masa Islam

1. Dome of the Rock
Temple Mount Jerusalem

2. Spread of Islam

3. Early Problems
Who would lead?
A permanent split in the Islamic community
• Sunnis – Respected community leader
• Shia (Shi’ite) – Family Member must lead

4. • Continued raids on Byzantine and Persian territory
• Killed any dissident elements or tribes
• Disposed any “new prophets”
Caliph Abu Bakr
Sunni

5. Caliph Ali
Shia - Shi’ite
Organize separate party called “Shia”

6. Reasons for success
• Exhaustion of Byzantium and Persia
– End of a 400 year war
• Speed and Size of Muslim armies
• Acceptance of “People of the Book”

7. Reasons for success
• exhaustion of Rome and Persia
– End of a 400 year war
• speed and size of Muslim armies
• acceptance of the Old and New Testament
– “People of the Book”
• Apostasy (Backsliders = treason = death)

8. Umayyad
• Ali assassinated in 661 A.D.

9. Umayyad
• Ali assassinated in 661 A.D.
Created a War Machine

10. Umayyad empire
• Atlantic Ocean to India
• Damascus, Syria: center of the Islamic World

11. Defeats Umayyad army in 750
• Invited Umayyad to banquet, massacred them
The Abbasid Dynasty
(750-1258 CE)

12. “The Golden Age of Islam
High Point of Islamic Empires
The Abbasid Dynasty
(786-809 CE)

13. “The Golden Age of Islam
High Point of Islamic Empires
Baghdad
City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth
The Abbasid Dynasty
(786-809 CE)

14. High Point of Islamic Empires
Baghdad
City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth
The Abbasid Dynasty
(786-809 CE)
– Arabic Numerals

15. High Point of Islamic Empires
Baghdad
City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth
The Abbasid Dynasty
(786-809 CE)
– Arabic Numerals
– Ships of the Desert

16. High Point of Islamic Empires
Baghdad
City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth
The Abbasid Dynasty
(786-809 CE)
– Arabic Numerals
– Ships of the Desert
– Banking Practices
• (Sakk – Check)

17. High Point of Islamic Empires
Baghdad
City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth
The Abbasid Dynasty
(786-809 CE)
– Arabic Numerals
– Ships of the Desert
– Banking Practices
• (Sakk – Check)
– Literature:
• The Thousand and One Nights
– Aladdin

18. Consequences of Expansion
• Christendom loses oldest lands
– Jerusalem and Constantinople
• Collapse of Zoroastrianism as a major Persian religion

19. West Africa
Gold and Salt Trade
600 – 1600:
8 tons of gold exported annually

20. Ghana:
present day Mali
• Fertile V-Valley of Niger River and Senegal River
• Arab writers: “the land of gold”

21. Influence of Islam
Umayyad Military Empire

22. Influence of Islam
Ummayyad Military Empire
Islamic Merchants (traders) brought their faith
– Muslims employed
– Written language
– Coinage
– Business methods

23. Mansa Musa
Kingdom of Mali
• Converted to Islam
• Expanded the borders west ward to Atlantic Ocean
• Did not impose Islam on his people
• Justice system based on Quran

24. Mansa Musa
Five Pillars of Islam: Hajj
• Forged new diplomatic and economic ties to
Arab states
• Brought back
– scholars
– Architects
– Teachers to promote Islamic education in Mali
– Islamic university In Timbuktu

25. 90% of Islamic world today is Sunni
Most of Iran is Shiite

26. Assignment: Create a Graphic Organizer for each of the following
Muslim Expansion and Empires
• Umayyad
• Abbasid
• Mali
– Mansa Musa
• Dates
• Center of Government
• Accomplishments
• Find at least one accomplishment from
outside research that is NOT in your
book