steel structures including types of loads, temperature effects, geometrical properties, holes, corrosion protection, increase of stresses etc. It provides guidelines for design of various steel structural elements like tension members, compression members, members subjected to bending, beams, plate girders, box girders, purlins and sheeting rails. The document is intended to ensure the safe and economic design, fabrication and erection of steel structures in India.
come and join AFTERSCHOOOL and let us together change the world in positive direction. Come and join AFTERSCHOOOL for making people social entrepreneurs
Thank you for the detailed summary of the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. This will help provide important context and an overview of the key aspects of the Act.
The Minimum Wages Act 1948 was passed to protect unorganized workers in certain industries by setting minimum wage rates. The appropriate government is empowered to fix minimum wages for scheduled employments where exploitation of labor is prevalent. Minimum wages include a basic rate with or without a cost of living allowance, or a basic rate with concessions for essential commodities. Employers must pay wages in cash but may provide essential commodities at concessional rates. Employers cannot make deductions from wages except as allowed by rules and are required to maintain registers and records of wages paid.
The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 aims to protect unorganized workers from exploitation by mandating minimum wages. Key points:
- It allows the government to set minimum wages for scheduled employments where workers are vulnerable to exploitation. Minimum wages must ensure subsistence as well as efficiency.
- Minimum wages are set based on ethics, not economics, and must be paid regardless of industry capacity. Industries unable to pay minimum wages must shut down.
- The Act defines wages and employees covered. It outlines procedures for fixing and revising minimum wages and ensures payment of minimum wages for overtime, piecework, and incomplete workdays.
- Penalties are prescribed for paying less than minimum wages. Compensation of up
The Minimum Wages Act of 1948 was passed to protect unorganized workers in certain industries by establishing minimum wage rates. The Act aims to ensure wages are enough not just for a worker's subsistence but to maintain their work efficiency. It empowers the appropriate government to fix minimum wages for scheduled employments where exploitation is common. Key objectives include preventing exploitation, empowering governments to set and revise wages regularly, and applying the law widely in organized sectors. The Act outlines procedures for fixing and revising wages every five years and establishes advisory boards. It regulates payment and overtime wages, and penalties are prescribed for paying less than minimum wage.
The Payment of Wages Act, 1936 regulates the payment of wages to certain classes of employed persons in India. It aims to ensure that wages are paid in a timely manner and deductions are only made as permitted under the law. The key aspects covered are:
1) It applies to persons employed in factories, transport services, mines and plantations.
2) Wages must be paid in current coins, currency notes or by cheque/bank credit within 7-10 days of the following month.
3) Only certain permitted deductions can be made for things like taxes, loans, damages or absence from work.
4) Authorities like Labour Commissioners are empowered to hear claims regarding unpaid wages or wrong
The document summarizes the key aspects of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 in India. It outlines the applicability of the Act, definitions, responsibilities for wage payment, fixation of wage periods at a maximum of one month, timelines for payment within 7-10 days of the wage period, methods of payment, authorized deductions including fines and loans, and procedures for appeals. The purpose of the Act is to ensure timely and full payment of wages to employees without unauthorized deductions.
Shweta Pagedar will present on the objectives of the Act, historical backdrop, broad features, who is eligible, sections 1-4 and segregation of topics. Jaymeen Bhalgamadia will present on sections 5, 7-14, 17, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27-29. Lalit Bourasi will present on state amendments and recent cases.
The document discusses various modes of transportation in India. It outlines that historically transportation included walking, bullock carts, and bicycles. Modern transportation is dominated by railways, roads, and waterways. Railways carry over 30 million passengers daily and are a major employer. National highways span over 66,000 km but nearly half remain two lanes. Air travel connects over 80 cities but remains more expensive. Inland waterways offer potential for cargo transport on rivers and canals across several states.
This document provides guidelines for measuring stone masonry works in buildings and civil engineering projects. It outlines various considerations for measurement including general provisions, walling, pillars/columns, stone nogging, stone masonry in arches and vaults, underpinning, and levelling up. Key aspects covered are clubbing of items, booking dimensions, separate measurement for work in difficult conditions, and deductions or additions to be made during measurement.
This document provides standards for measuring concrete works in building and civil engineering projects. It outlines various categories of concrete works that should be measured separately, such as reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, precast and cast in situ concrete. Measurement units, deductions, and classification of concrete elements like foundations, walls, slabs, columns, beams etc. are described. The purpose is to standardize measurement practices across different agencies for accurate estimation, costing and payment.
This document provides a summary of the Indian Standard for the method of measurement of formwork for building and civil engineering works. It outlines various classifications and methods for measuring formwork, including foundations, flat surfaces, vertical surfaces, sloping surfaces, arches, shells and more. The summary defines key aspects of formwork and how it should be measured based on type, size and other factors.
This document provides guidelines for the design and construction of raft foundations. It discusses different types of raft foundations and factors to consider in the design such as allowable bearing pressure, depth of foundation, subsoil water pressure, properties of the supporting soil, rigidity of the foundation and superstructure, and methods of analysis. The main methods of analysis described are the conventional or rigid foundation method based on linear distribution of contact pressure, and simplified flexible foundation methods. Design parameters like modulus of elasticity and subgrade reaction are also addressed.
This document is the Indian Standard Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works Part V - Formwork (Third Revision). It provides definitions and rules for the measurement of formwork used in construction projects. The standard classifies formwork into categories such as foundations, floors, walls, beams, columns and establishes methods for measurement based on surface area. Deductions and additions to measurements are also specified depending on the type and size of openings and features. The document aims to standardize formwork measurement practices across India.
IS 1200_1974_RF 2007_PART 2_CONCRETE WORK.pdfkaushal shah
The key points are:
1. The Parliament of India aims to provide citizens access to information held by public authorities to promote transparency and accountability.
2. The attached Bureau of Indian Standards publication on a public safety standard is being made publicly available as it is of particular interest to disadvantaged communities and those in education.
3. The standard is being disclosed to promote timely and accurate dissemination of this information
This document provides the summary of an Indian Standard code of practice for the design and construction of pile foundations. It specifically focuses on Section 2 which covers bored cast-in-situ concrete piles. Key points include:
1) It establishes terminology for bored cast-in-situ piles which are formed by excavating a hole in the ground and filling it with concrete, with or without a temporary casing.
2) It provides scope and covers the design and construction of bored concrete piles up to 2,500mm in diameter that transmit structural loads through end-bearing and/or shaft friction.
3) The standard references other related Indian Standards and international codes that were consulted in developing this practice.
This document provides information on Indian Standard IS:2911 regarding the design and construction of pile foundations. It outlines the necessary members of the committee working on revising the standard. The standard covers driven precast concrete piles, providing guidance on pile design, construction methods, site investigation needs, and other relevant details. It aims to incorporate recent developments in pile foundation engineering practices in India.
This document provides the standard form and dimensions for bending and fixing reinforcement bars for concrete structures according to Indian Standard IS: 2502-1963. It specifies the symbols and approximate dimensions for bar bends, as well as the bending and fixing procedures. Tables are included that define the standard hook and bend allowances, curved bar radii, bending and cutting tolerances, and other key specifications for reinforcement bar fabrication according to this Indian code of practice.
Sp 34-1987 handbook on reinforcement and detailingjemmabarsby
This document is a handbook on reinforcement and detailing published by the Bureau of Indian Standards. It provides information on different types of steel used for reinforcement in concrete, including mild steel, medium tensile steel, high strength deformed steel bars, and hard-drawn steel wire fabric. It specifies the requirements for each type of steel in terms of chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions and tolerances. The handbook also covers detailing functions, structural drawings, general detailing requirements, bar bending schedules, and detailing of different structural elements like foundations, columns, beams etc.
This document is a handbook on reinforcement and detailing produced by the Bureau of Indian Standards. It provides information on steel for reinforcement, including specifications for mild steel, medium tensile steel, high strength deformed steel bars, and hard-drawn steel wire fabric. It outlines the physical and mechanical properties required for different steel types, as well as tolerances for dimensions. The handbook serves as a companion to other documents on reinforced concrete, providing guidance on steel properties and specifications to inform proper reinforcement detailing.
This document provides the code of practice for constructing hollow concrete block masonry walls in India. It outlines the materials used such as hollow concrete blocks, cement, lime, sand and water. It provides specifications for mortar mixes and concrete fills. It also covers design considerations such as the thickness of load-bearing versus non-load-bearing walls. The code is intended to guide builders on the proper construction techniques and details to ensure successful performance of hollow concrete block masonry.
This document outlines standards for the design and construction of machine foundations, specifically for impact type machines (hammers). It provides definitions for key terms related to hammer foundations, such as anvil, foundation block, impact force, and coefficient of restitution. It lists necessary data required for the design of hammer foundations, including hammer details, cushion pad details, soil data obtained through other Indian Standards, and information about the hammer location. The design criteria specify that hammer foundations must limit vibration transmission to adjacent foundations and withstand impact forces without damage.
This document provides an overview of Indian Standard IS: 3370 (Part II) - 1965, which establishes guidelines for reinforced concrete structures used for liquid storage. It discusses the code's scope and general requirements. Key points include:
- The code provides uniform design and construction standards for liquid storage structures built with reinforced concrete.
- It addresses the assessment of loads, stresses, and statical equilibrium to ensure structural safety and prevent overturning.
- Design provisions are given for resistance to cracking and adequate strength based on permissible concrete and steel stresses.
- The code specifies stress limits for reinforced concrete elements in direct contact with stored liquids.
The document is an Indian Standard code of practice for installing joints in concrete pavements. It provides definitions for different types of joints and pavements. It outlines design considerations for the layout and details of transverse and longitudinal joints. It specifies requirements for materials used in joints like joint filler, sealing compounds, and dowel bars. It describes the purpose and details of transverse expansion joints, contraction joints, and construction joints. The code aims to provide guidance on installing joints to control cracking and allow for movement in concrete pavements.
The document describes Indian Standard code IS:2911 (Part I/Sec I) - 1979 which provides guidelines for the design and construction of driven cast in-situ concrete pile foundations. It covers necessary considerations for pile type, size, installation depth, load testing, and other factors based on site conditions and project requirements. Subsurface investigation data on soil properties, groundwater levels, and chemical testing is required to properly design and install pile foundations. The standard has been revised to incorporate recent developments and separate pile foundation types into distinct sections for ease of use.
This document provides the code of practice for prestressed concrete structures for the storage of liquids according to Indian Standard IS: 3370 (Part III)-1967. It outlines the general requirements, design considerations, permissible stresses in concrete and steel, provisions for shrinkage and creep, and losses in prestress that must be accounted for in the design of prestressed concrete liquid storage structures. It is one part of a larger code of practice for concrete structures for liquid storage established by the Bureau of Indian Standards.
This document is the Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures, Part 5 Special Loads and Load Combinations from 1997. It provides guidance on loads to consider in structural design related to temperature effects, hydrostatic and soil pressure, fatigue, and recommendations for appropriate load combinations. Temperature ranges in different parts of India are shown in figures to help assess potential variations. Provisions are made for thermal expansion/contraction and temperature gradients. Soil and water pressures on basement walls and footings are also addressed.
Response of Segmental Bridge when Subjected to Seismic ExcitationIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research analyzing the response of a segmental bridge subjected to seismic excitation. Key points:
- The designed segmental bridge was 8.8m wide, 2m deep and 31m long with M50 grade concrete.
- The bridge's response was analyzed for different seismic zones in India using various methods like the Indian code IS 1893(Part 1) 2002, force-based design and displacement-based design.
- Results like base shear, bending moment, stress and displacement were calculated and compared for different soil types including rock, gravel and silt/clay.
- Response was also analyzed for actual earthquake occurrences by calculating parameters like earthquake force, time period, frequency, displacement and
28-5.21 Company Profile of Pyrmaid structural consultant.pptxBoopathi Yoganathan
Pyramid Structural Consultant provides structural design, building approval, and construction services. They have a team of experienced engineers and workers who use software like AutoCAD and STAAD to complete structural designs for RCC and steel buildings. Notable projects include the design of a G+1 residential building in Namakkal. They are located in Puduchatram, Namakkal and can be found on LinkedIn and Facebook.
This document provides a bonafide certificate for a project report on the study of mechanical properties of eco-friendly economic concrete. It certifies that the project was conducted by three students, M.Vineeth, Y.Boopathi, and P.Murali, in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Engineering degree from Kongu Engineering College. The project investigated replacing natural aggregates with steel slag aggregates and M-sand to produce more sustainable concrete. Tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity of concrete mixes with varying replacement levels.
The document describes an experimental investigation into the properties of concrete with different replacement percentages of natural aggregates with manufactured sand and steel slag. The methodology involves collecting cement, fine aggregates (natural sand and m-sand), coarse aggregates, and steel slag. The mix design for M20 grade concrete is calculated and concrete specimens are cast. The specimens are cured and then tested to determine their mechanical properties. The results are compared to those of conventional concrete to evaluate the suitability of manufactured sand and steel slag as partial replacements for natural aggregates in concrete.
The document discusses two methods for mesh refinement - the p-method and h-method. The p-method increases the order of the polynomial used in the finite element model, allowing for more accurate results without changing the mesh. The h-method reduces the size of elements to create a finer mesh, better approximating the real solution in areas of high stress gradients. Both methods aim to improve the accuracy of finite element analysis results, with the p-method doing so without requiring changes to the mesh.
This document provides guidance on using epoxy injection to repair cracks in concrete structures. The method involves drilling holes along cracks, injecting epoxy under pressure, and allowing it to seep into the cracks. It can repair cracks as small as 0.002 inches. Epoxy injection requires skilled workers and specialized equipment. While it can effectively repair cracks temporarily, the underlying issues causing the cracks may remain if not addressed.
An embedded system is a dedicated computer system that performs specific tasks. An important application of embedded systems is anti-lock braking systems (ABS) in automobiles. ABS uses sensors and electronic control modules to monitor wheel speed and automatically modulate brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup and maintain steering control during emergency braking. By preventing skidding, ABS can help drivers stop more safely and shorten stopping distances on wet or slippery surfaces compared to standard brakes. ABS works by pulsing the brakes rapidly when it detects a wheel is about to lock up, which allows the wheel to continue turning and maintaining traction with the road.
This document discusses past earthquakes in India and retrofitting techniques for masonry structures. It summarizes the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, which had a magnitude of 9.1-9.3 making it one of the largest ever recorded. Over 230,000 people were killed across 14 countries by the resulting tsunamis. The document then discusses failure modes of confined masonry walls and retrofitting techniques to improve seismic resistance, including adding horizontal reinforcement, improving wall density and tie columns. Key factors for seismic resistance of confined masonry structures are also summarized.
This document provides information on an Indian Standard (IS) for a unified nomenclature of workmen for civil engineering. It was adopted in 1982 by the Indian Standards Institution Construction Management Sectional Committee. The standard aims to unify the different names used for workmen engaged in civil engineering works across India. It then lists the unified nomenclature for various types of workmen and for carts/animals commonly used in civil engineering works.
This document provides details on the design and construction of floors and roofs using precast reinforced or prestressed concrete ribbed or cored slab units. It specifies dimensions for the precast units, including widths up to 3000mm for ribbed units and 2100mm for cored units. It also provides requirements for material strengths, structural design considerations, and loads to be accounted for in design according to other relevant Indian Standards.
This document provides definitions for key terms related to concrete monolith structures used in port and harbour construction. It defines elements like the bottom plug, cutting edge, deck slab, dewatering, fascia wall, filling, kentledge, kerb, and monolith. A monolith is a large hollow rectangular or circular foundation sunk as an open caisson through various soil strata until reaching the desired founding level, at which point the bottom is plugged with concrete.
The document provides specifications for an apparatus used to measure the length change of hardened cement paste, mortar, and concrete. It describes the construction, dimensions, materials, and markings required for a length comparator, which uses a micrometer to measure the change in length of specimens against a reference bar. The length comparator consists of an adjustable frame that holds either a screw or dial micrometer and allows measurement of specimens of different lengths.
This document provides the code of practice for the design and construction of conical and hyperbolic paraboloidal shell foundations. It discusses the preliminary design considerations for shell foundations, including determining the soil design to proportion the foundation dimensions based on allowable bearing pressure and net loading intensity, as well as the structural design of the shell. It also provides figures illustrating reinforcement details for conical and hyperbolic paraboloidal shell foundations. The code covers the relevant terminology and information needed for design, and notes the membrane analysis approach is commonly used for structural design of shell foundations.
This document provides guidelines for designing drainage systems for earth and rockfill dams. It discusses key considerations like controlling pore pressures, internal erosion, and piping. The guidelines cover selecting appropriate drainage features based on the dam type and materials. Features discussed include inclined/vertical filters, horizontal filters, longitudinal and cross drains, transition zones, rock toes, and toe drains. Filter material criteria and design procedures are also outlined.
This document provides recommendations for welding cold-worked steel bars used for reinforced concrete construction according to Indian Standard IS 9417. It summarizes the key welding processes that can be used including flash butt welding, shielded metal arc welding, and gas pressure welding. For each process, it outlines preparation of the bars, selection of electrodes, welding procedures, and safety requirements. Diagrams are provided to illustrate edge preparation and sequences for multi-run butt welding and lap welding joints.
This document provides guidelines for lime concrete lining of canals. It discusses materials used for lime concrete lining such as lime, sand, coarse aggregate and water. It also discusses preparation of subgrade for different soil types including expansive soils, rock and earth. Compaction methods are provided for different soil types. The document also discusses laying of concrete lining and provides specifications for lime concrete mix such as minimum compressive and flexural strength.
This document provides guidelines for structural design of cut and cover concrete conduits meant for transporting water. It outlines various installation conditions for underground conduits and describes how to calculate design loads from backfill pressure, internal/external water pressure, and concentrated surface loads. Design loads include vertical and lateral pressure from backfill based on fill material properties, hydrostatic pressure from water surcharge, and dispersed point loads accounting for fill height and conduit geometry. The conduit is to be designed for the most unfavorable combination of these loads. Recommended fill material properties and methods for load and stress analysis are also provided.
This document provides guidelines for installing and observing cross arms to measure internal vertical movement in earth dams. It describes the components of the mechanical cross arm installation including the base extension, cross arm units, spacer sections, and top section. It provides details on installing each component as the dam is constructed in rock-free or rocky soils. Observation involves using a measuring torpedo attached to a steel tape or cable to take settlement readings from the installed cross arm system.
This document provides guidelines for instrumentation of concrete and masonry dams. It outlines obligatory and optional measurements for dams, including uplift pressure, seepage, temperature, and displacement. Obligatory measurements include uplift pressure, seepage, temperature inside the dam, and displacement measurements using plumb lines or other methods. Optional measurements that may provide additional insights include stress, strain, pore pressure, and seismicity measurements. The document describes different types of measurements in detail and how they can be used to monitor dam performance and safety over time.
This document provides guidelines for selecting measurement instruments and their locations for monitoring earth and rockfill dams. It describes various types of measurements needed, including pore pressure, movements, seepage, strains/stresses, and dynamic loads from earthquakes. Planning the instrumentation system is important to ensure required data is obtained during construction and the dam's lifetime. The document discusses different instruments for measuring vertical and horizontal movements, such as surface markers, cross-arm installations, hydraulic devices, magnetic probes, and inclinometers.
This document outlines specifications for concrete finishers used in construction. It specifies requirements for materials, size, construction, capacity, and performance. Key aspects include:
- Concrete finishers are used after spreaders to finish concrete laid by pavers.
- Materials must meet relevant Indian standards. Common sizes are 3-4.5m and 6-7.5m widths.
- Construction includes a steel frame, traction wheels, steering, adjustable screeds, vibrator attachment, drives, controls, and a diesel or petrol power unit.
- Performance requirements ensure the finisher can operate under different conditions to finish concrete slabs within specifications.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
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Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
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Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
1200 3
1. IS :1200 ( Partlll) -1976
( Reaffirmed 1992 )
Indian Standard
METHOD OF
MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING AND
CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS
PART III BRICKWORK
( Third Revision)
Third Reprint AUGUST 1993
UDC 69’003’12 : 693’2
‘_ ,,.
I
_---
0 Copyrfgghl1976.
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
Gr 3 September 1976
- _s
( Reaffirmed 1997 )
2. IS r1200 (Part III ) - 1976
Indian Standard
METHOD OF
MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING AND
CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS
PART III BRICKWORK
( Third Revision)1
Civil Works Measurement Secticd CommitteeJBDC 44
Chairman Representing
SHRI 1’. R. VAISE Central Public Works Department
Members
Snm N. P. ACEARYYA The Commissioner for the Port of Calcutta, Calcutta
SHRI K. D. ARCOT Engineers India Limited, New Delhi
SHHI T. V. SITARAM( Alternate )
SHRI B. G. B.4LJEEAR Hindustan Steel Works Construction Ltd, Calcutta
&RI J. DUR.AIRAJ ( Alternate )
SERI P.L.hhSlN Institution of Surveyors, New Delhi
CHIEF ENGINEER ( R&B ) Public Works Department, Government of Andhra
SUPERINTENDINQ ENQINEER
Pradesh, Hyderabad
( P&D ) ( Alternate)
SHRI R. K. CHOUDHRY
Sxar I. P. PuRI ( Altermate )
Bhakra Management Board, Nangal Township
SHRI w. J. DAGAMA Bombay Port Trust, Bombay
Sam ‘I. B. DESAI
DIRECTOR, IRI
Hindustan Construction Co Ltd, Bombay
Irrigation Department, Government of Uttar Pradesh,
Roorkee
DIRECTOR ( RATES & CYSTS ) Central Water Commission, New Delhi
Dxncrr~ D~ECTOR ( RATES
& %TS ) ‘( Alternate )
EXECUTIVE E~poruxx~ ( PLA~NINQ
& Dxs~a~s), NORTHERN
Ministry of Railways
RAII~WAY
SBRI P. N. GADI
SHRI G. V. HINQORANI
Institution of Engineers ( India ), Calcutta
Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
SHRI6.K.C.IYENGAR
SHRI M. L. JAIN
Heavy Engineering Corporation Ltd, Ranchi
The National Industrial Development Corporatior
Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI S. L. KATHU~A
Sasr V. S~vaamru ( Altcrnafc )
Ministry of Shipping & Transport ( Roads Wing )
( Continucdan page 2 )
.@ Copyright 1976
BURFAU OF INl@N STANDARDS
This publication is protected under ‘the In&y cdplrigt Ati ( XIV of. 1657 ) ana
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of
the publisher shall be deemed to be.an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
I
3. IS : 1200( Part III ) - 1976
#Confinucdfrom puge i )
Members
SHRI H. K. KHOSLA
Rejresenting
Irrigation Department, Government of Haryana,
Chandigarh
SHRI S. K. KOQEKAR National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ( SR 1 ( AItem& )
. . .SERI V. D. LONDHE Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SERI N. C. DUIXAL ( Alternate)
SHRI K. K. MADHOK Builders’ Association of India, Bombay
SIIRI DATTA S. MALIK Indian Institute of Architects, Bombay
PROP M. K. GODBOLE ( Alternate )
Smu R. S. MURTHY Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Ministry of Defence
SHRI V. G. PATWARDHAN ( Allernate )
SHRI C. B. PATEL M. N. Dastur & Co Private Ltd, Calcutta
SHnI B. c. PATEL ( Altrmafe )
Srtm K. G. SALVI Hindustan Housing Factory Ltd, New Delhi
SERI S. K. CEATTERJI ( A&smote )
SHRI P. V. SATHE Public Works Department, Government of
Maharashtra, Bombay
DR R. B. SINQH
SERI S. SRINIV_~~AN
SUPERINTENDINO SURVEYOR or
WORKS ( AVIATION )
SURVEYOR OF WORKS ( I )
ATTACHED TO SSW
( AVLATION) ( Alternate)
SUPERINTENDINQSURVEYOR OF
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Hindustan Steel Ltd. Ranchi
Central Public Worhs Department, New Delhi
Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
WORKS ( I )
SURVEYOR OF WORKS ( I )
ATTACHEDTO SSW ( I ) ( Alfcrnate )
SHSI D. AJITEA SIMHA,
Director ( Civ Engg )
Director General, BI&,( &-o&o Mumba )
SHRI K. M. MATEUR
Deputy Director ( Civ Engg ), BIS
4. IS : 1200 ( Part III )- 1976
Indian Standard
METHOD 0F
MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING AND
CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS
PART III BRICKWORK
( Third Revision)
0. FOREWORD
0.1This Indian Standard ( Part III) (Third Revision ) was adopted by
the Indian Standards Institution on 19 July 1976, after the draft
finalized by the Civil Works Measurement Sectional Committeehad
been approved by theCivil Engineering Division Council.
0.2 Measurement occupies a very important place in planning and
execution of any civil engineering work from the time of first-estimates
to final completion and settlement of payments for the project.
Methods followed for measurement are not uniform and considerable
differences exist between practices followed by one construction agency
and another and also between various Central and State Government
departments; While it is recognized that each system of measurement
h,as to be specifically related to the administrative and financial organi-
zations within the department responsible for work, a unification of the
various systems at technical level has been accepted as very desirable,
specially as it permits a wider circle of operation for civil engineering
contractors and eliminates ambiguities and misunderstandings arising out
of inadequate understanding of various systems followed.
0.3 Among the various civil engineering items, measurement of buildings
was the first to be taken up for standardization and this standard
having provisions relating to all building works, was first published in
1958 and then revised in 1964.
0.4 In the course of usage of this standard by various construction
agencies in the country, several clarifications and suggestions for
modifications were received and as a result of study, the Sectional
Committee decided that its scope, besides being applicable to buildings,
should be expanded so as to cover civil engineering works like industrial
and river valley project works.
3
5. /
pw_--. 1._- _.._^_..^_-_
is : 1296( Part III ) - 1976
0.5 Since various trades are not related to one another, the Committee
decided that method of measurement for each trade as given in IS : 1200-
1964* be issued separately as a different part, which will be helpful to
specific users in various trades. This part covering method of measure-
ment of brickwork applicable to building as well as civil engineering
works was, therefore, issued as a second revision in 1970.
0.6 In the course of use of this standard in the past five years based on
suggestions received, certain amendments were issued to this standard.
This third revision has been prepared to incorporate these amendments.
0.7 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a measurement, shall be rounded off in accordance
with IS :2-1960t. The number of significant places retained in the
rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in
this standard.
1..SCOPE
1.1 This standard ( Part III ) covers the method of measurement of
brickwork in buildings and civil engineering works.
NOTE- The method of measurement of refractory brickwork is covered in IS : 12@)
( Part VI )-1974$
2. GENERAL
2.1 Clubbing of Items- Items may be clubbed together provided that
break up of clubbed items is on the basis of detailed descriptions of items
as stated in this standard.
2.2 Booking of Dimensions -In booking dimensions, the order shall
be consistent and generally in the sequence of length, breadth or width
and height or depth or thickness.
2.3 Measurement-All work shall be measured net in the decimal
system, as fixed in place, as given below:
a) Dimensions shall be measured to the nearest 0.01 m,
b) Areas shall be worked out to the nearest 0.01 m*, and
c) Cubic contents shall be worked out to the nearest O-01 rns.
*Method of measurement of building works ( revised ) .
tRules for rounding off numerical values ( rmiscd ).
IMethod of measurement of building and civil engineering works : Part VI Refrac.
tory works ( secondrevision ) .
4
6. IS : 1200 ( Part III )- 1976
2.4 Description of Item - Description of each item shall, unless
otherwise stated, be held to include, where necessary, conveyance,
delivery, handling, unloading, storing, waste, return of packings, necep
sary scaffoiding, tools and tackle.
2.5 Waste- All measurements of cuttings shall, unless otherwise stited,
be deemed to include consequent waste.
2.6 Dednctioa- Where minimum area is defined for deduction of an
opening, void or both, such area shall refer only to opening or void with-
in the space measured.
2.7 Work to be Measured Separately- Work executed in the follow-
ing conditions shall be measured separately:
a) Work in or under water,
b) Work h liquid mud,
c) Work in or under foul positions,
d) Work interrupted by tides, and
e) Work in snow
2.7.1 Levels of high and low water tides, where these occur, shall be
stated.
2.7.2 Where springs requiring pumping are encountered, dewatering
shall be measured against a separate specific provision made for the
purpose [see 2.7 of IS: 1200 ( Part I )-1974*].
2.8 Bills df Quantities - Items of work shall fully describe materials
and workmanship, and accurately represent the wqrk to be executed.
2.9 Measurement in Stages -Work shall be measured in the following
categories in convenient stages stating height or depth:
a) Below ground/datum line, and
b) Above ground/datum line.
NOTE- Ground/datum line may be specified in each case.
3. BRICKWORK GENERAL
3.1 Bricks and,mortar to be used for brickwork shall be fully described.
Where it is proposed to specify a bond other than English bond, it shall
be so stated.
*Method of measurement of building and civil engineering works: Part I Earthwol
I_third revision ) .
5
7. (S 8 1200 ( Part XII) - 1976
3.1.1 The item of general brickwork shall be deeined to include the
following:
4
b)
cl
4
4
f-1
d
h)
j>
k)
Raking out joints for plastering or for pointing done as a
separate process or finishing joints flush as work proceeds;
Preparing tops of existing walls and the like for raising;
Rough cutting and waste for forming gables, cores of arches,
splays at eaves and .the like and all rough cutting in the body
of brickwork, unless otherwise stated;
Plumbing to angles;
Forming reveals to jambs where fair cutting on exposed faces is
not involved;
Leaving holes for pipes, etc;
Building in holdfasts, air bricks, fixing bricks, etc;
Building in .ends of beams, joists, slabs, lintels, sills, trusses, etc;
Forming openings and flues for which no deduction is made
( see 4.1.9 );
Bedding wall plates, lintels, sills, roof tiles, corrugated sheets,
etc, in or on walls if not covered in respective trade ; and
m) Leaving chases of section not exceeding 50 cm in girth.
3.1.2 The following categories of brickwork shall be included with
general brickwork:
4
b)
4
4
e)
Footings;
Battered (measured net). Battered surfaces shall, however, be
measured, separately in square metres as an extra-over;
Eaves or beam fillings, no deduction being made for joists, rafters,
etc;
Brickwork ( excluding refractory brickwork ) in chimney breasts,
chimney stacks, smoke or air flues (except independent chimney
shaft as in factories for steam boilers ); and
Pilasters, plain copings and sills.
NOTE - In the case of receding courses of panels, recess shall not be deducted.
4. MEASUREMENT
4.1 Brickwork shall generally be measured in cubic metres, unless
otherwise stated.
in
4.1.1 Walls one brick thick and less shall each be measured separately
square metres stating thickness.
6
8. Lh---.---. I_~.._ _..... _I. .. .
IS : 1200f Part III ) - 1976
4.1.2 Walls exceeding one brick thick but not exceeding three bricks in
thickness shall be measured in multiples of ha&brick which shall be
deemed to be inclusive of mortar joints. Where fractions of half-brick
occur due to architectural or other reasons, measurement shall be taken
as follows:
a) Up to t brick - actual measurement, and
b) Exceeding i brick- full half-brick.
Cl.3 For walling which is more than three bricks in thickness actual
thickness of wall shall be measured.
Cl.4 No deductions or additions shall be made on any account for the
following:
n
a>Ends of dissimilar materials ( that. is, joists, beams, lintels, posts,
girders, r&&s, purlins, trusses, corbels, steps, etc); up to 0’1 m”
in section;
Opening up to El ms-.i~ area ( see Note );
Wall plates, bed plaros, and bearing of slabs, CHAJJAS and the
like, where thickness does not exceed 10 cm and bearing does
not extend over the full thickness of wall;
Cement concrete blocks as fcr hold fasts and holding down
bolts;
Iron fixtures, such as wall ties, pipes up to 300 mm diameter and
hold fasts for doors and windows; and
Chases of section not exceeding 50 cm in girth.
b)
4
4
4
f)
NOTE - In calculating area of an opening, any separate linte! or sills shall be inclu-
ded with the size of the opening but end portions of lintel shall be excluded
[ see 4.1.4(a) ] and extra width of rebated revea&;if any, shall also be excluded.
4.1.5 Fireplaces, Chimnc;v, etc - Brickwork ( excluding refractory brick-
work) in chimney breasts, chimney stacks, smoke or air flues not
exceeding 0.2 ms in sectional area shall be measured as solid, and no
extra measurement shall be made for pargetting and coring such flues.
Where flues exceed 0.2 ma in sectional area, deduction shall be made for
the same, and pargetting and coring flues measured in running metres,
stating size of flue. Apertures for fireplaces, shall not be deducted and
no extra labour shall he measured for splaying of jambs and throating.
4.1.6 Pillars / Columns -Pillars shall be fully described and measured
in cubic metres. Where pillars of different sections and shapes are
involved their numbers shall be stated in addition in each case. Pillars
shall be measured and kept separate as under:
a
‘,b
Rectangular or polygonal on plan,
Curved on plan to any radius, and
c) Any other type.
,&VTE -Rectangular pillar/column shall mean a detached masonry portion such
thPt,{ts breadth does not exceed 3 times ifs thickness and thickness itself does not
exce’ed S-brick lengths. z ,-h
7
9. IS : 1200( Part III) - 1976
9. CIRCULAR BRICKWORK
5.1 Brickwork circular on plan to a mean radius not exceeding 6 m &all
be measured separately and shall include all cutting and’ waste and
‘templates.
5.1.1 Brickwork circular on plan to a mean radius exceeding 6 m shall
he measured separately and included with general brickwork.
6. BACKING TO MASONRY
6.1 Brickwork in backing to masonry shall be measured separately stating
average thickness; description shall include. all cutting and waste for
bonding.
7. HONEYCOMB BRI’CKWORK
7.1 Honeycomb brick walling shall be measured in square metres stating
thickness and pattern of honeycombing. Honeycomb opening shall not
be deducted.
8. INDEPENDENT CHIMNEY SHAFTS
8.1 Brickwork in independent chimney shafts (as for large steam boilers)
sh’all be measured net inclusive of all cutting, waste and templates and
kept under the following categories:
a) Rectangular on plan,
b) Polygonal on plan, and
c) Curved on plan to any radius.
8.1.1 Height of chimney from ground/datum line shall be stated
( see2.9 >.
9. CAVITY WALLS
9.1 Forming of cavity shall be measured in square metres stating width
of cavity and shall include ties and their ,number per square metre.
Material, size and shape of ties shall be described.
9.2 Measurement of cavity shall be taken along a plane at centre of
cavity, deduction being made for all openings and solid portions of
walls.
9.3 Labour‘and material for closing cavities at jambs, sills and heads of
openings shall be described and measured separately in running metros.
9?4 Use of cores for keeping cavity clear and forming requisite weep and
vent holes shall be described.
8
10. IS: 1200 (Part III )- 1976
10. REINkORCED BRICKWORK
10.1 Reidforced brickwork shall be measured and kept separate from
general brickwork and unless otherwise stated reinforcement shall be
measured separately [see IS : 1200 (Part VIII )-1975* 1.
11. BRICK NOGGING
11.1 Brickwork above one brick in thickness shall be included with
general brickwork; brickwork one brick and less in thickness shall be
measured as described in 4.1.1. Dimensions shall be measured overall.
11.1.1 Timber work shall be measured separately [see IS: 1200 ( Part
xxI)-1973t].
12. BRICKWORK WITH FAIR FACE OR ARCHITECTURAL
APPEARANCE
12.1 Brickwork with fair face or architectural appearance shall be
measured separately.
13. BRICKWORK IN ARCHES, VAULTS OR STAIRCASES
13.1 Brickwork in arches, vaults cr staircases shall be measured separately;
work in selected uncut bricks and in purpose made or fair cut and
rubbed bricks shall be so described and measured separately and shall
include centering for spans up to 2 m. For spans exceeding 2 m,
centering shall be measured separately [see IS : 1200 ( Part V )-1972: 1.
Cutting to skews shall be included in the description.
14. UNDERPINNING
14.1 Brickwork .in underpinning shall be measured separately and an
item for extra labour and material in wedging up on top of underpinning
shall be measured in square metres as length multiplied by width of top
course.
15. FAIR CUTTING OF BRICKWORK
15.1 Fair cutting exceeding 10 cm in width or’in girth in splayed angles,
weatherings, cornices, quoins, etc ( where purpose-made bricks are not
used ), shall be measured separately in squa‘re metres.
*Method of measurement of building and civil engineering works : Part VIII Steel
work and iron work ( third revision ).
tMethod of measurement of building and civil engineering works : Part XXI Wood-
work and joinery ( second reuision ).
$Method of measurement of building and civil engineering works : Part V Form wotk
( secondr&s&2 ).
9
11. rS : 1200 ( Part III ) - 1976
15.2 Fair cutting not exceeding 10 cm in width or girth, such as in spF&
and chamfers, shall be measured in running metres, stating width/girth.
15.3 Circular fair cutting shall be measured sensrately in square metres.
16. BRICK EDGINGS
16.1 Brick edgings, as to roads and the like, shall be described and
measured in running metres.
17. FILLETING
17.1 Filleting in mortar, as in flashings on roofs, shall be described and
measured in running metres stating shape and sectional area of fillets.
18. BROKEN GLASS COPING
lS.1 Broken glass coping laid along with brickwork shall be measured in
square metres and described stating thickness of mortar and weight of
broken glass per square metre of coping.
19. DAMP-PROOF COURSES
19.1 Damp-proof course shall be described and measured in square
metres stating thickness. Description shall include levelling up and/or
preparing brickwork to receive the treatment and use and waste of form
work, if required.
19.1.1 Vertical and horizontal damp-proof courses shall be measured
separately.
20. BRICKWORK AROUND STEEL JOISTS (ENCASING )
26.1 Encasing brickwork to steel joists or beams, steel stanchions, etc,
shall be measured in cubic metres.
29.9 Volume occupied by joists shall not be deducted except in case of
boxed stanchions or girders in which case box portion only shall be
deducted.
20.3 Extra labour in cutting and fitting brickwork around steel joists,
stanchions, girders, etc, shall be measured separately in square metres
of finished surfaces-
$1. SILLS, CORNICES, ETC.
21.1 Plain corbels, string courses, aprons, friezes, sills, cornices, drip
courses, oversailing courses, and other projections, etc, of splayed,
bullnosed or any other type of purpose-made or cut bricks shall be fully
described and measured in running metres stating depth and width
of projection. No deduction shall be made from masonry of -tiall
for the bearing portion of drip course, bearing of moulding and
cornice.
10
12. IS : 1200 ( Part III ) - 1976
22. BRICK TILE WORK
22.1 Brick tile work shall be measured separately and the rules for
measuring ordinary brickwork shall be followed.
23. CHASES, REBATES, ETC
23.1 Cutting chases, rebates, throatings, grooves, etc, in birckwork shall
be measured in running metres stating girth and classified as follows:
a) Not exceeding 10 cm in girth, and
b) Exceeding 10 cm but not exceeding 20 cm in girth.
23.1.1 Chases, rebates, etc, exceeding 20 cm in girth shall be measured
in square metres ( girth X length ).
24. CUTTING HOLES
24.1 Cutting holes through brickwork including making good shall be
measured per centimetre of depth of cutting and shall be classified as
follows :
a) Holes not exceeding 400 ems in area, and
b) Holes exceeding 400 ems and not exceeding 0.1 ma in area.
25. CUTTING OPENINGS
25.1 Cutting openings exceeding 0.1 ma in area in walls one brick thick
and less shall be measured in square metres and in walls exceeding one
brick thick shall be measured in cubic metres.
26. TOOTHING AND BONDING
26.1 Where new walls are bonded to existing walls, an item of labour
and material in cutting, toothing and bonding shall be measured in
square metres of vertical face in contact with new work only.
11
13. BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
Headquarters;
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg. NEW DELHI 110002
Talephones : 331 01 31, 331 13 75 Telegrams : Manaksanatha
( Common to all offices)
Regional Oflees:
Central :
#Eastern :
Northorn :
Manak Bhavan, 9 Behsdur Shah Zafar Marg,
NEW DELHI-110002
1/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. 1. P. Road,
Maniktola, CALCUTTA 700054
SC0 445-446, Sector 35-C,
CHANDIGARH 160036
Southern : C. I. 1. Campus, MADRAS 600113
tWestern : Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East),
BOMBAY 400093
Branch Oflces:
‘Pushpak’ Nurmohamed Shaikh Marg, Khanpur,
AHMEDABAD 380001
*Peonya Industrial Area, 1st Stage, Bangalore Tumkur Road
BANGALORE 560058
Gangotri Complex, 5th Floor, Bhadbhada Road, 1. T. Nagar,
BHOPAL 462003
Plot No. 82/83, Lewis Road, BHUBANESHWAR 751002
6316, Ward No. 29, R. G. Barua Road, 6th Byeiane,
GUWAHATI 781003
6-8-66C L. N. Gupta Marg ( Nampally Station Road),
HYDERABAD 600001
R14 Yudhlster Marg, C Scheme, JAIPUR 302006
117/418 B Sarvodaya Nagar, KANPUR 208006
Patliputra Industrial Estate, PATNA 800013
T.C. No. 14/1421, University P.O., Palayam
TRIVANDRUM 695035
lnspecflon Oflce (With Sale Point) :
Pushpanjali, 1st Floor, 205-A West High Court Road
Shankar Nagar Square, NAGPUR 440010
Institution of Engineers ( India ) Building, 1332 Shivaji Nagar.
PUN E 411005
*Sales Office in Calcutta I8 at 5 Chowrlngheo Approach, P.O. Prlnorp
Street, Calcutta 700072
tsales Offka In Bombay Ir at Novelty Chamber& Grant Road,
Bombay 400007
SSalre Ofnce In Bangalore Is at Unity Bullding, Narrrimharaja Squrro
Bangalarr 560002
27 68 00
89 66 28
22 38 71
Prlntd lt Simso Prlntlng Prow. Dolhl. Inale
Telephones
[
331 01 31
3311376
362499
1
21843
31641
{
41 2442
412519
41 2916
6329296
[
26348
26349
I
384966
384966
66719
63827
33177
231083
1
63471
69832
[
21 6876
218292
62306
[
62104
62117
26171
62436