Children With Learning And Developmental Disorders

Children With Learning And Developmental Disorders
Ignacio Estrada once said, "If a child can't learn the way we teach, may we should teach the way we learn" (Waters 2015). It is crucial for teachers to
shape their methods based on how their students learn best. In society today, we make rash assumptions that shape how a student is able to learn for
the rest of their lives. For example, we diagnose children with learning and developmental disorders so early that they struggle to overcome their natural
tendencies. Instead of continuing to make these rash assumptions, society should be examining new ways in which people learn. Over time, humans
change and our learning methods need to keep up with the growth. Children in this generation are facing different challenges than previous generations.
This change in society calls for teachers who are passionate about educating the youth. Learning about the Constructivist, Developmental, Social, and
Behaviorist Learning Theories as future educators is crucial to our teaching methods. We must understand how students learn in order to provide for
their needs as learners. These theories will continue to shape our learners each and every day. Effective teachers will effectively implement these
learning theories into their classrooms in order to promote success and achievement for their students.
Constructivist and Social Learning Theory
Learning is an active process that involves communication with others. Although each student has their own individual tendencies, habits, strengths,
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Special Education: Multi-Grade 11 Students In My Class
My class is a special education, self–contained multi–grade class. There are 11 students in the class. Two students are in the 3rd grade, two are in the
4th grade, and seven are in the 5th grade. All of the students has an IEPs classification which includes but not limited to autism, auditory processing
disorder, attention deficit with hyperactivity [ADHD], attention deficit disorder [ADD], communication impairment, emotional disorder, and multiple
disabilities. Additionally, several students also exhibit severe deficits in social and behavioral age appropriate skills. These challenges mentioned above
interfere with my students' attendance and ultimately their learning. All of the students are performing significantly below their grade level

Language and Communication Needs
You are one of the support workers for a ten year old child who has learning disabilities and needs support at school. The child has language and
communication needs. Describe the methods and strategies you might use to enable him to communicate with you.
How to use specific methods of communication?
Some children need particular help in order to communicate and interact. Speech alone may be difficult for them and they may require special
methods of communication. There are several of these and usually advice will be given by a speech therapist in consultation with parents as to which
one to use and how to use it. Over the past few years, the range of methods has increased and technology is increasingly being used. Voice simulation...
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– Use pictures or signs to help children to communicate with each other.
– Plan games in which action is more important than hearing or talk.
Useful strategies
Try to: speak in clear, short, simple sentences simplify instructions support speech with visual prompts, signs or gestures use pictures/symbols to aid
understanding ensure prompt referral to a speech and language therapist, or the provision of specialist speech and language intervention within the
educational setting encourage regular, constant reinforcement of skills introduced at speech and language sessions.
Strategies for or those with language impairment/delay
It helps to: use simple sentences and instructions, reinforcing key words ask a child to tell you in their own words what they have been asked to do
reinforce learning by repeating answers (from the child or others) encourage 'good listening' encouraging the child to (learn to) read use visual
timetables/prompts gestures, signing eg Makaton or written instructions to reinforce the spoken word provide visual clues, don't just talk about a
cylinder, let them see it, feel it, play with it, find different cylinders teach word association skills teach the nuances of language, meanings of jokes,
idioms, body language, facial expressions etc make use of books, role play, drama, singing, social stories

Analysis Of Selective Mutism
Selective Mutism (SM), a disorder that is complex and characterized by an individual's failure to communicate effectively and speak in social
settings. Although adults also have this disorder, this study is related to children with the disorder and how to support them in a regular classroom
setting (Harwood, & Bork, 2011). This study seeks to expand on an earlier study on teacher awareness by using a larger group of faculty and
combining questionnaires, interviewing and re–testing (Omdal, 2014). Children with Selective Mutism refuse to speak in specific situations where the
child is expected to communicate, such as school and other social situations. Moreover, at home, the child's speech is normal without manifesting this
anxiety disorder ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, teachers without training in identifying the SM disorder often misread these students' behavior as lazy, defiant or manipulative (Hanie &
Stanard, 2009). Consequently, the student's withdrawal from classroom participation interferes with the assigned daily classroom routines, and lack of
social and academic involvement may negatively impact the student's academic and emotional development (Bitter,

Compare And Contrast Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick...
Throughout the entire history of the world people constantly struggle with many different things, whether it's with simple daily life tasks, a job,
raising a family, school or social interactions. I am no different and have gone through many struggles in life whether it's with a death in the family,
schoolwork or friends. Each person's struggles are different from another's. Similar to Fredrick Douglass in the biography, Narrative of the Life of
Frederick Douglass: An American Slave , when it comes to literacy, I have struggled most of my life. Identifying the obstacle, the different levels of
help that can be received and one's own level of commitment to hard work and dedication determines the individual's success with any struggle. I
struggled

Binge Eating Disorder: Learning The Differences Between
Binge Eating Disorder: Learning the Differences Between Disorders, and How to Spot and Treat it Whether one is skinny or fat, one can suffer
from an eating disorder. Eating disorders can be difficult to manage, one specifically being binge eating disorder. Binge eating disorder is an eating
disorder in which one compulsively overeats, or is unable to stop eating large quantities of food, at least twice in one week, over a period of six
months (Binge Eating Disorder, 2014). Binge eating is more commonly known for eating very rapidly until one is full at a very uncomfortable level,
eating these large quantities of food when one is not hungry, and ultimately the feelings of disgust or self–hatred after consuming these large amounts
of food... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only can binge eating disorder be harmful to the body, but it is also the most common eating disorder between both males and females (Albert and
Kelly, 2003). While binge eating is the most common, that does not mean that the other eating disorders likebulimia nervosa or anorexia are not as
prevalent. Anorexia nervosa is very common, mostly with women and teenagers and is quite dangerous if not given the appropriate treatment
(Woodside, and Garfinkel, 1992).
Definitions and Symptoms One kind of binge eating disorder is a subtype of anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is a disorder where a person
does not eat hardly any food, causing them to lose a significant amount of weight, usually because of a fear of gaining weight or because they feel
they are overweight when they are actually unusually thin (Comer, 2014). This can be extremely dangerous because if one does not eat food, then
how are they expected to stay alive? Anorexia nervosa is one of the most dangerous of the eating disorders since people who have this disorder never
eat, they often starve to death or die from malnutrition One of the subtypes of anorexia nervosa is binge eating and purging, where one consumes
large amounts of food and then finds a way to get rid of the
food whether it be through vomiting, laxatives, or intense exercise (Halmi,

A Short Note On Non Verbal Learning Disorder
In 2011, I was diagnosed with Non–Verbal Learning Disorder(NLD). A brain
–based condition that effects educational and social development. When I
was young, I was described as a social butterfly. But in class I was labeled as disruptive and unable to focus. As I got older, my peers and the adults
around me noticed that I was different. I was unable to pick up on social cues, therefore unable to keep friendships. I have always been a loud
talker, but I didn 't know when to stop. The more anxious I got, the more I talked and the louder I got. When I became a teenager, I fell into the
wrong crowd, I stopped trying in school and ended up failing most of my classes. In 2012, I was placed in a therapeutic boarding school. Everyone had a
learning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The hours of tutoring and one–on–one assistance left me even more confused. In class I was more concerned with finishing the assignments, than I
was with understanding the concepts. Everyday I dread math class and pray that I am not called on. When asked to answer a question or asked to
come up to the board and work through a problem, I panic. I freeze and forget even the slightest bit of understanding that I had of the lesson. It
does not matter who is teaching it, or how they are teaching it. Math and I, just don 't get along. I have always known that I am an auditory learner.
I know this because, of my aptitude with languages. My ability to mimic people voices, remember song lyrics, and my incredible memory of past
conversations. Though I do have terrible working memory, I have great long term memory. This is just one of the ways, through which I process
information. I am also a kinesthetic learner, which means that I can learn through movement. I discovered this through equine therapy, and the
information I retained while working with the horses. From the VARK, I learned that I have a very strong aural learning preference, along with
reading and writing skills. I find it very easy to express my thoughts and feeling verbally. I am always talking and being told to be quiet. My brain is
constantly running and my mouth is trying to keep up. The only relief I found from this is books. I have always loved reading books. The feeling of
a book in my hand

Dyslexia Documentary Analysis
After watching this enlightening documentary on dyslexia and actually hearing about it from people who have first hand experience with this learning
disability, I feel like I am walking away with a better sense of understanding of it what is and how to address it in my classroom.
I chose to address questions 6 & 7, What are some of the common myths regarding dyslexia and what can be the negatives labeling a child with the
disorder "dyslexia? What can be relieving to the child and his/her parents?
Both of these topics were covered between 13:16–21:15 of the film, for reference.
Common myths associated with dyslexia usually stem from typical characteristics of the disability. Such as reversal, many people think that people
with dyslexia

The Learning Disability of Auditory Processing Disorder
Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), also known as central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), is a neurological defect that affects how the brain
processes spoken language. It affects about 5% of school–aged children making it difficult for the child to process verbal instructions or to cancel out
background noise in the classroom. A child who hasAuditory Processing Disorder may have the same kind of behavioral problems as a child who has
ADD, and also might be confused with Autism, Asperger's, Language processing disorder, and Dyslexia. For children who suffer from APD, the
understanding of meanings, sound combination, and the categorical order of words are mistaken. Behaviors of children who suffer from Auditory
Processing Disorder may have trouble listening, following directions, distracted by background noises, poor organization of verbal material, oral and
written expression problems, remembering what they hear, and learning to read. If parents think that their child may have APD, they should seek help
to an Audiologist. An Audiologist is a doctor who diagnose and treatshearing and balance problems. They are trained to diagnose, manage and treat
hearing or balance problems for individuals from birth through adulthood. The Audiologist will perform several tests on the child to determine if the
child may have APD or not. There are four types of tests, Hearing, Neurologic, Behavioral, and Dichotic. The first test will be a simple hearing test to
cancel out any

Specific Learning Disorder
Chapter thirteen had an discussion on specific learning disorder that stood out to me because I had never heard of this specific disorder before and
how it affects millions of students between the aged of three and twenty–one. The diagnosis of specific learning disorder particularly stood out to me
and left me wanting to learn more about the disorder and diagnosis topics. This is why I chose this particular website article.
The summary of the article I chose,
Specific learning disorder is a developmental disorder that involves ongoing problems with learning key academic skills, including reading, math, and
writing that is not connected with a lack of instruction or poor instruction. Often, skills such as reading of single words, reading ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Those with a severe form of specific learning disorder have severe difficulties with learning which affect several areas academically that requires
ongoing intensive specialized teaching. I found it very thought–provoking how specific learning disorder is more common among males and that
approximately one–third of all people who have specific learning disorder have attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder as well. If specific learning
disorder is left untreated, it is possible the disorder can cause problems through the persons life. These problems can include many things such as
higher psychological distress, lower self–esteem, and poor overall mental health. This makes earlier diagnosis very important in order to start treatment.
In order for a person with specific learning disorder to be diagnosed they need to have difficulties in one or more areas such as difficulty understanding
the meaning of what is read, difficulty reading, difficulty with written expression, difficulty with spelling, difficulty understanding number concepts,
number facts or calculation, and difficulty understanding mathematical reasoning. These symptoms also need to have had continued for a minimum of
six months despite receiving help

What Is Sensory Processing Disorder Affect Learning?
How does sensory processing disorder affect learning? Sensory input plays an important role in learning. The effect of and impact of sensory
processing difficulties are not fully understood or researched. Play helps children learn cooperation skills, appropriate social skills, conflict resolution,
and about friendships. However, research has shown the correlation between sensory processing, play, and learning is unclear and inconsistent. (Watts,
Stagnitti, & Brown, 2014). This is the second reason for the controversy surrounding sensory processing disorder. There is no clear cut or valid proof
that sensory processing difficulties effect learning. Parents of children with sensory processing difficulties will disagree. There children struggle every
day with things that typical developing children can perform without any difficulty or thought. Treatment for sensory processing disorder is limited
and extremely expensive for parents. Treatment for sensory processing disorder involves a "sensory diet" which is an individual plan designed to help
the individual function. (Delaney, 2008). Typical... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We may not like loud noises, so we avoid crowds and clubs, or have textures issues, so we avoid slimy or squishy food, all without therapy. Our
flight, fight, or freeze responses are our defense system again the unknown, but sensory processing treatment work on changing that response. With
all of materials I compiled, I am in agreement that sensory processing disorder is the next "it" diagnosis for children. I do believe that children with
Autism, ADHD, ADD, and Down Syndrome struggle with processing sensory information. However, there is no proof that sensory processing
difficulties are not a byproduct or syndrome of the disability. More research is necessary in order to determine how and why sensory processing
occurs and affects daily life. The goal for all educators is to provide students with the best education

Treating Learning Disorders
Treating Learning Disorder in a Unique Way
A child with a learning disability can be clever, and can still experience substantial cognitive complications. Learning disorders causes' brain impairment
and it prevent it from processing information. A child with learning disability may face challenges as they grow; it can prevent them from studying by
affecting their performances and can also affect their relationship with friends, families and colleagues.
Learning disorder can be noticed in a child once they start getting the formal education. They can show the following symptoms such as:
Unable to memorize certain things
Unable to follow instructions
Problems with hand eye coordination
Unable to distinguish between alphabets, sound ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The learning plans & learning disorder assessment consists of various steps including testing of learning disabilities and specific features of the learning
process. Recently, more contemporary neurocognitive assessment tools have been developed to point out precisely different cognitive deficiencies.
The learning plans & learning disorder assessment includes observing the children meticulously to find out if any learning problems are there. This
also includes helping the child who has been assessed with learning disorder with educational assistance so that he or she can progress.
The learning plans & learning disorder assessment also consist of special treatments which include:
Special Education Services: Once a child has been diagnosed with learning disorder, special education service need to be provided to support the child.
IEPs: This is individualized education program which is customized for the child so that he or she can learn how to read and write.
Classroom modifications: This includes making few changes to the classroom such as giving the child additional help so that he or she can match with
his or peers.
Apart from this, special teaching techniques, use of technology and tools and memory aids and computers are also included for the

Learning Disorder Analysis
I have a learning disability called ADD. Or as one doctor put it, high functioning inattentive disorder. This causes me to be a intellectual outlier in
comparison to most people. Due to this disorder, I have a deficiency of dopamine in my brain. This deficiency leads me to search for stimulating
activities at all times. When my brain ends up finding this stimulation it's in the form of thinking and discovery. This is why I have been attracted to
learning topics such as physics and math. This thought process is great because I think so much that I am able to process complex issues and
information at levels that are astonishing to most. However, there is also a downside to this way of thinking. In our society individuals are expected to
communicate

Anxiety Disorder Psychology
An anxiety disorder is a type of mental disorder that causes fear and anxiety. Ever since the start of more challenging classes in his major, a student at
a university, Jake becomes very anxious. After Jake is diagnosed by the university's counselor with an anxiety disorder, he is to obtain the perspectives
of a behavioral, humanistic, and cognitive psychologist for origins and diverse treatment of his problem. Behavioral psychologist believe that learning
occurs when changes takes place in behavior. Humanistic psychologist believed in free will and self–actualization of the individual. Finally, the
cognitive psychologist focuses mainly on memory, intelligence, thought processes, perception, and learning.
Beginning with the behavioral viewpoint ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The origin of the anxiety is created from the distress of not attaining his objectives. Teaching Jake how to control his anxiety by recognition of the
capability that he controls his outcome of the many problems he may come upon. Other types of treatment consist of a type of exposure that have been
shown to be effective. The belief of the treatment for most anxiety disorders is the routine of exposure or reassuring the patient to face up to the
condition or item that causes panic. Apart from the humanistic and behavioral view point, the cognitive perspective focus solely on the mindset side of
the brain.
Lastly, the Cognitive perspective of the anxiety disorder would begin genetically. Cognitive psychologists inspects how negative opinions, or
cognitions, add to nervousness. They would believe that predisposition was the cause of Jakes anxiety disorder. Mental treatments and therapy may
include learning to recognize when you're anxious, coping skills and relaxation techniques, and confronting the fears. For Jake the best treatment may
be cognitive restructuring. It is a process in which you change the negative thinking patterns that affects your anxiety, and replace them with more
positive, truthful

Should ELL Students Be Culturally Literally Correct...
Dr.Jeannine Butler,
The method educators use to acquire a distinction between a distinctive eminently are the result of language learning and the result of language
disorder is learners who requisite a language learning obtaining literacy in English as a second language. For this reason pupil learning patterns are the
same as individuals whose primary language is English. A learner with language learning also has comprehension as "typical individuals considering
their skills in English "vocabulary,pronunciation,grammar, and comprehension to be less well–develop than their peers who speak only English. They
will acquire English in a predictable development sequence similar to younger children who are beginning to learn English."
To that end a learners who has a language disorder has difficulty with oral development for example "limited, pronunciation, grammar, and
comprehension to be less well–develop than their peers who speak only English. In addition there communication is impaired in interactions with
family members and others who speak the same language. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If after receiving high–quality instruction and intervention the ELL student does not demonstrate improvement, the student should be referred to a
screening "
Reference
Navarrete, Lori, Nevada State College,Watson, M.R Silvana,, Old Dominion University, Council for Learning Disabilities, English Language
Learners:The Impact of Language and SocioCultural Factors on Learning, (August

Fit For Learning Group For Girls With Developmental...
GROUP TITLE: Fit for learning group for girls with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). OVERALL AIM OF GROUP PROGRAMME:
(Approx: 50 words) The aim of this group is to help four–year–old girls with DCD to refine gross and fine motor skills, and develop social skills
necessary for children to successfully participate in kindergarten and primary school. The group will be six, hour–long sessions.
______________________________________________________________________________ Goals for the Group: (Approx: 50 words) 1.To
improve gross motor skills (working on large body movements, balance and coordination). 2.To improve upperlimb function (working on smaller,
precise movements of the hands and fingers). 3.To stimulate a child's senses in order to process information (making links between cognition and the
motor and sensory systems). 4.To develop age appropriate skills (eg. Dressing). 5.To practice appropriate social skills and learn how to interact with
others. All members will have achieved these goals within the six–week time frame. RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE BASE Executive Summary
(Approx 150 words): The first five years of a child's life are fundamentally important as life's experiences shape how the brain functions and organise
information. Group intervention is a way in which children with DCD can learn to participate with peers, reach their potential and increase
self–esteem. Group therapy enables children to participate in educational exercises (with parental

Children With Autism's Occupational Development
For children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) school can be very difficult for them and they need a lot of support to be able to become efficient
learners. Some of this support comes from teacher, students, staff, family, admiration, and the overall set up in environment of the classroom. For the
purpose of this study I will be specifically looking in to how the classroom environment affects children with Autism's occupational development. There
occupational development will also encompassed their learning and the two will coexist together. If a student it in an environment that they are
performing well in and are learning the classroom material, they will also have good occupational development, and vice–versa. Occupational
development is essential for these students to live a fully function and happy lifestyle, and will educated teachers and staff, they should be able to
achieve this balance. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Autism spectrum disorder and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders that result form brain development. These disorders are
characterized, in varying degrees, which are categorized on a "spectrum" giving it the name autism spectrum disorder. No two cases are alike but they
can be categorized as by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. Autism spectrum disorder can
also be associated with intellectual disability, difficulties in motor coordination and attention and physical health issues. More importantly, some
persons with autism spectrum disorder can excel in visual skills, music, math and art.

The Pros And Cons Of Qualitative Research
On behalf of the research, a qualitative study is an exploratory research that consist of reasons, ideas and opinions to generate a potential research
question. The common methods of the research are group discussions, interviews, and observations to help conduct a reasonable hypothesis (Frost,
2011). In regard to the topic, a qualitative study will be examined based on the sampling strategies, design of the research, and the findings within the
data.
As teaching children with ADHD may cause several issues and concerns in the classroom, developing different teaching methods and strategies to help
that student learn is important. Ewing et. al (2007) conducted a quantitative study on the learning for youth with severe emotional disorders such as
ADHD (Ewing et. al, 2007). Children with learning disabilities, conduct problems within their learning that causes risks for the development of severe
emotional disorders throughout life. Therefore, positive effective interventions are introduced to the students to help their emotional growth over time.
Giving the student the opportunity to receive additional help and extra time through the learning process would help with their disorder (Ewing et. al,
2007).
In the study, the youth participated in an equine–facilitated learning program name Horse Power. Like an alternative school, the program consisted of
students that cannot learn in traditional classrooms or special education classes. The participants within the study suffer from

Liam's Diagnosis Of Language Disorders
Liam is 9 years old and in grade 4 and he has met the criteria for a diagnosis of a language disorder as well as a specific learning disorder causing
impairments in reading, written expression and mathematics. Due to his diagnosis, his exceptionalities can create challenges in many areas of Liam's
life including psychological processing, academic performance as well as social, emotional and behavioral skills. In addition to challenges, his
exceptionalities have strengths, which can be used within the case. Overall, the core features of his exceptionalities will affect the case study. In
regards to the language disorder, it has caused many challenges for Liam throughout his life. Overall, Liam has delays in the development of both his
receptive... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means using "simple, short sentences when giving instructions or explaining complex, multi–faceted concepts (Module 8d)." Since Liam has very
limited vocabulary, using simple sentences when talking to Liam will help stay within his vocabulary range. As well, Liam has strong reasoning
skills when working with concrete, visual materials, therefore using "visual prompts to support verbal expression (Module 8d)," would be very
supportive for Liam's learning. Similarly, making concepts and vocabulary concrete would be beneficial to improving challenges resulted from the
language disorder. The best instructional strategy for Liam's learning disability will be creating developmental changes in instructional goals. Since
Liam is in a junior elementary grade, that means "remediate and compensate academic skills (Module 5a)." "Using intensive instruction in
compensatory strategies, such as the use of computer word processors and adaptive technology (Module 5a)," will support reading and writing skills,
which are some of Liam's areas of

How Technology Has Changed Our Student 's Education
Could you imagine trying to complete a group assignment without GoogleDcos or studying for an exam without Quizlet in today's educational
environment? Throughout the past few years, technology has created a known presence in America's school systems. Whether it be used for home,
testing, or as supplemental material for a lesson plan, technology has made itself to be detrimental to our student's education and learning. Students who
it tends to impact the most though are those in special education classrooms. Where a mainstream student may be utilizing his or her iPad for fun or
educational games, special education students are using them to help learn easier. There are many great arguments against iPad use in the classroom
such as the fact that students may not have internet or iPad access outside of the classroom, may not be able to handle an iPad appropriately, or
distinguish academic time from free time. However, by viewing the situation of students with a disability from an ecological perspective, we are forced
to take note of how these students interact with their surrounding environments and how those environments can be adapted to fit the needs of those
students. This means providing aid and support to those students. According to various research, students in special education settings will be able to
maximize their learning potential by utilizing iPads in their classrooms. Quick (n.d.) helps state iPad use in special education classrooms improves
participation

Emotional And Behavioral Disorders Impact Today 's System...
Various studies have been conducted through centuries on the numerous types of emotional and behavioral disorders. From today 's research of the
disorders, mankind as a whole has a better understanding and can adapt to situations when under pressure of the existence of a disorder. Emotional and
behavioral disorders impact today's system of learning. Jean Cheng Gorman suggests from her research that having a deeper understanding of the
emotional and behavioral disorders is the best way of maintaining the control of productive educational learning. To understand how both emotional and
behavioral disorders affect the relationship between teachers and their students' education, all diagnosed cases should be examined thoroughly. This
paper explains several types of disorders that may occur and the studies of credited authors that proposed their thoughts on how to adapt and conquer
different disorders to allow an environment fulfilled with learning.
Causes of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
A definite cause for emotional and behavioral disorder has not been determined from the studies of researchers. However, their discussions and
findings explain and suggest that when the human body's emotional system is triggered from disturbance, it can be a leading cause of
disorders(Pierangelo, 2008 pg 11). With "the combination of biological, psychological and environmental factors it is suggest that many disorders are
diagnosed that way. Some of the popular emotional disorders have been

PODD Book Report
Kylie and Joey are siblings who had very adventurous lives for kids of their age. They lived in several countries around the world during their early
development, which has effected their speech. Both Kylie and Joey use assistive technology to help them academically in the classroom. Kylie uses
a program known as a pragmatic organization dynamic display (PODD) communication book, a device in which each page of the book has none
choices and Kylie can access her choices with the assistance of a communication partner. The PODD book allows Kylie to have communication with a
peer, something Kylie would usually have a great deal of difficulty with. Joey reads and comprehends well but uses an iPad with voice output
communication software. Carrie and

Learning New Motor Skills For A Chronic Neurological Disorder
Coordinated movements are important to complete basic daily tasks, but for some children developmental milestones are not reached because of a
chronic neurological disorder. Developmental coordination disorder, commonly known as DCD, occurs when there is a delay in motor skill
development, which can cause difficulty in coordinating movements (Cairney, 2010, p. e67).
Symptoms of this disorder include clumsiness, difficulties with fine and gross motor skills, as well as sensory integrative dysfunction (Missiuna, p. 2).
Physical characteristics the child may exhibit are delayed movements, difficulty learning new motor skills, problems with balance, and difficulties with
skills that involve constant feedback to plan new movements such as printing or handwriting (Missiuna, p. 3). Children with DCD must overcome
individual constraints when it comes to any task. They commonly have low muscle mass and low muscle tone, reduced motor control, and lack body
awareness (Missiuna, p. 3). As for emotional characteristics, children with DCD often show little interest in activities that demand a physical reaction,
demonstrate frustration, low self–confidence, and a lack of motivation (Missiuna, p. 3). Functional constraints they regularly struggle with include
difficulty judging distance of objects, planning and execution of tasks, attention, and anxiety (Barnhart, 2003, p. 725).
This disorder affects 5–6% of school–aged children and is diagnosed more in boys than girls (Cairney, 2010,

Chuck Close Learning Disorder
Chuck Close is an american artist known for his realism portraits that are about 9 feet tall. He has faced many challenges in his life including
dyslexia and eventually becomimg paralysed from the neck down. He believes that these challenges have made him a stronger person and artist. As he
said, "Almost every decision I've made as an artist is an outcome of my particular learning disorders." Close was born on July 5th, 1940, in Monroe,
Washington. His father died when he was only 11 years old. He had one brother. His mother was very supportive of the path he chose. He has always
loved painting and drawing. It was the only class he excelled at in school because of his learning disability. He used art as way to cope with his
learning problems. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Besides his learning disability, he also has suffered from a rare disease called Face Blindness. This disease causes you to not recognise faces, no
matter who it is. He always says that it helps him remember people if he paints them. But that's not all. When he was almost 50 years old, a spinal
artery collapses and he became paralyzed from the neck down. That made it much more difficult for him to continue painting. But, with some
physical therapy, some advanced technology, and perseverance he was able to continue creating. He has a brush device that is like a brace on his
arm that allows him to move. He also has an easel that rotates and moves up and down so he can reach the whole portrait. He went through a lot but
is still a happy person and is doing what he loves.
Chuck Close is important to learn about because he has been through a lot and yet he is still an amazing artist. He shows young kids with disabilities
and other problems that you can still do what you love and be happy no matter what life puts in front of you. And in art class we use the same methods
as him. We use the grid method in class along with many kids across the country. Everybody should learn about Close and everything he brought to the
art

A Personal Experience of Learning About Bipolar Disorder...
A Personal Experience of Learning About Bipolar Disorder
My daughter Ashley, an engaging, highly intelligent, beautiful and artistically talented teenager, suffers from a life threatening genetic illness. It is an
illness of extremes with a high, some estimates are as much as 20%, mortality rate. It is sometimes, as with my daughter, difficult to treat. It is always
difficult for those so afflicted and their families. The contemporary nomenclature for this disease is Bi–Polar Disorder (1). But I prefer the more
descriptive, no longer politically correct name, Manic Depression.
Most of us understand the dangers inherent in depression and its associated high risk of suicide. Over the last three years my daughter has employed
some ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is where a form of mania where the person is extremely anxious, hostile and self–destructive called dysphoria (4), occurs simultaneously with the
suicidal tendencies of the depressed state. Closely related to the mixed phase, and also among the symptoms experienced by my daughter, is that
which is known as "rapid cycling (3). This is defined as "four or more complete mood cycles within a year's time, and some rapid–cyclers can complete
a mood cycle in a matter of days––or, more rarely, [as has my daughter] in hours" (3) (2).
Rapid cycling (3), as well as other forms of pharmacologically induced hypomania/mania (5), as my family has learned, can be the direct result of the
use of antidepressant medications. Over the course of four years and approximately 30 different psychoactive pharmacidicals my daughter's
experiences have been illustrative of how the use of one medication often leads directly to the use of others. And we have seen many of the numerous
problems that can be medication induced.
Such experiences began after several months of working with a psychologist and no discernable change in the profound depression which gripped my
then 13–year–old daughter. She was referred to her first psychiatrist who prescribed the antidepressant medication Nortriptyline (6). This led directly to
her diagnoses as Bipolar. Within hours of her first dose, Ashley began to

Improve Cultural Competence
I believe I can improve my cultural competence by learning to understand the opinions of family members about the intervention process with older
and elderly individuals. I enjoy helping and serving people, so it is hard for me to understand that some patients and families do not want to seek help.
I need to learn to set my own opinions aside and be competent toward the wants and needs of the family. I can provide quality services to an individual
from a culturally and linguistically diverse background by seeking assistance from a trained interpreter and setting up a meeting with the client's family
to inquire about their exposure to English. I think it's extremely important to ask questions about the client's language developmental history

Oppositional Defiant Disorder And Its Impact On Social...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a condition that is mainly characterized by negative tendencies that are openly provocative in the course of
their growth. The condition make individuals considerably more uncooperative and hostile compared to their peers at similar developmental level.
Impaired Neurocognitive Functions Affect Social Learning Processes in Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder: Implications for
Intervention explores various aspects of the critical disorder. The authors define Oppositional Defiant Disorder as a condition that is mainly
distinguished by aggressive, oppositional and antisocial behaviors (Walter Matthys, 2012). Through a critical review of the article, this paper seeks to
highlight various pivotal aspects of ODD. The aspects include the condition's diagnosis, its implications on an individual's health, medications and
therapies. The diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder mainly comes as a result of observing certain characteristics of individuals' behaviors. For
instance, children who demonstrate disrespect towards authorities in their surroundings are usually diagnosed with the disorder. It is an exceptionally
prevalent psychiatric disorder that has detrimental repercussions for slightly over three per cent of children and adolescents (Walter Matthys, 2012).
According to the article, individuals suffering from Oppositional Defiant Disorder are mainly oppositional, antisocial and aggressive (Walter Matthys,
2012).

Essay on Parent, Child with Learning Disorders
Examine how Shakespeare creates dramatic tension at the lovers' first meeting in Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet. How easy is it to relate to
them? Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet is one of the most important scenes in the play because it is the scene where Romeo and Juliet first meet.
The play is fundamentally about two families: the Montague's and the Capulet's. It is during Act 1 Scene 5 where they first fall in love; however,
they're unaware that they are from their rival families, which creates dramatic tension. From the very beginning, the prologue informs us that this play
is going to be a tragedy; therefore we know that this will create tension within the scene because we are told that when Romeo and Juliet first... Show
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They would also be a little tense for the reason that Tybalt could start a fight, like in Act 1 Scene 1. His anger and frustrations is one of the emotionally
heightened moments during the scene which contrasts with Romeo and Juliet's emotion of love. The audience will surely feel Tybalt's contained hate
and when they witness Juliet falling in love with a Montague it will cause plenty of tension. The speech he makes when he first sees Juliet hints that's
he's falling in love with her; he uses a metaphor to describe her: "She doth teach the torches to burn bright!" This emphasizes Juliet's beauty shines
much brighter than that of torches – telling us she's beautiful. (Light bulbs weren't invented back in the 16th century and torches were the brightest
thing on the Earth so Romeo uses a torch as the subject of the metaphor). She is so much brighter that she teaches the torches how to shine brightly. It's
a poetic exaggeration since torches can't be taught. It's vital for Romeo to say this as the audience can't directly see Juliet's beauty – in Shakespeare's
time, a male had to play the role of Juliet because women weren't allowed to act on stage. Furthermore, this metaphor tells us that it is in fact, night, as
Romeo can see the torches he compares Juliet to. The audience would have to imagine the torch, as the play would be performed in daylight and no
lighted torch would be permitted in the Globe theatre. (Ironically, the original theatre

The Impact and History of Learning Disorders on Children...
The Impact and History of Learning Disorders on Children
In his 1954 majority opinion in Brown v. Board, Chief Justice Warren laid out concisely the fundamental role that education would play in postwar
America:
"Today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments. Compulsory school attendance laws and the great
expenditures for education both demonstrate our recognition of the importance of education to our democratic society. It is required in the performance
of our most basic public responsibilities, even service in the armed forces. It is the very foundation of good citizenship. Today it is a principal
instrument in awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing him for later ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Of course, with a focus on academic achievement came increased scrutiny of academic failure. The two main past impediments to universal education
appeared to be near resolution–all children were now able to attend school and schools existed for all children to attend. And yet, what did it mean
that, despite the increased access to and importance of primary education, some children were still failing? And how has our understanding of the
reasons for failure changed since we first began to be concerned by it?
The changing perceptions of attention–deficit disorder in particular offer a tantalizing window into modern debates over learning disabilities and
academic achievement. ADHD is a disorder whose depiction is both characteristic of other learning disabilities that entered the national consciousness
after World War II, and it is a disorder uniquely positioned among learning disabilities as one that is treatable by medication. The treatment of atypical
behavior as a medical illness–especially with drugs–is a culminating feature of what child guidance historian Theresa Richardson calls the
"medicalization of maladjustment" that was unique to the child guidance movement in the first half of the twentieth century and under girds today's
mainstream child psychology. It also puts ADHD in a difficult position to evaluate historically–it is at once a part of popular advice

Learning Disabilities Chapter Summaries
this book examines learning disabilities and how students react to the growing recognition that they are different. "...ability to learn to read, write, spell
–– dyslexia, to do mathematics–– dyscalculia, and to write–– dysgraphia." (Brinkerhoff, 2004, pg. 17). These differences do not preclude success. these
books are written to promote self–acceptance in students with learning disabilities. This focus on normalization of differences would be beneficial in
any classroom. Students with disabilities need support on a social and emotional level, not just an IEP for their education needs.
the beginning of the book focuses on the fact that we are all intelligent, and all have gifts. Despite impaired brain function in some areas, students often
have average or above average intelligence in others. I have personally met autistic students with memory and mathematical skills far superior to their
peers. "Children with disorders also have gifts...abilities in other areas of life, including art, music, athletics, drama, and architecture" (Brinkerhoff,
2004, pp. 26–27). The middle of the book focuses on how students who suffer from one disorder often have a combination of two or even ... Show more
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Some believe they just need to work harder, can berate themselves for feeling "dumb". This book helps students to reach a phase of acceptance, where a
student is able to work to their own potential by truly understanding their own strengths and limitations. It gives examples of successful men with
disabilities to emphasize that anyone can find happiness, fulfillment, and success. A learning disability did not stop Walt Disney, Henry Ford, George
Washington, Thomas Edison, or Albert Einstein, to name a few. As our ability to identify students with learning abilities increases, a growing number
of students are identified as falling somewhere on the spectrum of

Learning Disorder Video Analysis
These videos were an eye opener for me. It was heartbreaking to see how these kids struggled and some of them went a long time before anyone
notice they had learning disability. I have learned a great deal with watching these videos. It has opened my eyes to keep an open mind when dealing
with exceptional students and general education students where I work. I have seen it takes one step at a time to get these students to succeed. There
a few new things I have learned in these videos. I had never heard of phonemic awareness before. Nathan from Ryleigh, North Carolina had this
disorder. This disorder is where they cannot break down phonics to read. He had learned to overcome his disability by memorizing as much as he
could. By doing this, it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is normally taken for students who have ADD or ADHD. Many people have issues with children taking a medication to help them cope in the
classroom. In the video, Dr. Levine told Lauren Smith's parents if they did not put her on Ritalin, she would find her own ways of dealing with the
levels of dopamine in her body. He said she would more than likely turn into drugs and alcohol.
There are many students that often fall into the crack, and they do not get recognized as having a learning disorder. The last child in the video did not
get recognized as having a disorder until he was in the seventh grade. Early on in the videos stated that if you do not get ahold of these children by
the age of nine years old, you are more than likely not going to be able to get that child to learn how to read.
The most meaningful scene for me was when Nathan's mother got a phone call from his fourth grade teacher. She told her to sit down because she had
the results of the state writing test. The mother was expecting to get bad news, but instead she found out he made a perfect score. Only three other
students on the campus did the same thing. Nathan said, "You just need to take on step at time. You may be like a tortoise, but you will eventually get
there." This proves children with learning disabilities can accomplish great things. They may just need a littler more time to accomplish those

Dyslexi A Common Disorder Within The Learning Disabilities
When it comes to disabilities there are many different types that can affect a person, for example learning disabilities. Learning disabilities affect the
way a student learns new information or even process it. Dyslexia is a very common disorder within the learning disability. Dyslexia is a neurological
disorder that affects the brain and other scenes in the brain. Although it's not clear as why people have dyslexia a study was done in order to figure out
if may be eye movements where the cause of the disorder. Due to lack of scientific evidence a proper treatment cannot be given to a person with
dyslexia.
Disabilities
A Disability is consider a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, activities or even a person senses. A disability could
occur throughout a person's life or may be presented at birth. Some disabilities are hidden and make it hard to be seen. The disability may be a
mild case to a moderate or even a severe profound case. A person may be able to be have multiple disabilities as well. There are different types of
disabilities that range from physical to mental impairments that can decrease a person's activities in a day to day bases. A disability can affect
different areas such as Mobility and Physical Impairments, Spinal Cord Disability, Head Injuries involving the Brain, Vision, Hearing, Cognitive, and
Psychological, and Invisible Disabilities.
Students
Students have difficulties either when it comes to homework or exams

Dyscalculia Research Paper
Every classroom just like every student is different. It is the teacher's job to assess and figure out everything about each and every one of his or her
students in order to make the classroom appeal to all children. Teachers need to be able to decipher the strengths and weaknesses of their class and
know the best teaching strategies to apply to all the students. As a future educator, it is very important to be well–educated with different gifts and
disorders that you may encounter with a potential student, so you will be ready for any learner who may come your way. Every teachers should know
about all the various learning disabilities, just in case they ever come across one in his or her own classroom in the future.
Dyscalculia, is one disorder that is not commonly known and easily confused with both ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It follows people throughout their lives, but the earlier it is caught, the more time the person has to work on his or her disability. Teachers should
always be aware of their classroom and the students that are in it and should be able to catch the symptoms early enough to refer a child with
developmental dyscalculia to a child study team. The faster it is caught, the faster the student receives accommodations and modifications for the
disorder. DD has a lifelong influence that can affect a person's opportunity to get a job and their upcoming finances, so this disorder cannot be taken
lightly. References
Butterworth, B., Varma, S., & Laurillard, D. (2011). Dyscalculia: From brain toeducation. Science, 332(6033), 1049–1053. doi:http://dx.doi.org
/10.1126/science.1201536
Kucian, K., & Aster, M. (2015). Developmental dyscalculia. European Journal of Pediatrics, 174(1), 1–13. doi:10.1007/s00431–014–2455–7
Soares, N., & Patel, D. R. (2015). Dyscalculia. International Journal of Child and Adolescent Health, 8(1), 15–26. doi:

Effective E-Portfolio Analysis
Introduction
An effective e–portfolio should present higher order thinking, through the display of accumulated works, which themselves include reflective
statements and personal experiences (Morton, 2012). Pelliccione and Raison (2009) state that e–portfolio components should include learning
objectives, and provide a retrospective review of learning to transform future practices. Throughout the capstone course at Arizona State, I have created
an e–portfolio to facilitate the ability to analyze and synthesize learning in the format suggested earlier by Morton (2012) and Pelliccione and Raison
(2009).
Professional Background
In 2011, I received my Bachelors Degree from Arizona State in General and Special Education and began teaching as a special ... Show more content on
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The artifact can be viewed at this link:
In my Practicum setting (SPE 580), I participated in high levels of ongoing collaboration with colleagues to develop and implement a behavior change
plan for a student in my classroom.
Trend 4– Leadership and Ethical Practice Standard 5 Standard 6
The final trend was related to Leadership and Ethical, represented by CEC Standards 5 and 6. The narratives can be located on the following links:
This trend was identified of importance as it represents professional responsibilities. During course SPE 541 (Consultation Frameworks and Issues), the
selected artifact was a group project discussing fidelity.
In SPE 536 (Characteristics of Children with Behavior Disorder) the completed artifact represented a compare and contrast research paper on the social
and communication needs of students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders. This project was rationalized as
part of ethical responsibilities, to implement strategies with students with exceptionalities, which promote their success in the school setting. The
product can be viewed with the link

Learning Disability And Disorder ( Autism )
Learning Disability/Disorder A learning disability or disorder is a term used for various learning complications. Individuals who have to cope with a
learning disability are not dumb or lazy, in fact, they are just as smart, or in some cases, smarter, than individuals without any disability. The only
different thing between the two is that an individual with a disability has their brain wired somewhat different and this affects the way they receive and
process information. This means that they see, hear, and understand things in a different way. This leads to trouble while learning new information and
putting it to practice. Reading, writing, math, speaking, listening, and reasoning are the areas that are most affected by these learning... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finding the treatment that addresses the needs of the individual is far more important than deciding what to call the "problem."
Categories
There are many categories of autism, hence the reason why it is called autism spectrum, but the three most common are Autism, Asperger's Syndrome,
and Pervasive Developmental Disorder – Not Otherwise Specified (PDD–NOS). These three categories share many of the same symptoms, but they
differentiate in the severity and impact it has on each individual. Autism, is the most severe in the whole spectrum, followed by Asperger's Syndrome
and PDD–NOS. Autism is often referred as autistic disorder, Asperger's Syndrome as high–functioning autism, and PDD–NOS as atypical autism.
According to the Autism Spectrum Resource Center, only 20% of individuals on the autism spectrum have classic autism, while the rest fall under the
milder range. Since the autism spectrum disorders share many similar symptoms, it can be difficult to distinguish one from the other, particularly in the
early stages.
Signs and Symptoms The signs and symptoms of the autism spectrum disorders include problems with social skills, language and speech, as well as
restriction in activities and interests. However, there are enormous differences when it comes to the severity and patterns of behavior. When
diagnosing a problem in speech and language, one may find a delay in learning how to talk or not talking

The Methods Of Learning And Teaching For Students With...
The Way I See It, by Dr. Temple Grandin, is a personal look on the methods of learning and teaching for students and parents of students with Autism
Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It discusses the way that the autistic mind and the "normal" mind think differently. It teaches ways for parents and educators
alike to encourage young children with autism to learn in a way that benefits them in their own way. It discusses the three types of autistic learning,
ways to overcome sensory overload, and ways to encourage the autistic person to break free of their comfort zone to try something new that may
change their life. The Way I See It by Dr. Grandin, not only requests that you not discredit the autistic mind, but it demands that you set no... Show
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People with autism aren't incapable of learning, they just learn in ways that are different than the average student does. Autism Spectrum disorder is
believed to be caused by many things including a gene mutation, advanced parental age at the time of conception, oxygen deprivation during birth, and
maternal illness during pregnancy. Autism is still being heavily researched, and no concrete cause has been found yet, but over the course of the past
5–10 years, research has finally begun to give us some of the answers we've been longing for.
Key Idea 2: What is Asperger Syndrome?
Asperger Syndrome or more commonly known as Asperger's, is known on the spectrum as "High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder." This Autism
Spectrum Disorder is much more likely to go undiagnosed until the patient is much older, possibly into elementary/high school, even into their adult
lives. People with Asperger's often exhibit difficulty in social situations, have a restricted range of interests, and have repetitive behavior. People with
Asperger's often have difficulty maintaining eye contact when in conversation with another person, they often have one–sided conversations, and when
put in social situations they often have awkward mannerisms with their hands or legs. Children with Asperger's tend to have exceptional language and
vocabulary development skills, but this often gets them into

Learning Disorders: Dyslexia
Im researching dyslexia. "Dyslexia is a learning disorder, defined by a difficulty reading." There is no medical way to cure dyslexia, but treatment
such as a tutor or specialized education program can help. Most kids can make it through school, just like Walt Disney. Cures Right now there are
over three million U.S. cases per year, even though there isn't a medical cure many people can over come dyslexia. You can notice a slight difference
in how a dyslexic reads, a stutter or maybe a switch of words in a sentence. "Tutors are a great way to help a dyslexic child," says David Cohen. Tutors
can help cognitive and develop mental dyslexics. "Some dyslexics cope in their own way, some ways

Types Of Learning Disorders And Their Signs Essay
Learning Disabilities and Disorders
Types of Learning Disorders and Their Signs
Could it be that your child struggles with school? Do you observe he or she avoiding reading out loud, tackling a math problem, or writing an essay?
Certainly every child has trouble with homework from time to time, if a certain area of learning is consistently difficult, it might point to a learning
disorder. By being knowledgeable on all you can about learning disabilities, you can make sure your child gets the adequate help to overcome
classroom challenges and be successful in life.
What are learning disabilities?
The umbrella term for a wide variety of learning problems are learning disabilities, or learning disorders. A deficit with intelligence or motivation is not
a learning disability. Children with learning disabilities are not dumb or lazy. In fact, the majority are just as intelligent as everyone else. Simply their
brains are wired differently. This difference affects how they process and receive information.
In other words, adults and children with learning disabilities hear, see and understand things differently. This can lead to problems when learning new
information and skills, and putting them to use. The most common types of learning disabilities involve problems with listening, math, reading,
reasoning, speaking, and writing.
Children with learning disabilities can be successful
It can be hard to face the possibility that your child may have a learning disorder. No parents

Children With Learning And Developmental Disorders

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