The document provides information about disaster management in education from a national perspective in India. It discusses several major disasters that have impacted India, why disaster management is important, and vulnerabilities in the country. 57% of land is earthquake-prone, 12% flood-prone, and 85% vulnerable to natural hazards. The document outlines the seismic zones in India and discusses past disasters that have impacted schools, killing thousands of students. It emphasizes implementing disaster management plans, safety measures, and mock drills in schools to protect children.

1. Poonam Dahiya
District Project Officer, D.M. Gurugram
Department of Revenue & Disaster Management ,
Govt. of Haryana
Mobile No. 9991167111

2.  Disaster Management in Education -
National Perspective

3. Disasters both manmade and natural have
affected mankind since time in memorial

4.  Earthquake in Pakistan –
2005
 Earthquake and tsunami
in the Indian coast - 2004
 Gujarat Earthquake -
2001
 Floods in Mumbai, West
Bengal
 Cyclone: Rita, Wilma
etc…..
 Fire: Kumbakonam,
Dabwali
 Terrorist attack: Chechnya
And the list goes on and on……………

6. Why is Disaster Management
Important to Us?

7.  57% of the land area is prone to Earthquakes
 12% to Floods
 8% to Cyclones
 70% of the cultivable land is prone to drought
 85% of the land area is vulnerable to number of
natural hazards
 22 states are prone to multi hazards.
WHY? And WHAT about Man made
Disasters?

9. Seismic
Disturbances upto
Magnitude 4.9
Zone II
Moderate Risk
Quakes upto
Magnitude 6.9
Zone III
High Risk
Quakes upto
Magnitude 7.9
Zone IV
Very High Risk
Quakes of
Magnitude 8 and
greater
Zone V
Magnitude
Zone
Source: IS 1893 (Part 1) : 2002 (BIS)
Fig: 2.1.6

12. • Children are amongst the most vulnerable group;
There is a multiplier effect of educating the public
through the children;
• Schools are often used as evacuation centers
during a disaster event;
• Educational institutions are a major public
infrastructure, which can create long-lasting impact
on future generations
Why School…………….?
• 5,953 educational institutions were affected
during Pakistan Earthquake (17th November
2005), which killed around 19000 students and
875 teachers in the territory

13. Effective safe and welcoming schools
It is the goal of the school…
to provide a quality education in a safe
and secure environment.
Safe School: A Definition
A secure and peaceful environment that allows
students and staff to achieve at optimum levels.
School Safety: A learning Matter

14.  Students spend more than 30% of their day at school
 If any disaster strikes while students are at school, it will wipe
out years of development
 Children have specific vulnerabilities and possess capacities
which can be addressed to have their active participation in
disaster risk reduction
 Children, when provided with learning and supportive
environment, are able to cope with adverse situations and
contribute to build their own resilience
 Parents, school teachers, government and other duty bearers
have to provide these support to children

15. Am I safe in
my school?

16. High Damage Risk Zone
Moderate Damage Risk
Zone
Low Damage Risk Zone
Thurst
Seismic Zones of Haryana on fault-line basis

19. Fire Tragedy in School…
23 Dec 1995, Dabwali,
Haryana
 Annual function at DAV Public
school, December 1995:
A synthetic tent, inside the
building, caught alight when an
electric generator short-circuited.
The fire spread quickly and
blocked the main entrance.
Many of the deaths were caused
by the resultant stampede as
1,500 people tried to escape
through the single exit door.
 425 people died in the fire, and
another 160 were injured, half of
them with serious burns.

20. 26 Jan 2001,
Gujarat Earthquake …..
 971 students and
31 teachers died.
 1,884 building collapsed
 5,950 classrooms
collapsed
 11,761 school buildings
suffered major and
minor damages
 Education system
totally collapsed

21.  The fire started from the kitchen where mid day meal was being prepared.
 94 children of class I to V died and 18 injured
 “The dead included 28 boys, 38 girls and the bodies of others were
charred beyond recognition, District Magistrate J Radhakrishnan said”
 The school had no fire fighting equipment, and no proper exit.
 Students of senior classes escaped safely. The staff too fled instead of
trying to rescue the children.
 The Justice Sampath Commission of Enquiry held that the tragedy was
due to utter disregard for safety norms.

32.  In 1997, bus fall into the Yamuna river in North Delhi
killed 24 children.
 16 April, 2008 , Baroda bus tragedy
 47 children died when the us fell into the Narmada canal
 21 January 2009, Guda malani road accident
 12 school children died and 26 were seriously injuried in
Guda malani town of Rajashthan

33. Direct Effects
• Damaged school buildings, lab, resources
• Injured students, teachers, school staff
Indirect Effects
• Increased Drop out rates
• Lost of trust in education institution
• Decrease in education quality
• Increased stress
• Psycho Social Impacts

34.  Planning for safer national development
 Disaster prevention, mitigation and
preparedness measures
 Capacity building
 Training and education at all levels

35.  Inclusion of disaster management in school
curriculum
 Disaster management, awareness and
preparedness in schools.
 Safety of school from natural hazards –
structural and non structural.
 Preparation of the Disaster Management Plans
at school level

36.  A safe school is either
a school which is
located in a hazard
free area, or one that
has been constructed
to withstand the
hazard to which it is
exposed.
 A safe school will not
collapse or get
affected if a disaster
happens.

38. “ Children cannot be compelled to receive education from an unsafe
building”.
 No new Govt or Private schools to be given affiliation if the building/s did not have
fire safety measures & earthquake resistant structures.
 Safety measures as per National Building Code of India 2005 to be implemented
by all schools.
All existing Govt & Private schools shall install fire extinguishing equipment within
a period of 6 months.
School buildings to be kept free from inflammable & toxic material or stored safely.
 Evaluation of structural aspect of school buildings must be carried out periodically.
 Staff must be trained in fire extinguishing equipment .
State Education Secretary to file affidavit of compliance within 30 days.
-- Bench comprising of Justices D. Bhandari & HS Bedi.--

39. Objectives…..
 To sensitize school administration regarding primary, secondary,
and tertiary effects of disasters.
 To build a systematic response mechanism at school level for
efficient disaster management through School Disaster
Management Plan.
 To ensure special needs of children in evacuation, transportation,
sheltering, repatriation of families and continuity of services post-
disaster are understood in the preparedness phase.

40. School selection of school should be based on existing hazards
inside and outside the school complex like…
 Location of School
 Electric wiring
 Kitchen
 structure of stairs
 width of door of class rooms
 condition of school building
 Equipments in lab.
 Strength of students in class.
 Water facilities
 etc

41.  HRVC analysis for school
 Non Structural audit
 Fire Audit
 Electrical Audit
 Structural audit
 Rapid Visual Screening
 Training
 Early warning, communication and awareness generation
 Search and Rescue
 Evacuation
 Fire Safety
 First-Aid
 Water and sanitation
 Road Safety
 Evaluation of plan
 Mock Drill
 Review and update plan

42.  Teachers need to be sensitized to their responsibilities
for the safety and well being of children.
 Teachers need to be equipped with adequate knowledge
and wherewithal to protect their students in the event of
emergencies.
 Teachers need to build up their competencies, skills and
attitudes towards School saftey.

43.  Children should be sensitized for various possible disasters in school.
 Children should not be scared of disaster.
 Children should be prepared for disasters and sensitive towards safety
measures.
 Children should further take message to the community and implement
safety measures.
 Children should hence become well aware and responsible resource for
DRR.

44.  Preparation of Seismic Hazard Maps and School Building
Assessment
 Training for school teachers on earthquake preparedness
programming for school children
 Dissemination of information on earthquake preparedness
for school children.
 Earthquake Safety Drills
 Identification of Evacuation Route
School Specific safety Programme in India

45. School Building Assessment
Earthquake Vulnerability assessment of 60 buildings in three Cities
School building Assessment Using Smith Hammer, Ferro scan, altar sonic devise
28 schools
ToT: 60 teachers
Students received direct
training of the drills: 2800

46. Preparation of Earthquake Evacuation Plan for School
Activities
• Survey of Schools considering
layout of the school buildings,
fields and surrounding
environment.
• Use of Signs at required places to
guide the students towards
evacuation places.
• Evacuation plan is hanged at
main areas of each school so that
students can understand the plan
and follow it.

47. Activities
• Development of “Training Manual for
Earthquake Safety and Preparedness” – for
the teachers
• Orientation workshops for school principals
and technical officers
• Train the teachers practically in the field to
prepare for earthquake evacuation and drill
practice.

48. Dissemination of information on earthquake
preparedness for school children
Activities
• Class lecture for school children to
disseminate ideas about earthquake
and preparedness in this regard
• Train the students to prepare for
Mock drill exercise in the schools
along with the teachers.

49. Earthquake Safety Drills
Activities:
• Students were divided into
several groups to play different
role during an earthquake.
• Demonstration took place in the
respective schools premises
where evacuation routes were
identified earlier and marked
with different arrows.

50.  The process was initiated with a set of
recommendations to be put in place by the
state govt. from Home Secretary to the Chief
Secretaries of the states- one of them being
DM in EDUCATION.
 Introduction of DM in Class VIII, IX and X as
part of the frontline curriculum by CBSE.
 Many of the state Boards have already
introduced DM in school syllabi.

51.  Class VIII
1. Being prepared – a vital part of disaster
management
2. Earthquakes
3. Cyclones
4. Floods
5. Droughts and
6. Manmade Disasters

52. 1. Being a disaster manager – Understanding key
terms.
2. Components of disaster management
3. Introduction to disaster risk management –
Understanding disaster mitigation.
4. Specific hazards and mitigation.
 Earthquake, landslide, food, cyclone and drought
5. Preventing common manmade disasters
 Fire, rail and road accidents, terrorist attacks

53. 1. Introduction
2. Tsunami - the killer sea wave
3. Survival skills
4. Alternative communication
systems….during disasters.
5. Safe constructional practices
6. Sharing responsibilities
7. Planning Ahead

54. ◦ Introduction
 Child rights and emergencies
◦ Gender and Disaster Management
◦ Role of Community in disaster Management
◦ Role of Local Level institutions in Disaster
Management

55.  Introduction to concepts
 Flood
 Cyclone
 Earthquake
 Tsunami
 Landslide

56.  Teachers training
programme
 33 teachers’ trained so
far by CBSE
 Training of teachers by
the States.
Disaster Management NOT a subject but…………..
A NECESSARY LIFE SKILL

57. Training on Self Defence by Civil Defence in
NP Girls Senior Secondary School.

60.  Schools to prepare
DM plans based on
the hazard that they
are vulnerable to.
◦ More than 500 plans
have been prepared

61. 1. Sensitisation meeting for awareness Teachers, School
Management and students.
2. Formation of School Disaster Management Committee
• School principal
• Vice principal
• Sub Divisional Magistrate of the area
• DEO (District Education Officer)
• President of Parents Teachers Association
• Parents (1-2)
• Local Medical Officer
• Market trader association
• Fire Officer
• Police
• Members of Civil Society (NCC,NSS, Red Cross, Scouts and Guides)
• 4 Students

62. 3. Hazard identification
• History of disasters
• Identification of potential hazard
• Preparation of seasonality calendar
4. Inventory of resources
5. Mapping
• Social Mapping
• Resource Mapping
• Vulnerability / Risk Mapping
• Safe and Opportunity Mapping

63.  Class rooms in the school building
 Laboratories
 Play Ground
 School Canteen
 Library

64.  Human resources
 School Buses
 Generators
 Fire extinguishers
 Stretchers
 Drinking water sources
 Health Centre in the school

65.  Children in pre- school and primary section
 Physically challenged
 Identification of potentially vulnerable areas
in the school

66.  Identification of safe places in the school
 Alternative staircases/ routes to be identified

67. Early Warning Team
School teacher
Student (3 nos. most communicative)
Activity/ Event Organising Team
Disaster management teacher
Art and Craft teacher Music teacher
Prefects/ active students

68. Search and Rescue
Sports teachers
Male teacher
Prefect (students 2nos)
Evacuation
All class teachers

69. ◦ First Aid team
 Resident doctor of the school/medical consultant
 Teachers 2nos.
 Students 2 numbers (10th / 12th class)

70. Fire safety
Teachers (2 numbers)
Students (4 numbers, 10th class)
Site security team
School security staff
Teacher (1 numbers)
Students (2 numbers)

71.  Search and Rescue
First Aid
Trauma Counseling
Fire fighting

73.  Drills to be carried out twice a year
 Drills should be hazard specific

74.  Plans to be updated every six months
 Plan to be approved by the Disaster
Management Committee

75.  Development of training modules for the
teachers and teacher educators’.
 Safety in Schools
 Midday meals
 Health, well being and safety of students

76.  Focus on structural and non-structural
safety.

77. School Building

81. Making Schools Safer Before the Next Disaster Strikes
Bicycle rickshaw driver taking children home after School. New Delhi.

82. Enhancing emergency response through
mock drill/ Simulation Exercise

83. Learning objective
Define the mock drill or exercise
Need and importance of the mock drill
Explain the phases to organize mock drill for
earthquake
Precaution need to taken in organizing mock
drill
Define requirements for managing evacuation
and rescue operations
Demonstrate the mock drill

84. What is Mock Drill ?
Mock drill is a exercise / scenario organized
to assess the level of preparedness and
check the response procedure pertaining to
any disaster is followed

85. Why Mock drill or Exercise ?
To test emergency preparedness level of the school
To correct mistakes of various role players in the school.
To avoid misunderstanding in roles and responsibilities
For better coordination among the teams
To make it accustom so as to react instantly/correctly
To check the proper functioning of instruments used by disaster
response teams (Task forces) as per SDMP.
To test various elements of the SDMP and train teachers, school staff
and students on how to practice proper actions.

86. Mock drill can be organised for all the disasters
Earthquake Management Drill

87. Phase 1: Alarm
Earthquake shaking warning is
given for one minute.
This will be a pre-arranged
signal such as siren/bell which
is known to whole school.
Phases of Drill

88. Phase 2: Response
Duck, cover, hold
& other response
action will be
performed in class
rooms
If outside go
away from tall
buildings/

89. Once the “shaking” warning
signal stops, teachers and
students should Check the
building damage and take
decision to evacuate the
building following proper
evacuation procedures
or
If building is damaged stay in
the building.
Phase 3: Evacuation

90. Phase 4: Assembly
Whole school Staff /teachers/ students will assemble as per
their class at the pre determined assembly point.

91. Teachers will take
the attendance and
check with daily
attendance sheet.
Make list of
absentees and
activate the search
and rescue team
/first aid team
Phase 5: Head ount

92. An evaluation of the drill must be conducted to identify
problems encountered during the drill and how this can
be corrected in future earthquake drills.
Phase 6. Evaluation

93. Precaution
 Display the Dos & Don'ts and Evacuation Plan of
your school building with safe and unsafe places.
 Every class must be oriented & a movie on mock
drill should be shown.
 Observers should be located at danger places to
prevent any injury

94.  All Students & staff members must be aware
about assembly point & warning sign for drills.
 Each class room should be checked for damaged
benches & other furniture which may harm
students during drill.
 Identify safe & danger zone in school & find out the
solution for danger zone.

95.  Explain evacuation plan to students, teachers &
other staff of school
 Give specific instructions on what to do during an
earthquake e.g., Duck, Cover & Hold.
 Give specific instructions about what to do as soon
as the shaking stops e.g., Don’t run walk fast.
 Inform students & teachers about evacuation route
& assembly point.

96. Actual conduction of drill
 Prior to drill identify & assign observer at various
point.
 A bell/siren will be blown for one minute, which
signifies earthquake shaking.
 During the warning all the students /teachers will
do Duck, Cover & Hold.
 As soon as warning signal stops, the teacher of
particular class check the building damage if any
and decide to evacuate the pre determined
assembly point
 Class teacher and class leader will leave the room
in last.

97.  School’s Evacuation task force will guide in
evacuating the building.
 Those who are assumed to be injured will remain in
their class.
 Teacher will ensure that all person have evacuated
properly.
 After head counting is done different task forces
will be activated as below,

98. Search & Rescue Task Force

99. First Aid Task Force

100. Fire Safety Task Force

101. Building Evacuation Routes

102. Orientation Programme for Teachers

103. Orientation Programme for Students

104. Earthquake Drill
Duck, Cover, Hold Demonstration

105. Assembled after Evacuation

106. Light Search and Rescue of Missing Student

108. Let us learn lessons from earlier
tragedies & make our school a safer place
for children….

110. Thank You 