Different types of pipes and its materials

1. Different Types of Pipes.
1. Cast iron Pipe.
2. G.I Pipe.
3. Wrought Iron Pipe.
4. Steel Pipe.
5. Copper Pipe.
6. Plastic Pipe.
7. Asbestos Cement Pipe
8. Concrete Pipe.
9. Vitrified Clay Pipe.

2. 1. Cast Iron Pipe:
Cast Iron pipe is widely used for city water distribution system because of its high
resistance to corrosion and consequent long life.
Under normal conditions, a cast iron pipe can be expected to last 100 years.
Cast iron pipes are also cheap and economical. These pipes can be joined easily and can
be cut and bored easily too.

3. 2. Galvanized Iron Pipe (G.I).
G.I pipes are made of mild steel sheet. Its length-wise joint is welded seam type. G.I
pipe is used to supply water, gas or any other liquid inside the building.
These types of pipes are prepared from 12 mm ( 0.5 inches) to 15 cm ( 6 inches) in
diameter. They are available in 6 meters ( 20 feet) length.
The thickness of the wall of its sheet is different according to their diameters. After
preparing this pipe, it is dipped in zinc solution. This action is known as Galvanizing.
In this way, the pipe is saved from rusting.

4. 3. Wrought Iron Pipe.
These types of pipes are like G. I. Pipes. They are also used to carry water, gas or
certain other liquid from one place to another.
The only difference between wrought iron pipe and G.I is that wrought iron pipes are
prepared by welding wrought iron sheet. In addition, seamless pipes are also made.
The weight of such pipe is less. Cutting, threading, and bending of this pipe is quite
easy.

5. 4. Steel Pipe.
Steel pipes are used to carry water, gas or certain other liquid from one place to the
other under pressure. These pipes are made from steel sheets.
Small pipes have welded joint along the length which is not visible. Large pipes
have riveted joint or welded joint.
After making such pipes, they are dipped in Zinc solution. This action is called
Galvanizing and is used to prevent the pipe from rusting. The average age of such
pipes is from 25 years to 50 years.

6. 5. Copper Pipe.
Copper pipes are made of small diameter. Since copper does not admit rust, so
these pipes are durable. However, as copper is costly, therefore, they are used in
limited places.
These types of pipes are generally used to carry hot water or steam. They do not
bend or sag even at high temperature.

7. 6. Plastic Pipe.
These pipes – which includes rubber and P. V. C. pipes – are used for the supply of
water, acidic water, and alkaline water. Hot water should not be carried out.
These pipes are joined using a thread joint or socket is joined with a solution. Such
pipes are not rusted. They are light in weight. Cutting, bending, and jointing are
easy for these pipes.
These types of pipes have good resistance against electric current. They become
useless on increasing temperature. They also become useless on being tempered by
nail, etc.

8. 7. Asbestos Cement Pipe.
The asbestos pipe is made from asbestos, silica, and cement converted under pressure to
a dense, homogeneous material possessing considerable strength.
The asbestos fiber is thoroughly mixed with the cement and serves as reinforcement.
An asbestos-cement pipe is light in weight and can be assembled without skilled labor.
It can be joined to cast-iron pipe with lead or sulfur-base compounds

9. 8. Concrete Pipe.
The Pre-cast Concrete pipe is available in sizes up to 72 inches diameter, and sizes
up to 180 inches have been made on special order.
Precast Concrete pipes are reinforced except in sizes under 24 inches diameter. The
reinforcement may take the form of spirally wound wire or elliptical boom.
In large pipes, the reinforcement usually consists of two cylindrical cages. The
precast concrete pipe is usually made by rotating the form rapidly about the pipe
axis.
A concrete pipe should last at least 35 to 50 years under average conditions.
Alkaline water may cause rapid deterioration of thin concrete sections.

10. Vitrified Clay Pipe.
Vitrified Clay Pipe is not often used as pressure pipe, but is widely used in
sewerage and drainage for flow at partial depth.
The main advantage of vitrified clay pipe is that it is virtually corrosion-free, has a
long life, and its smooth surface provides high hydraulic efficiency.
The most common joint for vitrified clay pipe is the bell-and-spigot flexible
compression joint in which precision mated surfaces are in tight contact with one
another.