This document discusses various types of pressure pipes used in water supply systems. The main types discussed are cast iron pipes, steel pipes, reinforced cement concrete pipes, hume steel pipes, vitrified clay pipes, and asbestos cement pipes. For each type, the document outlines the material properties, sizes available, joining methods, advantages, and disadvantages. Cast iron pipes are described as moderately priced and durable but heavy. Steel pipes are presented as strong but corrosive. Reinforced cement concrete pipes have a long lifespan but are difficult to repair.

1. VARIOUS TYPES
OF PRESSURE
PIPE
1

2. Depending upon the construction material, the
pressure pipes are the following types:
Cast iron pipes
Steel pipes
Reinforced cement concrete pipes
Hume steel pipes
Vitrified clay pipes
Asbestos cement pipes
Miscellaneous types of pipes
2

3. CAST IRON PIPES
 Its used in water supply schemes, and
 Highly resident to corrosion
 Long life upto 100 years or so
 Manufactured in lengths of about 3.5m, and upto
6m.
 Joined together by bell and spigot joint or
expansion joint or flanged or threaded joint.
 Available in sizes up 1.20m or more dia.
3

4. ADVANTAGES OF C.I.PIPES:
 Moderate in cost
 Easy to join
 Withstand high internal pressure
 Strong and durable
 Service connections can be easily made
4

5. DISADVANTAGES OF C.I.PIPES:
 Unsuitable for pressures more than
0.7N/mm2
 When large , they are very heavy and
uneconomical.
 Heavy and difficult to transport.
 They are likely to break during
transportation or while making
connections.
5

6. STEEL PIPES
 Steel pipes of various thickness for with standing
different pressures
 Steel is strong in tension, even large size dia
pipes(say upto 6m or so) are withstanding high
internal pressures.
 Its frequently used for raw water mains, or
pumping mains.
 Difficult to making connections, its used for
distribution mains 6

7. ADVANTAGES OF STEEL PIPES
Easier to construct
More easily transported than cast iron pipes.
Life of 25 to 50yrs
Steel being much stronger than cast iron pipes
DISADVANTAGES OF STEEL PIPES
Steel pipes aren’t adopted to withstanding
external loads
Highly corrosive
7

8. CEMENT CONCRETE PIPES:
 It may be precast or cast-in-situ.
 P.C.C pipes are manufactured in small
size( upto a max of 0.6m dia)
 Cast in situ pipes are useful when the
site conditions are difficult and
difficult to carry the pipes.
 When pipes are cast at site, lesser
supervision and check is possible and
gets greater quality control. 8

9. ADVANTAGES OF C.C. PIPES
Inside surface can be smooth.
Low maintenance cost.
No corrosion and long life( about 75years)
Cast-in-situ pipes eliminate transport charges.
Easily cast either in factories or at site.
DISADVANTAGES OF C.C. PIPES
Affected by acids and salty waters.
Very difficult to repair and to make connections.
Cannot withstand high pressures and tensile stresses.
May crack during handling and transport operations
Porosity may cause leakages
9

10. R.C.C. PIPES
R.c.c pipes can be manufactured by
Pipes having bar and mesh
reinforcement
Pipes are made by lining thin cylinder
steel shells both internally and externally
with rich cement concrete.
10

11. HUME STEEL PIPES
 It consist of thin steel shell coated from inside
with C.M
 Tk of the inside coating varies from 1.2 to 3.75cm
depending upon the size of the pipe.
 And also coated from outside, to protect the steel
from external weather or soil action.
 The tk of steel shell depends upon the size of the
pipes and also pressure to be born by the pipe.
11

12. VITRIFIED CLAY PIPES:
 Generally not used as pressure pipes for carrying
water, used for carrying sewage and drainage.
 They are manufactured by moulding special quality
clay.
 They aren’t used as pressure pipes because clay is
very weak in tension, and formation of watertight
joints becomes difficult on them. 12

13. ASBESTOS PIPES:
 The asbestos fibre which is thoroughly mixed
with cement, serves as reinforcement.
 Available in diff sizes, say from 10 to 90 cm in dia
in about 4m lengths.
 Its withstand pressures of 350kN/m2
to
1400kN/m2
13

14. MISCELLANEOUS TYPES OF PIPES:
Various other materials which may be used for manufacturing
pipe conduits are
 Copper pipes
 Wrought iron pipes
 Plastic pipes
Copper pipes:
very costly and highly resistant to acidic as well as alkaline
waters.
They can be bent easily and don’t sag due to heat.
Therefore it is very useful for carrying hot water in the
interior of the building.
14

15. CONT…
Wrought iron pipes:
It is lighter than cast iron pipes and easily cut,
threaded and worked.
More costly but neat in appearance.
Generally manufactured in small sizes and useful
for indoor works.
Corrode quickly and less durable.
Plastic pipes:
Lighter and free from corrosion
Low strength and less durable.
They can’t withstand high temps exceeding 600
c
or so. 15