Composite masonry refers to walls constructed using two or more building materials. Common types of composite masonry include stone facing with brick backing, stone slab facing with brick backing, brick facing with concrete backing, ashlar facing with brick backing, and ashlar facing with rubble backing. Composite masonry is used to reduce costs while providing durable, high quality materials on the surface and concealing inferior work. Reinforced brick masonry incorporates steel reinforcement to increase strength and allow the masonry to resist tensile, compressive, and shear stresses, making it suitable for seismic areas.

1. COMPOSITE
MASONRY

2. COMPOSITE MASONRY
• When walls are constructed with two or
more types of building materials it is term as
composite masonry.
• The composite masonry are adopted due
to following reasons:
1.It reduces overall cost of construction.
2.This make the structure more durable by
providing materials of better quality and good
workmanship in the faces.

3. 3. It improves the appearance of the structure
by concealing the inferior work.
4. It makes the used of locally available
materials to obtain optimum economy.

5. COMPOSITE MASONRY:
1. Stone facing with brick backing.
2. Stone slab facing with brick backing.
3. Brick facing with concrete backing.
4. Ashlar facing with brick backing.
5. Ashlar facing with rubble backing.

6. STONE FACING WITH BRICK BACKING.
• In this type of composite masonry a wall is
constructed in brick work and stones are
provided on facing to appear if constructed in
stone.
• It is adopted to improve the appearance of
the structure at the lesser cost.

8. STONE SLAB FACING WITH BRICK
BACKING:
• In this type of composite masonry a wall
is constructed in brick work and stone slab are
used in facing.
• The stone slab seldom exceed 5 to 10cm
in thickness and are properly secured to the
brick backing.
• The stone may be used natural or
artificial.

9. BRICK FACING WITH CONCRETE BACKING.
• In this type of construction bricks are used
as facing material and concrete as backing .
• This type of construction is adopted to get
the strength of concrete and the aesthetic of
bricks .

11. ASHLAR FACING WITH BRICK BACKING.
• In this type of composite masonry rough
tooled and chamfered stones are provided in
facing while brick work is provided in backing.
• It is preferable to use the height of ashlar
as a multiple of brick thickness plus masonry
joints .

13. ASHLAR FACING WITH RUBBLE BACKING.
• In this type of composite rough tooled and
chamfered stones are provided in facing while
rubble masonry in backing .
• This may reduce the cost of construction
as the rubbles are available at a cheap rate.

15. Reinforced Brick Masonry
• Brick work strengthened by introduction of mild steel flats,
hoop iron, expanded mesh or bars is termed as reinforced
brick masonry. This reinforced brick masonry is capable of
resisting both compressive as well as tensile and shear stress.
On account of its ability to resist lateral forces, reinforced
brick masonry is extensively used in seismic areas. It is
essential to use first class bricks (having crushing strength of
140 kg/sq. cm or more) and rich and dense cement mortar in
the reinforced brick work. The reinforcement should be
effectively bedded and surrounded with mortar cover of 15 to
25 cm. This is necessary to protect the reinforcement against
corrosion.

18. • Reinforced brick masonry is frequently adopted for
the construct ion of retaining walls especially in
places where exposed brick work is necessary from
architectural considerations.
• Such a wall is made by using special bricks (having
grooves for accommodating reinforcing bars) in
cement mortar 1 : 3 and reinforced with vertical MS
rounds placed near each face. Horizontal
reinforcement in the form of steel meshed strips are
also provided at every third or fourth course.