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5 Principles of the
Constitution
The People Rule
• popular sovereignty
– “We the people” People hold the final authority in
govt
• Constitution=contract between American people
& their govt
– People grant govt powers it needs to achieve goals
– Limits power of govt by saying what govt can’t do
• Representative govt=people elect public officials
to make laws & decisions for them by voting
• Who can vote?
– All citizens 18 & older (not always like this)
Limited Govt
• Need to balance too much & too little govt as
seen with British rule and Art. of Conf.
• Limited govt= govt has only the powers that the
people grant it
• Most important limits on govt=liberty
– Set out in Bill of Rights
– Govt can’t take away freedoms of people
– 9th
Amendment: people have rights not listed in
Const.
– 10th
Amendment: gives states or people any powers
not granted by Const to nat’l govt
Federalism
• Federalism=division of power between the states & national
govt
• Constitution assigns certain powers to the national govt.
Others are left to states. Concurrent Powers are shared by
federal & state govt
Powers of the states
• All powers not specifically granted to federal govt are
reserved to the state
• Const. says what powers states don’t have
• ALL STATES HAVE REPRESENTATION IN NATL GOVT
The “law of the land”
THE CONSTITUTION IS THE “SUPREME LAW OF THE
LAND” only federal courts can settle disputes
Separation of Powers
• Framers of Const. wanted to prevent
abuse of power by one person or group
soooooo…….
• Divided the natl govt into 3 branches:
legislative, executice, judicial
• Division of natl govt = separation of
powers
Legislative Branch
• a.k.a Congress
• Makes laws
• 2 houses: House of Representatives & Senate
Executive Branch
• Carries out the laws
• President heads the executive branch &
appoints officials to carry out the duties of office
Judicial Branch
• Supreme Court heads judicial branch
• Interprets & explains laws
• Set up lower courts as needed
Checks & Balances
Prevent one branch of
government from gaining too
much power
Executive Branch
(President carries out laws)
Checks on Legislative
• Can propose laws
• Can veto laws
• Can call special
sessions of Congress
• Makes appointments
• Negotiates foreign
treaties
Checks on Judicial
• Appoints federal
judges
• Can grant pardons to
federal offenders
Legislative Branch
(Congress makes laws)
Checks on Executive
• Can override President’s
veto
• Confirms executive appts
• Ratifies treaties
• Can declare war
• Appropriates money
• Can impeach & remove
President
Checks on Judicial
• Creates lower federal
courts
• Can impeach & remove
judges
• Can propose
amendments to overrule
judicial decisions
• Approves appointments
of federal judges
Judicial Branch
(Supreme Court interprets the laws)
Checks on Executive
• Can declare
executive actions
unconstitutional
Checks on Legislative
• Can declare acts of
Congress
unconstitutional

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Constitiution five principles

  • 1. 5 Principles of the Constitution
  • 2. The People Rule • popular sovereignty – “We the people” People hold the final authority in govt • Constitution=contract between American people & their govt – People grant govt powers it needs to achieve goals – Limits power of govt by saying what govt can’t do • Representative govt=people elect public officials to make laws & decisions for them by voting • Who can vote? – All citizens 18 & older (not always like this)
  • 3. Limited Govt • Need to balance too much & too little govt as seen with British rule and Art. of Conf. • Limited govt= govt has only the powers that the people grant it • Most important limits on govt=liberty – Set out in Bill of Rights – Govt can’t take away freedoms of people – 9th Amendment: people have rights not listed in Const. – 10th Amendment: gives states or people any powers not granted by Const to nat’l govt
  • 4. Federalism • Federalism=division of power between the states & national govt • Constitution assigns certain powers to the national govt. Others are left to states. Concurrent Powers are shared by federal & state govt Powers of the states • All powers not specifically granted to federal govt are reserved to the state • Const. says what powers states don’t have • ALL STATES HAVE REPRESENTATION IN NATL GOVT The “law of the land” THE CONSTITUTION IS THE “SUPREME LAW OF THE LAND” only federal courts can settle disputes
  • 5. Separation of Powers • Framers of Const. wanted to prevent abuse of power by one person or group soooooo……. • Divided the natl govt into 3 branches: legislative, executice, judicial • Division of natl govt = separation of powers
  • 6. Legislative Branch • a.k.a Congress • Makes laws • 2 houses: House of Representatives & Senate Executive Branch • Carries out the laws • President heads the executive branch & appoints officials to carry out the duties of office Judicial Branch • Supreme Court heads judicial branch • Interprets & explains laws • Set up lower courts as needed
  • 7. Checks & Balances Prevent one branch of government from gaining too much power
  • 8. Executive Branch (President carries out laws) Checks on Legislative • Can propose laws • Can veto laws • Can call special sessions of Congress • Makes appointments • Negotiates foreign treaties Checks on Judicial • Appoints federal judges • Can grant pardons to federal offenders
  • 9. Legislative Branch (Congress makes laws) Checks on Executive • Can override President’s veto • Confirms executive appts • Ratifies treaties • Can declare war • Appropriates money • Can impeach & remove President Checks on Judicial • Creates lower federal courts • Can impeach & remove judges • Can propose amendments to overrule judicial decisions • Approves appointments of federal judges
  • 10. Judicial Branch (Supreme Court interprets the laws) Checks on Executive • Can declare executive actions unconstitutional Checks on Legislative • Can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional