Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 12th issue, published on February 15, 2011.

1. o;leq s] s] <
g ;]n]lS6e ;le{;================@
g gful/s aGg k|Zg–pQ/======@
g tkfO{sf lhDd]jf/Lx?========@
g wd{;Gtfg slt ag]============#
g clk|msg–cd]l/sg stf===#
g zx/sf ;8s ;'/lIft========#
g vfgf o:tf] xf];=================#
g cd]l/sf a9]s} 5==============#
g d'6' dlxgfM km]a|'c/L==========$
g casf !% lbg==================$
g s]lx hfgsf/L====================$
g cIfl/sf kfpg] 7fpF=========$
@)!! km]a|'c/L bf];|f]
jif{ ! c+s !@
;Dkfblso
yf]/} yf]/}
lbgdf # k6s vfg] cf}ifwL Ps}
k6s vfg'x'Fb}g. b'O{ 5fs Ps}k6s
vfFbf :jf:Yo–;d:of x'g] t ;a}nfO{
yfxf 5. ;DklQcfh{g klg Ps}k6s
x'Fb}g. cfˆgf] pGglt clg kl/–
jf/sf] k|ult lj:tf/} x'G5. cfkm"kl5
;dfh x'Fb} /fi6« aG5. dfbskbfy{
vfg]n] w]/} vfof] eg] s] ljklQ
em]N5< uf8Lsf] ult tf]lsPsf]
eGbf a9L hfFbf s] x'G5<
1fg To:t} xf], lj:tf/} k|fKt
x'G5. l;s]/ ;lsb}g. efiffsf] s'/f
c?eGbf km/s 5}g. cIfl/sfsf
k|To]s c+sn] lbg vf]h]sf] klg
To;/L g} xf]. yf]/} / lj:tf/}.
wGojfb
k|To]s lxp“bdf 3/df cfunfuL
x'g] 36gf a9L /x]sf 5g. 3/
ttfpg] / cfkm" Gofgf] /xg] k|of;
ubf{ o:tf 36gf ePsf x'g.
o:tf 36gfn] kl/jf/sf ;b:osf]
:j:Yo / ;'/Iffdf w]/} c;/
u5{. rf/ jif{ jf Tof]eGbf ;fgf
pd]/sf gfgLx? 3fOt] x'g] /
pgLx?sf] hLjg hfg] 36gf emg}
a9]sf 5g. t/ o:tf w]/} 36gf t
/f]syfd ug{ ;lsg]5g.
s] eO/x]sf] 5<
;+3Lo cfktsflng Joj:yfkg
lgof]u (Federal Emergency Man-
agement Agency;FEMA_lkmdf) n]
;g @)!! km]a|'c/L !# df o:tf
36gfaf/] Pp6f k|ltj]bg NofPsf]
lyof]. pQm k|ltj]bg ;g @))& sf]
tYof+s s]nfP/ agfOPsf] lyof].
To; k|ltj]bgdf elgPsf] 5M
l c? dflg;eGbf cfunfuLdf !%
jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf gfgLx?sf]
lgwg ePsf] 5.
l o:tf 36gfdf lgwg ePsf
s"n afnaflnsfdf % jif{eGbf
sd pd]/sf %@ k|ltzt 5g. oL
gfgLx? eg]sf cfkm}+ aflx/ hfg
;Sb}gg.
l aflnsfeGbf a9L afns cfu–
nfuLdf k/]sf 5g.
l cfunfuLdf kg]{df clk|msg–
cd]l/sg gfgL a9L /x].
l ;g @))& df dfq % ;o !)
cfunfuLaf6 ;fgfsf] ;'/Iff
;fgf gfgL -!% jif{eGbf sd
pd]/sf_ sf] cfunfuLdf lgwg
ePsf] lyof] . To; jif{ ! xhf/
( ;o afnaflnsf cfufnfuLaf6
k|efljt ePsf lyP .
ptf /fli6«o clUg/Iff ;+3
(National Fire Protection As-
sociation) sf cg';f/ jif{df
# xhf/ % ;o cd]l/sL
cfunfuLdf lgwg x'G5 eg]
!* xhf/ # ;o 3fOt] x'G5g.
cleofg cf/De
;+3Lo cfktsflng Joj:yfkg
lgof]u -lkmdf_, cd]l/sL
clUg k|zf;g (U.S. Fire Ad-
ministration), afnaflnsf
tyf ljklQ;DaGwL /fli6«o
cfof]u (National Commis-
sion on Children and Di-
sasters) n] d'n'ssf ljleGg
;+:yf;Fu ;g @)!! dWo–
km]a|'c/Lb]lv afn/Iffsf nflu
r]tgf a9fpg] /fli6«o cleofg
rnfPsf 5g. kl/jf/ / ;d'bfon]
afn /Iffsf nflu Psh'6 x'g
cfXjfg ul/Psf] 5. oL ;+:yfn]
;fdfGo pkfo cjnDag ubf{
o:tf ljklQ gcfpg] atfPsf
5g. o;af/] cem a9L hfGg
lgDg j]a;fO6df hfg ;lsG5M
http://www.ready.gov/kids-
firesafety
s"n lgwgdf !# k|ltzt
afnaflnsfsf] x'G5. 3fOt]dWo]
!! k|ltzt afnaflnsf x'G5g.
s;/L o:tf] ePsf] xf]<
3/df aflng] lah'nLsf] lx6/,
cfuf] tfKg] r'Nxf] jf cs:dft
lah'nL hfFbf aflng] d}gaQL
cflbaf6 cfunfuL ePsf] kfOG5.
lxpF k/]/ b]z lr;f] eO/x]sf]
gf]e]Da/df o:tf 36gf a9]sf]
km]dfsf lgb]{zs qm]u km'u]6n]
atfpg' ePsf] 5.
;/n pkfo s] s] x'g<
o:tf 36gf x'g glbg tnsf
pkfo nufpg ;lsG5M
l 3/ ttfpg cf]eg (oven)
slxNo} k|of]u gug'{xf];.
l cfuf] jf 3/ ttfpg] oGq
(Fireplace) cflbsf] # lkm6
j/k/ s]lx klg g/fVg'xf];.
gfgLnfO{ j/k/ v]Ng glbg'xf];.
l bfp/f afn]/ cfuf] tfKg] r'Nxf]
jf w'Fjf hfg] lrDgL (Chimney)
a]nfa]nf ;kmf ug'{xf];.
l tftf] kfg]{ oGqn] kf]N5 eGg]
;fgf gfgLnfO{ l;sfpg'xf];.
l cfktsflng cj:yfdf 3/
af6 aflx/ lg:sg'kbf{ s;f]
ug]{ l;sfpg'xf];. o;/L lg:sg]
csf]{ af6f] x'g'k5{.
l w'Fjf jf cfuf]sf] 36gf x'g
nfUbf hgfp lbg] pks/0f l7s
cj:yfdf /fVg'xf];.

2. @
!= cd]l/sfsf] ;jf]{Rr sfg'g s] xf]<
(What is the supreme law of the land?)
– cd]l/sL ;+ljwfg (U.S. Constitution).
@= cd]l/sL ;+ljwfgn] ug]{ d'Vo # sfd
s] s] x'g< (What does the Constitution
do?)
– s= ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug]{
(sets up the goverment),
v= ;/sf/sf] kl/efiff ug]{
(defines the goverment), /
u= cd]l/sL gful/ssf] cfwf/e"t clwsf/sf] /Iff ug]{
(protects basic rights of Americans).
#= cd]l/sfsf] ;+ljwfg s'g tLg zAbdf cfwfl/t 5<
(The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitu-
tion. What are these words?)
– xfdL hgtf (We the People).
-xfdL hgtf eGgfn] …xfdL cd]l/sL hgtfÚ xf]._
[‘xfdL cd]l/sL hgtf’ jfSof+zaf6 ;+ljwfg o;/L k|f/De ePsf] 5M
xfdL ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf hgtfn] Ps kl/:s[t ;+3 :yfkgf
ug,{ Gofo k|flKt ug,{ b]zdf zflGt–;'/Iff ;'lglZrt ug{,
nf]ssNof0f ;+j4{g ug{ tyf xfdL / xfd|f ;GttLx?sf] eljio
;'lglZrt ug{ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf nflu of] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
u/L hf/L u/]sf 5f}+ (We the People of the United States, in Order to
form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquil-
ity, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare,
and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do
ordain and establish this Constitution for the
United States of America.)]
;]n]lS6e ;le{; s] xf]<
;]n]lS6e ;le{; (Selective Service)
cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] Pp6f ljz]if
;]jf–k|0ffnL xf]. o; ;]jf–k|0ffnLcGtu{t
/x]/ b]zsf o'jfn] /fi6«sf lglDt sfd
ug'{kg]{ x'G5. of] ;]jfnfO{ Ps lgof]u
(Agency) dfkm{t /flvPsf] 5.
of] ;'ljwf slxn] / s;n] lbg]<
cd]l/sL o'jfn] o; ;]jf–k|0ffnLdf
clgjfo{ hfg} kg]{ lgod 5. pQm
;]jf lbgsf nflu cfkm"n] !*cf}+ hGdlbg dgfPsf] #) lbgleq o;
;]jfdf clgjfo{ ?kdf cfˆgf] gfd btf{ ug'{k5{.
pQm ;]jf lbg lgDg cj:yf 5gM
-!_ cd]l/sfdf a;f]af; ug]{ !* b]lv @^ jif{sf] dflg;.
-@_ k'?if x'g'k5{.
of] ;'ljwf s;/L lbOG5<
;]n]lS6e ;le{;n] k|foMh;f] o'4sf] ;dodf ;}lgs ;]jfdf af]nfpg
;S5. clxn] ;a} cd]l/sL ;]gfsf ;b:o :jo+;]js 5g.
gfd btf{ u/]g eg] s] x'G5<
o;df btf{ x'Fbf o'4df dfq sfd nfUg] eg] xf]Og. o;sf ljleGg
kmfObf 5g. o;df btf{ x'Fbf ;/sf/n] b]zdf !* b]lv @^ jif{sf o'jf
slt 5g eGg] tYof+s klg kfpF5.
btf{ gug{]nfO{ :yfoL a;f]af;sf nflu gful/stf k|fKt ug{ sl7g
x'g klg ;S5. gful/stf lng] a]nfdf tkfO{{n] ;]n]lS6e ;le{;sf]
btf{ gDa/ a'emfpg'k5{.
o; ;]jfdf btf{ x'Fbf gful/stfafx]s ljleGg sfo{qmddf ;xeflu
x'g / ;'ljwf kfpg klg tkfO{nfO{ ;lhnf] x'G5, h:t}M ;/sf/L
5fqj[lQ, ljBfyL{ C0f kfpg, /f]huf/L tflnd lng, ;+3Lo ;/sf/
sf hflu/ vfg.
gfd btf{ s;/L ug]{<
btf{sf nflu tkfO{ s'g} x'nfs sfof{no hfg ;Sg'x'G5 jf
;]n]lS6e ;le{;sf] j]a;fO6
(www.sss.gov) df uO{ kmf/d
eg{ ;Sg'x'G5. -;Fu}sf] tl:a/
o; ;le{;sf] j]a;fO6sf] xf]._
cfkm" btf{ eP÷gePsf]
;le{;sf] j]a;fO6df
x]g{ ;lsG5 tyf *** ^%%
!*@% jf *$& ^** ^***
df kmf]g u/]/ a'emg ;lsG5 .
;]n]lS6e ;le{;sf] Oltxf; s:tf] 5<
/fi6«klt ca|fxd lnªsg (Abraham Lincoln) n] o'4 x'Fbf
;a}n] o'4df hfg'kg]{ lgod Nofpg vf]Hg'ePsf] lyof]. of] k|:tfjnfO{
w]/} dflg;n] dgk/fPgg, l/;fP / lj/f]w u/]. ;g !(!& df
cd]l/sL ;+;bn] ;]n]lS6e ;le{; P]g (Selective Service Act) kfl/t
u¥of]. o; P]gn] /fi6«klt p8«f] ljN;g (Woodrow Wilson) nfO{
klxnf] ljZjo'4df c:yfoL ?kdf ;]gfsf] ;+Vof a9fpg] clwsf/ lbof].
;g !($) df /fi6«klt k|mfGslng ?he]N6 (Franklin Roosevelt) n]
;]n]lS6e ;le{;;DaGwL tflnd tyf ;]jf P]g Nofpg'eof]. olx g} of]
;]jfsf] ;'?jft xf].
gful/stf -l;l6hgl;k_
6]:6sf s]lx k|Zg
tkfO{+sf lhDd]jf/Lx?
cd]l/sfsf] :yfoL jfl;Gbfsf x}l;otn] tkfO{+sf clwsf/ hlt 5g,
plQs} lhDd]jf/Lx? 5g. tL lhDd]jf/Lx? o:tf 5gM
á ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] ;+3Lo, /fHo:t/ / :yfgLo sfg'gsf]
kfngf ug'{xf];.
á ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] ;+3Lo, /fHo:t/ / :yfgLo s/
a'emfpg'xf];.
á !* b]lv @^ jif{ ;Ddsf k'?if eP, ;]n]lS6e ;le{; (Selective
Service) df gfd btf{ ug'{xf];.
á cWofudg sfg'gcg';f/ rNg'xf]; -pQm sfg'g pNn3+g gxf];_.
á cfkm" hxfF hfFbf klg ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] :yfoL jfl;Gbf xf]
egL hgfpg] k|df0fkq -kl/rokq_ ;fy} /fVg'xf];. To:tf k|df0fkq
-kl/rokq_ sf] ;docjlw tf]lsPsf] x'G5.
á olb tkfO+{ a;fO{+ ;g'{eof] eg] cd]l/sfsf] u[x ;'/Iff ljefu (US
Department of Home Land Security) sf] gful/stf tyf cWofudg
;]jf (USCIS) nfO{ ;"rgf lbg'xf];. tkfO{+n] 7]ufgf abNg' ePdf !)
lbgleq USCIS nfO{ ;"rgf lbg' k5{.

3. #
P3f/ xhf/ wd{;Gtfg
;g @)!) df ljZjsf ljleGg b]zsf !! xhf/
%( hgf afnaflnsfn] cd]l/sL cleefjs
kfP. pgLx?nfO{ wd{;Gtfgsf ?kdf u|x0f
(Adoption) u/L cd]l/sf NofOPsf] 5. tLdWo]
#) hgf g]kfnsf 5g eg] e"6fgaf6 Ps
hgfnfO{ cd]l/sf NofOPsf] 5.
;g @)!) sf] ;+Vof ;g @))( sf] eGbf
sd xf]. ;g @))( df !@ xhf/ & ;o %# n]
kfPsf lyP. ;g @))$ sf] eGbf ;g @)!)
df cd]l/sL cleefjsTj kfpg] afnaflnsfsf]
;+Vof %) k|ltzt sd ePsf] 5. ;g @))$
df @@ xhf/ * ;o *$ ljb]zL afnaflnsf
cd]l/sf cfPsf lyP. ;g !((% df eg] (
xhf/ ^ ;o &( ljb]zL afnaflnsfn] cd]l/sL
cleefjs kfPsf lyP.
;g @)!) df cd]l/sfnfO{ wd{;Gtfg lbg]df
rLg g} klxnf] /Xof], hxfFaf6 # xhf/ $ ;o
! lrlgofF afnaflnsf cd]l/sf NofOP. bf];|f]
Olyof]lkof eof], hxfFaf6 @ xhf/ % ;o !#
;Gtfg u|x0f ul/P. t];|f] ?;af6 ! xhf/ *@
/ rf}yf] blIf0f sf]l/ofaf6 * ;o ^# lzz'n]
cd]l/sL cleefjs kfPsf] :6]6 l8kf6{d]G6
(State Department) n] hgfPsf] 5.
oL !! xhf/dWo] ;g @)!) hgj/Ldf
x}6Lsf] e"sDkdf cgfy ag]/ cd]l/sf NofOPsf
! xhf/ () gfgLsf] ;+Vof ;dfj]z 5}g.
cd]l/sfleq} klg w]/} afnaflnsfn] cd]l/sL
cleefjs kfpF5g eg] s]lxnfO{ cd]l/sfaf6
cGo b]z klg nluG5. ;g @)!) df $#
cd]l/sL afnaflnsfnfO{ eg] wd{;Gtfgsf
?kdf c? b]z nluof]. tL $# dWo] !(
Sofg8f, !* lgb/NofG8 nluPsf x'g.
clk|msg–cd]l/sg blIf0flt/
kl5Nnf] bz jif{df cd]l/sfsf clk|msg–
cd]l/sgx? (African-Americans) sf] dWod–
juL{o kl/jf/x? blIf0flt/ a9]sf] kfOPsf]
ljljw–;dfrf/
5. c6nfG6f (Atlanta) / 8Nnf; (Dal-
las) h:tf zx/x?df clk|msg–cd]l/sgsf]
hg;+Vof a9]sf] 5 eg] 8]6«f]o6 (Detroit),
n; PGhn; (Los Angeles) / Sn]eNofG8
(Cleveland) h:tf zx/df 36]sf] 5.
o;/L clk|msg–cd]l/sg hg;+Vof a9]sf
@% 7"nf zx/df !^ j6f cd]l/sfsf] blIf0f
efudf /x]sf] hg;+Vof ljefusf] cd]l/sg
sDo'lg6L ;e]{ (American Community Sur-
vey) n] hgfPsf] 5. tL zx/df clk|msg–
cd]l/sg hg;+Vof a9g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f
ToxfF ePsf] cfly{s pGglt elgPsf] 5.
zx/df b'3{6gf sd
cd]l/sfdf uf8L rnfpg ;aeGbf ;'/lIft
If]q– jfl;+u6g l8;L, df;fr';]6; x'g eg]
c;'/lIft If]q– df]G6fgf, jfof]ldª, n'lhofgf
/ ldl;l;kL x'g. of] lgisif{ b]ze/sf] ;8s
b'3{6gfsf] tYof+s s]nfP/ lgsflnPsf] xf].
o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f zx/L ;8s ;'/lIft
x'g' xf]. /fHoe/df ;8s b'3{6gf a9L eP
klg ToxfFsf zx/eGbf aflx/L If]q a9L
c;'/lIft 5g. To:tf aflx/L If]qdf zx/
eGbf bf]Aa/ b'3{6gf ePsf] klg kfOPsf] 5.
zx/leq uf8L bf}8fpg] ult sd x'G5, ;8s
agfpFb} ;'/Iffsf ljleGg pkfo nufOPsf]
x'G5. t/ aflx/L If]qdf uf8Lx? ;8saflx/
k'u]/ ?v jf cGo j:t'df 7f]lSsg] u5{g.
:j:y /fVg] vfgf
afnaflnsf, o'jf / jo:sx?df x'g'kg]{eGbf
a9L df]6f]kg b]lvPkl5 cd]l/sfsf] s[lif
(United States Department of Agriculture;
USDA) / :jf:Yo tyf dfgj ;|f]t dGqfno
(Department of Health and Human Ser-
vices; USHHS) n] ;g @)!) vfgf;DaGwL
gofF lgod (2010 Dietary Guidelines)
http://adoption.state.gov/
http://www.nhtsa.gov/
http://www.cnpp.usda.gov
NofPsf] 5. o;df elgPsf d'Vo lgod o;
k|sf/ 5gM
á vfgf vfFbf :jfb lnP/ vfg'xf];, t/
sd vfg'xf];.
á e2f cfsf/ jf 7"nf] efusf] vfgfaf6
6f9} a:g'xf];.
á vfgfsf] yfnL (plate) df cfwf efu
kmnkm"n / t/sf/Ln] cf]u6]sf] xf];.
á lrNnf] (Fat) gePsf] jf sd lrNnf]
ePsf] b"w -! k|ltzt_ vfg] ug'{xf];.
á ljleGg vfgfdf ;f]l8od (Sodium)
x'G5. ;f]l8od ePsf vfgf af/Daf/
gvfg'xf];. ;'k, kfp/f]6L, lr;f]df hdfP/
/flvPsf vfg]s'/fdf ;f]l8od x'G5.
á u'lnof] xflnPsf k]o kbfy{ (Sugary
drinks) sf] ;§f kfgL lkpg'xf];.
o:tf] vfgfsf] lgodn] a9L lrgL, g'g /
lrNnf]k|lt ;r]t u/fPsf] 5.
cd]l/sL hg;+Vof a9bf]
cd]l/sfsf] hg;+Vof ;g @))) sf] t'ngfdf
( bzdnj & k|ltzt a9]/ #) s/f]8 *&
nfv $% xhf/ %#* k'u]sf] 5. b]Vbf yf]/}
nfu] klg c? cf}Bf]lus b]zsf] t'ngfdf
cd]l/sfsf] hg;+Vof a9]sf] xf]. eO/x]sf]
hg;+VofnfO{ gofF hGdg] hg;+Vof plQs}
eO/fVg Ps hgf cfdfn] @ bzdnj !
b/n] ;Gtfg hGdfpg'k5{. cd]l/sfdf Ps
cfdfn] @ bzdnj )^ ;Gtfg hGdfPsf
5g.
cd]l/sf ljZjsf] t];|f] 3gf cfjfbL ePsf]
b]z xf]. rLg / ef/t qmdzM klxnf] / bf];|f]
x'g. ef/tn] rLgnfO{ hg;+Vofdf lhTg]
lglZrt 5. ptf hfkfg / o'/f]kdf eg]
hg;+Vof cd]l/sfsf] h:tf] a9]sf] 5}g.

4. :j:y d'6'sf nflu dlxgf
casf!%lbgdfcd]l/sfdf Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ lbg
cfO/x]sf] 5. /fi6«klt lbj; elgg] of] ljz]if
lbg o; jif{ km]a|'c/L @! df k/]sf] 5. clg
ljZje/ km]a|'c/L @! d} cGt/f{li6«o dft[efiff
lbj; dgfOG5. lxGb" wd{ dfGg]sf nflu
:j:yfgL j|t kmfu'g ^ df ;dfKt x'Fb}5. oL
ljz]if lbgaf/] s]lx hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5M
/fi6«klt lbj;
km]a|'c/Lsf] t];|f] ;f]daf/ cd]l/sfdf
/fi6«klt lbj; (President’s Day) dgfOG5.
klxnf] /fi6«klt hh{ jfl;+u6g (George
Washington) sf] hGdlbgsf cj;/df
/fi6«klt lbj; dgfOG5. o; jif{ km]a|'c/L
@! df k/]sf] 5. of] lbj; dgfP/ ;a} k"j{
/fi6«kltsf] ;Ddfgdf ul/G5.
pxfFsf] hGd ;g !&#@ km]a|'c/L @@ df
ePsf] xf]. pxfF ;g !&*( b]lv ;g !((&
casf !% lbg
;Dd cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«klt x'g'ePsf] lyof].
cGt/f{li6«o dft[efiff lbj;
cGt/f{li6«o dft[efiff lbj; (Internation-
al Mother language Day) km]a|'c/L @! df
dgfOG5. ;g !(%@ df a+unfb]zdf dft[efiff
-a+ufnL efiff_ af]Ng kfpg'k5{ eg]/ dfu
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S & T Communications, 10 Ashley Dr, Manchester, NH 03103, Ph: 603 661 1039, Email : info@aksharica.com,
Website : www. aksharica.com, Guest Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Coordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
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Printed copies of AKSHARICA
are available at:
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(MCRC), 177 Lake Av, NH 03103
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Bhutanese Community of NH (BCNH)
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International Institute of Saint Louis
3654 South Grand Boulevard
Saint Louis, MO 63118
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