nm,./

1. Codes and conventions of print and
digitals magazines
I have chosen to look at beauty and fashion magazines for my digital and print. Most of these
magazines are created to inform people on upcoming or new trends and to focus on who is in
the spotlight now in both the fashion and beauty community. Most magazines within this
genre have the same aim and look quite similar. They usually follow the genes codes and
conventions.

2. Print front coverMasthead- The purpose of GLAMOUR is to entertain and inform its
audience. The first thing I would like to talk about would be the
masthead. This masthead is over the dominant image and it has a
holographic texture. This makes it stand out and makes it look quite
’trendy’ which would catch its young audience's eyes. The word
Glamour means “to look good” this goes alongside with the genre of
the magazine, with it being a fashion magazine that shows latest
trends created by influencers and celebrities. The GLAMOUR
masthead indicates what type of audience GLAMOUR has as a
magazine as it is really colourful, and stereotypically feminine. The
masthead is bold to show the importance of the name of the
magazine, it is also at the top of the magazine indicating the fact that
their audience is higher up.
Dominant image- The first thing I noticed about the dominant image
was the use of 3-point-lighting. The Photographers could have used
this to hide any flaws that Victoria Beckham has to make her look
irresistible and perfect. Victoria's pose shows her head tilted back
which again could suggest she is powerful and almost as if she is
relaxed because she isn’t held in a stiff up straight position. The way
her eyes are focused in onto the camera makes it seem like she is
trying to engage the audience and get people to purchase the
magazine because she is directly looking in your direction. It is an
extreme close up of her face to again show her imperfections,
beauty and potential power as it focuses on the main part of her
body however it could also be a close up to imply that she is wiling
to let you close enough to see any imperfections which would boost
readers confidence and empower other women. She also has
earrings in that could suggest wealth. wealth as she has several and
they're silver with one having a diamond coming from the bottom of
it implying her success.
The model- Victoria Beckham is a very successful women and they
enhance this and imply this by places her name at the bottom in
white over her dark clothing so it stands out they have done it so it
stands out and we can clearly see how important she is by this.
Victoria Beckham is an English businesswoman, fashion designer and
singer/ band member. In the late 1990s, she rose to fame
with the all-female pop group Spice Girls, and was known as
Posh Spice. Her girl band was the main source of her fame but
she later got into beauty and fashion and its inspired many
women. Having her as the model or influencer on the front
cover of GLAMOUR’s magazine would of drawn a lot of people
in to purchase the item.
By GLAMOUR using the phrase “beauty's new boss” it gives us
the impression that she is in control, she is powerful and
successful and this could actually again relate to why I think
main streamers, aspirers and potentially succeeders would
read this magazine and be inspired by the model because they
are painting the illustration behind her to inform readers and
focusing on the fact that she has been a very successful
women and these sets of people would want to be like that
too. The phrase is also in the colour pink which is again
stereotypically related to women, beauty and fashion.
Underneath this phrase they have her name in a very simple
white font which connotates innocence and shyness which
would be ironic as they are stating that she is the boss which
gives the audience the impression that she is quite confident.
However I think they could have also used this font and colour
so it doesn’t take away anything from her powerful look in the
dominant image. Underneath the simple font it also says “I
make the best of who I am” again giving us as an audience the
impression she is confident and successful which could be
another reason as to why those grades of people could be
most likely to purchase this magazine in particular.
Colour palette- The primary colours on the front cover also
give us the impression she is quite fun and creative as well as
kind. I think this because the white font represents innocence
and heavenly, friendly images are known to be related to this
colour, the pink and turquoise/blue border, outfit and writing
imply freshness and natural images come to mind which could
suggest the fact that she was naturally meant to be linked to
being a beauty boss. The colour pink is not only feminine but
it’s a hot pink which implies the fact that she could be really
fun and outgoing.

3. The cover lines are mainly focusing on the dominant
image suggesting that the magazine is mostly about her.
However on the bottom right corner it does have a
cover line talking about “the new neon skin” this is
something people would want to know about as it is
information on the latest and most recent trends which
links it to the gratification of information created by
Katz and Bulmer. If we were to talk about the grid we
could also point out that the 3 middle squares of the
grid would be focused around or on her eyes which
again implies power and that she she is trying to draw
you in directly.
Colour palette- The primary colours on the front cover
also give us the impression she is quite fun and creative
as well as kind. I think this because the white font
represents innocence and heavenly, friendly images are
known to be related to this colour, the pink and
turquoise/blue border, outfit and writing imply
freshness and natural images come to mind which could
suggest the fact that she was naturally meant to be
linked to being a beauty boss. The colour pink is not
only feminine but it’s a hot pink which implies the fact
that she could be really fun and outgoing.
The genre of this magazine is beauty and fashion aimed
at women. I think the magazine goes alongside with
codes and conventions if we talk about the fashion and
beauty part of it because that is stereotypically
something women enjoy. However looking at the front
cover with no research or back up on what the
magazine is it seems to challenges the codes and
conventions. I feel like the purpose of this magazine is
to make women feel powerful and confident.
Reader profile- I would say that the social grade that
this magazine falls into what would be C1 and maybe
B. I think this because it has a higher price then some
magazines. I feel like if it was in grade A the price of
the magazine would have been a little bit higher. I
personally think the people that purchase this would
be in middle class and the majority would be women
as the magazine is stereotypically aimed at females as
it takes about beauty and fashion. I found out that 83%
of GLAMOUR’s audience are in fact women and 17%
are men. I feel like the key audience of people that
would purchase this item would be mainstreamers
admirers and potentially succeeders because the
dominant image contains a picture of a very famous
women, people like succeeders, admirers and main
streamer could have a particular interest in Victoria
Beckham and GLAMOUR and they could be inspired to
try and be like her as well as other influencers and
celebrities who appear on the front cover of the
magazine or even inside the magazine. This magazine
cover connotes the key audience is middle-aged
people and potentially older teens and I feel like the
price of the magazine suits middle to high class income
so buying GAMOUR wouldn't’t be a struggle or
problem. GLAMOUR isn't a magazine you can just grab
at a local shop; you would have to go to a supermarket
or bigger store. The magazines website is made visible
and place right under the masthead. By doing this it
extends the brands platform and increases its
audiences as it can be purchased online too. On the
website it gives the audience a chance to join beauty
clubs, sign up to newsletters and share it with friends
which would make glamour's popularity increase and
more people would buy it.
Print front cover

4. Print double page spread
Dominant image- The dominant image takes over one full page which
could suggest just how important it actually is. It implies that magazine
wants you to focus on him. It’s a medium shot so you can see his body
when he’s sitting down and posing for the shot. The main focus of this
shot is his face and bare chest, his chest stands out on this image as he is
wearing all black and then its just bare skin. This would stereotypically
attract women as it’s a sultry image. If we focus on his face, we can see
that its at eye level with the audience members and he has direct mode of
address contact by looking straight at the camera and it almost pulls you
in to want to know more about him.
The necklace and leather jacket that he is amongst his bare chest are
placed in the centre of the shot suggesting that they want you to notice
them. (I used the 3 square grid to address this point) This would be
classed as a fashion statement and immediately give away the fact that it
is a fashion magazine as they're making a statement on their models. Next
I want to talk about the fact that he is sitting on a stool and it looks like he
is in a studio. This gives us the impression that Antoni is highly
professional and organised with him being in a studio instead of it being
on a street or with a busy background.
The background could have a few hidden meanings in it. The first one that
I thought of was the background being simple and plain with almost block
colours. This is ironic because when you read the article and the
masthead it tells us that his life isn’t simple and a lot of stuff has actually
happened in his “new world”. The next thing about the background that I
would like to talk about would have to be the colours. In the article Antoni
explains how he recently split with his partner of 7 years named Joey. This
suggests that he was in a same sex relationship and part of the LGBTQ+
community. The colours also represent this in the background and on the
masthead as it’s a mixed with both a females stereotypical colour, purple
and a males stereotypical colour, teal.

5. Article title- is very similar to what I mentioned about the background of the dominant image. It’s a very simple font, quite thin but quite tall. This again gives off the impression that his life is
very simple but when you read the article following on from it its actually the opposite so the idea behind the image of it being simple is very ironic. Again its got the sign of equality and
stereotypes being challenge by using the feminine colour and masculine colour for half of the masthead each. The Article title is in the style of a pull quote which is unique and stands out to
the audience.
Reader profile- The profile reader for the double page spread is very similar to the front cover. However succeeders, admirers and mainstreamers would all buy this magazine I fell like it would
attract the admirers and mainstreamers more than succeeders when it comes to reading just this page. The reason for that being succeeders are stereotypically only interested in the perfect
and successful lifestyle and although Antoni's lifestyle is successful its not all perfect and he opened up about it in the article. I feel as if it would attract maybe some succeeders and make them
want to read it but not all and I feel like most of the audience for this double page spread would be aspirers and mainstreamers because he openly talks about troubles he has face and how he
has overcome them and people would think that that is highly inspiring and want
to be like him. Although succeeders could focus more on the dominant image
then the article and be more fixed on it as his fashion statements in the
image are very ‘trendy’ and they could aspire and want to be just like him and
become successful to look like that. For social grades I would say it was the same
as the front cover being B,C1,C2. the reasoning behind this is because
of again his choice of clothing, the colours the jewellery, I think that would all fit
in with grade B and some of grade C1. and for grade C2 and some of C1 I think
it would fit into that category as he talks about his life and problems throughout
it so people could potentially relate, and it forms a connection with these
readers.
In this article there isn’t a strapline which usually helps the audience decide
whether they want to read the article or not. The kicker is shown in a bold font
to attract the audience and keep them drawn in. on this page there isn’t a drop
cap, which is used to indicate the start of the article and help the audience
navigate through the article so this challenges the codes and conventions.
The language and the register in this article are very informal which could make
the readers feel as if they were engaging and could have an in-detail intake on
the influencers life.
There is a lot Sub images with no captions which is unusual for a magazine but
They tell a story for example in the very bottom one, we see Antoni crying which
he actually mentions in the article, so we get to see what it was really like and how
he actually felt.
There is a Byline to give credit to the author and photographer along the side of
the dominant image and it catches your eye because it is sideways.

6. digital front cover
Masthead- The masthead for the digital version of GLAMOUR magazine has a very similar explanation as the print
GLAMOUR magazine. The masthead is again over the dominant image. This suggests just how important the magazines
name is and just how popular they are because it stand out upon the rest of the cover. The font is again a bold and big
text to attract readers and emphasise the popularity of brand of the magazine is. The masthead is a lilac to hold the
feminine image throughout the magazine. The magazine is stereotypically made for women (even though men do read it
too) so having a feminine colour as the masthead itself tells us a lot about the magazines audience, gender wise. On the
masthead you can see that very faintly there is some detail that makes it look like silk. This suggests that the magazine
and the model are both luxurious and it gives us the impression that the audience members are higher up in society.
Dominant image- The dominant image and the way it has been presented again has a very similar outcome as the print
piece of Victoria Beckham. The model in this piece looks as if she is highly confident by the way her hand is pressed up
against her neck and her head is slightly tilted to the side implying she is confident and powerful within her pose and
posture. It also implies that she is comfortable and relaxed, another thing that suggests this is the way her eyes are
slightly squinted. If we focus on her eyes we can see that she has a sense of power and seriousness because of the half
open gaze, she is gazing into the camera using direct mode of address to make the readers feel like they have to read and
engage to find out why she has this look of power and seriousness. The dominant image is of a very successful women in
the media today and it defeats the stereotypical idea of women not being successful, strong and powerful. If we look at
the way her makeup is we can see that it looks quite simple and natural but you can see her eyelashes still look long and
luxurious giving off a feminine image. We can see that she has a bright pink lipstick on which stands out amongst her vey
natural looking makeup look, it again shows us the feminine side of her. It looks like kylie Jenner has a warm toned light
pointed at her to look like the sun, it looks like this because she looks flawless. It almost looks like she is golden because
of the lighting so again it suggests that she is luxurious and wealthy.
The colour palette- the colour palette on this front cover is mostly what you would say a stereotypical ‘girly’ palette is. It
has very feminine colours speak across the whole page. The pastel and hot pink connotes that Kylie Jenner is young, very
feminine and fun. The purple/lilac colour for the masthead again suggests femininity and the idea of her being young and
rich. The white text suggests a slight illustration of innocence and freshness and it makes the sell lines stand out amongst
the vibrant colours which are spread out across the page. There is black text to which could go along with the serious
vibe that Kylie Jenner carries on this picture, it makes the website and price and other information stand out just like the
white text does. Going back to the white text, we can see that the models name is in thin, long and very large writing
with a white font that looks quite simple so it stands out against her vibrant clothing. It emphasises the power she has
over the rest of the magazine and how important she is. Right underneath her name it is the phrase “beauty icon”
suggesting she is successful in beauty and she has power over the beauty community showing us she is highly important.

7. Reader Profile- the reader profile for this magazine and front cover is similar to the Victoria Beckham front cover. I
would say that the social grade for this individual magazine would be around the B grade and C1 because she is very
popular and a lots of celebrities follow her and are inspired by her. I would say that it primarily has a female dominant
audience and I would suggest that the age range of this audience would be late teens to mid or late 20’s. the reason
for this is because the majority of Kylie Jenner's fans are around that age and they're most likely to follow in her
footsteps. I would personally say that the type of people who would read this magazine would be succeeders and
aspirers who are inspired and want to be successful like her. I would say that it was at a B grade because again I feel
like it would be more wealthy people who were interested in kylie's life as they could relate to it more. The magazine
overall s a company would have quite a high-class audience but with having such a popular influencer as the front
cover they would most likely have a larger amount of B grade people engaging with the magazine. It states that she is a
billionaire which could also encourage people of a higher class to read the magazine.
The cover lines are mainly associated with the beauty community instead of the model. However they are all linked as
she is labeled at the beauty icon throughout the magazine. The magazine seemed to have highlighted the key words
and most important parts that they want to draw the audience's attention with by colouring them them with a pink
shade. We could say that they are trying to make those points in pink seem important because their main story and
influencer is covered in this colour so its drawing attention to those parts as well as the influencer. For example the
price is highlighted and defined so people can easily see it.
If we look at the 3-point-grid we can see that right in the middle square, we have kylies' lips. There a vibrant colour
because she has obviously applied lipstick to them and it brings out the importance of the magazine being around
beauty and how she fits into it. One of the main things that started off Kylie Jenner's career was her lips because she
started a lip kit brand which went viral and its now turned into a whole cosmetics brand that is popular worldwide.
They might have focused the camera on her lips because that was the starting point of her popularity.
The influencer- Kylie K Jenner is an American media personality, model, businesswoman, and socialite. She has starred
in the E! reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians since 2007 with her family and now has her own
business where she is the founder and owner of cosmetic company Kylie Cosmetics. She first went viral when she had
lip injections to make her lips bigger as it was something, she was highly insecure about.
I think the purpose of this magazine is to show and encourage other people how to be confident and how to feel
powerful and be successful eventually on your own like she did and now she's a billionaire.
The genre of this magazine is beauty and fashion aimed at women; I think it’s a very very similar point that they try to
get across throughout the magazine as the Victoria Beckham one. I think the magazine goes alongside with codes and
conventions if we talk about the fashion and beauty part of it because that is stereotypically something women enjoy.
However looking at the front cover with no research or back up on what the magazine is it seems to challenges the
codes and conventions. I feel like the purpose of this magazine is to make women feel powerful and confident and as if
they can be just as successful as Kylie Jenner.

8. digital double page spread
Dominant image- the dominant image on this double page spread gives us the impression that Kylie Jenner is very confident and has a powerful stance in the
image. We can see that with her hand on her head and the tilted back head along with lifted shoulders. She is giving a half gazed very subtle but confident look in
this picture just like on the front cover of this magazine and we can see how she has her lips slightly parted too. Her makeup seems very, very natural and her hair
has a ’wet look’ to again create the idea that she is natural, and it doesn't’t take away the statement that she holds with the items she is wearing. She is wearing a
silver bold dress that could imply her wealth and success and to go alongside with this dress she has a big, bold silver ring that again makes her wealth stand out
amongst her beauty.
It has a full page for the dominant image to suggest that her looks and posture are really, really important. On the dominant image it has a pull quote stating “there
is no one I look up to more than my family. My sisters are my security blanket” this being on the dominant image suggests that it is one of the most important
things she says in the whole article.
There is a Pull quote with the dominant image, and it uses white text to stand out over the top
of her silver dress.
The article has a lot of sub images which challenges the codes and conventions,
They are set out like a collage of her life which intrigues the audience and gives
them a personal insight to her and they could feel that they are getting exclusive
content and an exclusive insight into her life.
There is also a lot of subheads which break up the article almost indicating a
timeline of her life as to how she become the women she is today. We have
a subhead in bold and black writing so it stands out and it says “me, my
selfie and i…” this suggests that its not a formal magazine and when you
Read he article, you can see that the writing is all the things she has said
personally when it comes to describing her life. Using language and register is
effective in this magazine as it helps the audience understand what she's really
like by her talking the way she normally would instead of being more formal in
interviews. Kylies double page spread has captions next to her sub images
which can be quite humorous for example the recent one id just spoken about
and “Kendall, the chief accomplice” the sisterly humor and love in some of
those captions and subheads could appeal to the audience and anchor the
images to the article.
To follow on from this double page spread and give us the impression that she is a very important and special influencer, she actually has more than one double
page spread which I will show in the next slides just so we can look and see how they all run the same layout and the same way.

13. conclusion
In conclusion GLAMOUR has similar ways in every singe one of their magazines to get their target audience
to buy their product. Both magazines I have covered in both magazine and print have used a dominant
image that has influencers that everybody is familiar with and heard of. In the pictures, the magazine uses
3 point lighting and warm lighting in all of them which gave the key signifier no complexes or
imperfections and they both equally have a flawless look to them. This can attract the female audiences as
they wish to have a flawless image and look perfect and beautiful just like the two influencers used, kylie
Jenner and Victoria Beckham. One disadvantage of the double page spread for a digital magazine is that
the reader has to constantly zoom in and out to read what the article s about however they can gather an
idea what is about due to the subhead. This sums up the article underneath the headline. Another
disadvantage of digital magazines is limitations. For example, people may not have been able to get access
to computers or laptops or any form of device or technology that they are aware of printed product
instore which makes them want to buy it so that they an carry it anywhere and can read it whenever they
want or need to.
On the other hand, an advantage for print magazines is that printed products are more reliable then digital
products as they are easier to find and you are able to take it anywhere with you will need to find a copy
on the website and you would have to be aware of adverts popping up, viruses, scams, and more.it is a
targeted marketing based on the readers common interests and needs and the audience is more focused
however it not not eco-friendly and it is in decline therefore results in being more expensive due to digital
magazines.

14. Technical considerations PRINT
• The size of the magazine, should it be A5 or A4
• Formatting text and considering the style of fonts to be used.
• You will have to create and save all of your Photoshop images and artwork in RGB color mode; it produces a wider range of colors and
allows you to use one image for several media, including print and Web.
• To successfully use an RGB image in adobe indesign, you first need to specify the appropriate color settings.
• Using a bleedline to ensure you do not cover the canvas. The impact would be when your printout your work, some words or images could
be missing.
• Use an even gutter line for your columns, making it easy for the reader to navigate.
• How the reader will navigate through the magazine. The contents page should highlight key pages and have correct page numbers. Articles
should use a running head so the reader can see at a glance an article they want to read. All pages should be numbered throughout the
magazine; and be right
• Layout considerations, how will the article look? Content needs to laid out evenly and keep headings on the same page as the text that
follows them. With print, users will not be scrolling down a screen, but rather flipping pages.
• Where can your readers buy/pick up a copy of your magazine? Supermarkets, gigs/festivals, music shops/clothing shops etc. Do you have
more options and potentially a wide audience through print than digital media. Consider how your magazine could be advertised digitally
and in print – someone in a shop could spot your magazine by chance and be interested, could the same happen with digital magazines?

15. Technical considerations DIGITAL
• Some apps do not fully support all digital magazines, therefore the look of the magazine will not be as intended by the
editor. This can be obvious when moving from portrait to landscape, the reader will not be able to see all of the page and
will have scroll to see the rest of the page/article interfering with the ease and interactive point of digital magazines.
• Some devices do not fully support digital magazines and therefore some buttons the reader would usually use on their
device will not link with the magazine, causing frustration for the reader.
• Some colours and fonts will not translate into digital and make not look the same, this will impact on the
message/meaning which is embedded into a text by the reader.
• For digital distribution there is Amazon which exclusively uses Mobe, and Barnes and Noble use epub. Check for other
digital distributors, but your options are more limited for digital magazines if you want to be creative with your magazine
you would want to use InDesign and create an interactive pdf – this desire to be creative is lost due to the limited digital
distributors and you would have to use their templates and formats; therefor losing its USP.
• How the reader will navigate the digital magazine, and move through the magazine, skipping pages if they want. How
audio files or videos will load and be displayed.
• Losing secondary source files, and the video/audio being withdrawn from the internet, would impact on your readers
experience and relevance of your article/review.
• How the reader, reads the article – do they have zoom in and out to read the article due to the device being used. This can
be frustrating for the reader.

16. Distribution
Print
Readers will be able to purchase a copy of the product in supermarkets, clothing shops, local
shops, order online and more.
Digital
For digital distribution there is amazon which exclusively uses mobe and barnes and noble use
epub. Options are limited for digital magazines, people use InDesign and more apps like this to
create interactive digital magazines. By doing this it could ruin ideas or plans as it is very limited
and you will have to use the digital distributor's templates and formats meaning you would
therefore be losing its USP.