This document outlines concepts related to system security and cryptography. It discusses security requirements like confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. It also explains different security mechanisms like symmetric and asymmetric encryption, hash functions, digital signatures, and their uses in message authentication and non-repudiation. Public key infrastructure and entity authentication using random numbers are also mentioned.
What is Asymmetric Encryption? Understand with Simple ExamplesCheapSSLsecurity
Learn what is Asymmetric Encryption and how asymmetric encryption works with examples. Also, demystify the difference between asymmetric vs symmetric encryption.
Data Encryption : A Powerful and an Approachable Technology! Sai Natkar
Encryption is the process of changing information in a way as to make it unreadable by anyone except those possessing special knowledge that allows them to change the information back to its original, readable form. Encryption is important because it allows us to protect data that we don’t want anyone else to have access to.
What is Asymmetric Encryption? Understand with Simple ExamplesCheapSSLsecurity
Learn what is Asymmetric Encryption and how asymmetric encryption works with examples. Also, demystify the difference between asymmetric vs symmetric encryption.
Data Encryption : A Powerful and an Approachable Technology! Sai Natkar
Encryption is the process of changing information in a way as to make it unreadable by anyone except those possessing special knowledge that allows them to change the information back to its original, readable form. Encryption is important because it allows us to protect data that we don’t want anyone else to have access to.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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This is an introductory presentation to SSL and the basics of secure communication over the web. It walks over the concepts of how SSL works and the various methods for implementing a safe communication channel. It explains the mechanisms of web negotiation, before starting any web transaction between remote hosts.
Performance Comparison of File Security System using TEA and Blowfish Algorithmsijtsrd
With the progress in data exchange by the electronic system, the need for information security has become a necessity. Due to the growth of multimedia application, security becomes an important issue of communication and storage of different files. To make its reality, cryptographic algorithms are widely used as essential tools. Cryptographic algorithms provide security services such as confidentiality, authentication, data integrity and secrecy by encryption. Different cryptographic algorithms are commonly used for information security in many research areas. Although there are two encryption techniques, asymmetric and symmetric, the simpler symmetric encryption technique is employed for testing file security system. In this study, the performance evaluation of the most common two symmetric encryption algorithms such as TEA and Blowfish algorithm is focused on the execution time intervals. Simulation has been conducted with many types of file encryption like .pdf, .txt, .doc, .docx, .xlsx, .pptx, .ppt, .xls, .jpg, .png and most common video file formats by using Java Programming Language. Win Myat Thu | Tin Lai Win | Su Mu Tyar "Performance Comparison of File Security System using TEA and Blowfish Algorithms" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26462.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/26462/performance-comparison-of-file-security-system-using-tea-and-blowfish-algorithms/win-myat-thu
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
This is an introductory presentation to SSL and the basics of secure communication over the web. It walks over the concepts of how SSL works and the various methods for implementing a safe communication channel. It explains the mechanisms of web negotiation, before starting any web transaction between remote hosts.
Performance Comparison of File Security System using TEA and Blowfish Algorithmsijtsrd
With the progress in data exchange by the electronic system, the need for information security has become a necessity. Due to the growth of multimedia application, security becomes an important issue of communication and storage of different files. To make its reality, cryptographic algorithms are widely used as essential tools. Cryptographic algorithms provide security services such as confidentiality, authentication, data integrity and secrecy by encryption. Different cryptographic algorithms are commonly used for information security in many research areas. Although there are two encryption techniques, asymmetric and symmetric, the simpler symmetric encryption technique is employed for testing file security system. In this study, the performance evaluation of the most common two symmetric encryption algorithms such as TEA and Blowfish algorithm is focused on the execution time intervals. Simulation has been conducted with many types of file encryption like .pdf, .txt, .doc, .docx, .xlsx, .pptx, .ppt, .xls, .jpg, .png and most common video file formats by using Java Programming Language. Win Myat Thu | Tin Lai Win | Su Mu Tyar "Performance Comparison of File Security System using TEA and Blowfish Algorithms" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26462.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/26462/performance-comparison-of-file-security-system-using-tea-and-blowfish-algorithms/win-myat-thu
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This webinar was held by SENA.
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Login System with Windows/Microsoft Live using OAuth php and mysqlthesoftwareguy7
Login System with Windows/Microsoft Live using OAuth php and mysql. Create application to get Client ID and client Secret for using in web application.
Tree-like data relationships are common, but working with trees in SQL usually requires awkward recursive queries. This talk describes alternative solutions in SQL, including:
- Adjacency List
- Path Enumeration
- Nested Sets
- Closure Table
Code examples will show using these designs in PHP, and offer guidelines for choosing one design over another.
Encryption is a fundamental concept in cryptography that involves the process of converting plaintext (readable and understandable data) into ciphertext (encoded and unintelligible data) using a mathematical algorithm and an encryption key. The primary purpose of encryption is to ensure the confidentiality and privacy of sensitive information during transmission or storage.
In the encryption process:
1. **Plaintext:** This is the original, readable data that is to be protected. It could be a message, a file, or any form of digital information.
2. **Encryption Algorithm:** An encryption algorithm is a set of mathematical rules and procedures that transform the plaintext into ciphertext. Common encryption algorithms include Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), RSA, and Triple DES.
3. **Encryption Key:** The encryption key is a piece of information used by the encryption algorithm to perform the transformation. The key determines the specific pattern and method by which the plaintext is converted into ciphertext. The strength of the encryption often depends on the length and randomness of the key.
4. **Ciphertext:** This is the result of the encryption process—the transformed and encoded data that appears random and is indecipherable without the corresponding decryption key.
Encryption serves several important purposes in the field of cryptography:
- **Confidentiality:** The primary goal of encryption is to keep information confidential and secure from unauthorized access. Even if an unauthorized party intercepts the ciphertext, they should be unable to understand or decipher it without the correct decryption key.
- **Integrity:** Encryption helps ensure the integrity of data by providing a means to detect any unauthorized modifications. If the ciphertext is altered, the decryption process will produce incorrect results, alerting the recipient to potential tampering.
- **Authentication:** In some encryption scenarios, the use of digital signatures or authenticated encryption helps verify the origin and authenticity of the encrypted data.
- **Secure Communication:** Encryption is widely used to secure communication over networks, such as the internet. Protocols like HTTPS (HTTP Secure) use encryption to protect the confidentiality of data transmitted between a web browser and a web server.
- **Data-at-Rest Protection:** Encryption is applied to data stored on devices or servers, ensuring that even if physical access is gained, the data remains protected from unauthorized viewing.
In summary, encryption is a crucial tool in the field of cryptography, providing a means to safeguard the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of sensitive information in various digital environments.
METHODS TOWARD ENHANCING RSA ALGORITHM : A SURVEYIJNSA Journal
Cryptography defines different methods and technologies used in ensuring communication between two parties over any communication medium is secure, especially in presence of a third part. This is achieved through the use of several methods, such as encryption, decryption, signing, generating of pseudo-random numbers, among many others. Cryptography uses a key, or some sort of a password to either encrypt or decrypt a message that needs to be kept secret. This is made possible using two classes of key-based encryption and decryption algorithms, namely symmetric and asymmetric algorithms. The best known and the most widely used public key system is RSA. This algorithm comprises of three phases, which are the key generation phase, encryption phase, and the decryption phase. Owing to the advancement in computing technology, RSA is prone to some security risks, which makes it less secure. The following paper preview different proposals on different methods used to enhance the RSA algorithm and increase its security. Some of these enhancements include combining the RSA algorithm with Diffie-Hellman or ElGamal algorithm, modification of RSA to include three or four prime numbers, offline storage of generated keys, a secured algorithm for RSA where the message can be encrypted using dual encryption keys, etc.
A comparative study of symmetric key algorithm des, aes and blowfish for vide...pankaj kumari
Cryptography means storing and transmitting data or information in a particular form that allow to be kept secret.
Symmetric key cryptography:- Both sender and receiver share the secret key.The symmetric key is kept private.both parties use the same key for encryption and decryption.
Asymmetric key cryptography:- Asymmetric key cryptography uses public or private key for encryption and decryption.Public key is kept by publically and private is kept secret.sender use the public key to send message and receiver use the private or secret key to decrypt the message.
عرض تقديمي يشمل الفصل الأول من كتاب الإدارة بالإبداع للدكتور سليم الحسنية.
يمكن تحميل الكتب من هنا
http://www.mediafire.com/view/wb1969pbkruqxw2/PKI_report.pdf
2. Outlines Discover System.Security.Cryptography(How To Ensure Secure Layer for our
Applications)
Understand Security Objectives (Security Requirements) , Security
Mechanism .
Explaining Security Requirements such as :
Confidentiality
Data Integrity
Availability
Authentications
None Repudiation .
Symmetric Encryption(Such as : AES) .
Asymmetric Encryption(Such as : RSA).
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3. Course Outlines
Hash Functions(Such as , MD5 ,SHA-n)
Message Authentication ways.
Digital Signature ,What is it ? , Why do we need? , How is it used?
Entity Authentication (Such as : by Random Numbers !)
PKI
CA
…
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4. Introduction
What is Security?
What is Information Security?
Why We Need to Information security ?
security requirements
Security Mechanisms
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5. What is Security?
What is Security?
Protecting general assets
can be realized through:
Prevention
Detection
Reaction
Example : Private property
Prevention: locks at doors, window bars, walls around the property.
Detection: stolen items aren’t there any more, burglar alarms, CCTV, …
Reaction: call the police,…
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6. What is Information Security ?
Information security
Protecting information and information resources such as:
books, faxes, computer data, voice communications, etc.
Information security
What needs to be protected ? , i.e., assets
Why (Security requirements which include CIA),
What we need to protect from (Threats, vulnerabilities, risks),
and how (Security measures) to protect it for as long as it exists
Security measures are implemented according to security policies
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7. 7
What is Information Systems Security?
Information
Systems
Security (assets)
Measures
Attackers
Policies
8. security requirements
Most important security requirements are:
Confidentiality: keeping information secret from
all but those who are authorized to see it.
Integrity: ensuring information has not been
altered by unauthorized or unknown means.
Availability: keeping information accessible by
authorized users when required
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10. security requirements
Other requirements:
Entity authentication: corroboration of the identity of an
entity (e.g., a person, a credit card)
Identification, identity verification
Message authentication: corroborating the source of
information; also known as data origin authentication.
Message authentication implicitly provides data integrity
Non-repudiation: preventing the denial of previous
commitments or actions
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11. Security Mechanisms
Cryptography
Using Hashing (One Way Function) Functions For Data
Integrity
Using Random Numbers for Authentication
Using Digital Signature For None –Repudiation
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16. Symmetric Cryptography
Example
Characteristics :
Using The Same Key , for Encryption and Decryption
Relatively small size of the key
Key must be kept secret
In a multiuser environment, there are heaters in the
process of key management
Relatively Fast.
Prefer to use for encrypting the massive information.
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18. Asymmetric Cryptography
Alice wants to send a secret message m to Bob
Bob should have 2 keys: public KUb and private KRb
Prior to message encryption, Alice gets by some means an
authentic copy of Bob’s public key (i.e., the encryption
key)
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20. Asymmetric Cryptography
Example
Characteristics :
Two keys are used.
The size of the keys is too large(over 1024 bit)
Does not need the public key to any confidential
Relatively Slow.
Preferably be used in data encryption small size
(asymmetric keys algorithms, such as AES Key)
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23. Attacking RSA
RSA claims that 1024-bit keys are likely to
become crackable some time between 2006
and 2010 and that 2048-bit keys are
sufficient until 2030.
An RSA key length of 3072 bits should be
used if security is required beyond 2030.
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24. One-Way Functions (OWF)
A one-way function is a function that is “easy” to compute
and “difficult” to reverse (Such as : MD5,SHA-n)
H(m) provides error-detection capability(Data Integrity)
Example.
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25. Message Authentication
Message authentication is a procedure to verify that
received messages come from the pretended source
and have not been altered.
Also called data origin authentication
It provides integrity.
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26. Message Authentication
Message Authentication Can be done by:
Message encryption:
Symmetric encryption: if the encryption/decryption key is not known to any other
party (except the sender and receiver)
Asymmetric encryption:
the sender should uses its private key to encrypt the message,
the sender’s public key is then used to decrypt the message.
This helps providing only authentication !
Hash code:
H(m||S), where S is secret key shared between the sender and receiver.
No encryption
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26
28. Digital signature
The purpose of a digital signature is thus for an entity to bind
its identity to a message.
We use the term:
signer for an entity who creates a digital signature
verifier for an entity who receives a signed message and attempts to
check whether the digital signature is “correct” or not.
A digital signature on a message provides:
Message authentication : message’s origin is known + integrity
Non-repudiation
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