The document summarizes key information about the Articles of Confederation and its weaknesses:
1) The Articles of Confederation created a very weak central government that gave most power to the individual states. This was done intentionally by the newly independent American states who wanted to avoid another strong central authority like the British monarchy.
2) However, the weak central government created under the Articles had several detrimental effects. Congress lacked power to tax, regulate trade between states, or enforce laws. Amendments required unanimous approval which was nearly impossible.
3) Debate between large and small states over representation in Congress also highlighted weaknesses. The Constitution was drafted as an improvement, creating a stronger central government with three branches but also a
I use a flip chart for the 7 Principles that the kids make and can take notes on. There are diagrams on some of the slides too. Definitions are included on every slide along with examples of each principle.
I use a flip chart for the 7 Principles that the kids make and can take notes on. There are diagrams on some of the slides too. Definitions are included on every slide along with examples of each principle.
Chapter 2
The Constitution and it’s framing.
Lesson Plans
1. History and philosophy leading up to the constitution.
2. The revolution
3. Articles of Confederation
4. Constitutional Convention
5. Key Figures
6. Compromises
7. Amendments
Enlightenment and the Country’s founding
The founding of the country was based in principles in the European enlightenment.
One of the Enlightenment’s goals was to base governance on rationality.
Prior to the Enlightenment, governance was justified through tradition rather than reason.
Locke v Hobbes
Hobbes argued that the rationality for government was to prevent the state of nature.
Hobbes argued that life without the state would be a war between all and nasty, brutish and short. He advocated for a dictator to prevent this.
Locke disagreed. Locke argued that people would rather deal with what he called the mischief of foxes and polecats than to be devoured by lions.
This means that conflicts between individuals are manageable, but a tyrannical state is impossible to avoid.
Locke’s justification for a state is the social contract which is an agreement that the state protects rights. However if a state abuses its people, then it loses its legitimacy.
Locke’s principles drove the American Revolution.
The Revolution
The colonies originally had more freedom to run their own land prior to the Seven Years War (war between France and England).
The colonists were prevented to settle past Appalachia.
To pay back the taxes that resulted from the Seven Years War, England levied taxes on the colonists.
Colonists demanded representation in Parliament.
Stamp Act, (Tax on Paper goods) Townsend Act (Tax on glass, Tea, Paint)
The Colonies boycotted British Manufacturing goods.
Britain sent troops to the colonies, leading to an altercation with the troops known as the Boston Massacre
Britain passed an act that granted a monopoly on the British East India Tea Company, which led to the “Boston Tea Party.”
The Revolution cont.
These acts led to the state of Massachusetts to revolt, followed by the rest of the colonies.
The Declaration of Independence laid out the principles that drove the colonies to revolt against England.
This listed out the ways that Britain abused its power regarding the Social Contract.
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed”
This quote has driven the ideals in which we govern ourselves.
Articles of Confederation
Immediately following the revolution, the new nation agreed on the Articles of confederation.
The articles of confederation is the governing body that ruled the nation between the end of the Revolution and the creation of the constitution.
A confede ...
The Founding leading to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Introduction to the Federalist Papers and their usefulness for ratification. Discuss the Bill of Rights.
The solution is the constitution not artilce vmiscott57
With a surge of pressure being put on state legislators this year to apply for an Article V convention, here are three reasons to oppose all such constitutional convention applications.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
4. Do Now (Academic Vocabulary)
Ratify: Sign or give formal consent to (a
treaty, contract, or agreement), making it
officially valid.
Amend: make minor changes in (a text) in
order to make it fairer, more accurate, or
more up-to-date.
5. Articles of Confederation
Independent Citizens Seek Awesome
Government
When the colonists gained their independence
from the British after the Revolutionary
War, the Americans were faced with a
problem: What kind of government should
they have? They’d lived for years under
British rule, and they had lots of complaints.
Now they would create a government from
scratch, and they had a few requirements.
7. Articles of Confederation
Independent Citizens Seek Awesome (WEAK) Government
Heavy-handed British rule left the newly independent
Americans feeling nervous. Basically, they wanted a govt.
that couldn’t do much. They started by writing the Articles of
Confederation. A confederation is a group of individuals
united together for a purpose—in this case, the 13 states that
had been British colonies before the war. The Articles of
Confederation explained how the 13 states would be
governed as one nation.
Each state was independent and had its own government.
Each state would send representatives to the ―Congress of the
Confederation,‖ a lawmaking body.
Congress was the only branch of government. (No president or
courts.)
In Congress, each state got 1 vote.
8. Articles of Confederation
A Rocky Start
Pros:
The Articles of Confederation had qualities that citizens liked.
Because they didn’t set up a very strong government, states got to
keep their power and independence. There was no powerful
government telling them what to do. Citizens also wanted
protection, and the Articles gave Congress the power to create a
military to protect all the states.
Cons:
However, there were problems. For one thing, the Articles did not
give Congress the power to enforce laws. Congress also had no
power to collect taxes to pay for the military. And in order to change
the Articles, every single state had to agree to the changes. Thus,
citizens felt the govt., wasn't working.
9. Articles of Confederation
Lots of Differences
With 13 different states, there was no easy solution. Here’s
why:
States had different needs. i.e. some states depended on fishing,
others grew crops.
States had different sizes. Some states had many people; others
had few.
People had different opinions. Some people feared a central
government, while others thought a central government was
necessary.
That last one was especially troublesome. Many people
feared they would lose their freedom if a central government
had too much power. Others were tired of the weak
government created under the Articles of Confederation and
felt like nothing would ever get done if nobody was in charge.
10. Articles of Confederation
Compromise?
States decided to put aside some differences and come
together to try to solve the problem of forming another
government.
New idea: Instead of a government with just 1 branch,
Congress, why not create a government with 3 branches?
The new govt. could have a legislative branch (to make laws),
an executive branch led by a president (to carry out laws),
and a judicial branch with courts (to interpret laws).
It sounded good, but one major sticking point kept it from
moving forward: How many votes would each state get in the
Congress?
11. Articles of Confederation
Voting in Congress: Yes, It’s a Big Deal
Why? Because some states have a large population and
some have a small population.
Under the Articles of Confederation, each state got one vote
no matter how many people it had.
That meant people in large states had less influence in
Congress. Naturally, large states thought this wasn’t fair.
They thought they should get more votes because they had
more people.
Small states, however, thought it was a pretty good deal.
Even though they were small, they had the same amount of
power and influence as large states. They wanted to keep a
one-vote-per-state system.
13. Articles of Confederation
The Constitution Solution
The 2 sides, large and small states, reach a compromise.
The Constitution was the 2nd and final attempt to write a document that
would govern the US, and we still follow it today.
Under the Constitution, Congress is divided in 2: the Senate and the House
of Representatives.
In the Senate, each state gets 2 votes no matter what size it is. This favors small
states.
In the House of Representatives, the more people a state has, the more votes it
gets. This favors large states.
Constitution requires states to treat citizens from other states the same as
their own.
The Articles couldn’t be changed unless all states agreed, but the
Constitution can be changed if 3/4 of the states agree.
The Articles didn’t require states to follow the laws Congress passed, but
the Constitution says federal laws are superior to state laws.
anticipates FEDERALISM
14. Weaknesses of A.O.C. (Write
Down)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Congress didn’t have power to collect taxes.
Congress didn’t have power to regulate trade.
Congress couldn’t enforce laws it passed.
Laws needed approval of 9 of 13 states.
Amending (changing) the Articles required
agreement of all states.
Central govt. did not have an executive branch.
Govt. had no national court system.
*Articles of Confederation failed because the
federal govt. was too weak! States were too
strong!
15. Articles of Confederation (Write
Down)
3 branches of govt. result from the Articles
(legislative, executive, judicial).
Virginia Plan: legislative branch has 2
chambers, vote of each state based on
population.
New Jersey Plan: legislative branch based on
1 chamber, each state gets 1 vote.
Solution = congress split in 2; Senate (every
state given 2 votes) & House of
Representatives (based on population)
16. Exit Ticket
Would you favor strong central government or
a weak central government? Explain.
