sesion 5, Unidad2, nivel 2

1. UNIT 2
“QUANTIFIERS
(How much / How Many)
Prepositions of Place”

2. Count nouns &
An egg →eggs
A sandwich → sandwiches
A memory stick → memory
sticks
Noncount nouns
Bread
Lettuce

3. Count & Noncount
● La principal diferencia entre los nombres
contables y no contables es si hacen
referencia o no a las cosas que se pueden
contar.

4. Count
● Se refieren a las cosas que se pueden dividir
en unidades mas pequeñas que son
independientes y distintos unos de otros.
table
chair
finger
bottle

5. Noncount
● Se refieren a cosas que no se pueden contar,
pero se consideran como un todo que no
pueden ser divididos en partes.
● A menudo se refieren a abstracciones y de
vez en cuando tienen un significado colectivo.

6. Quantifiers
Usamos los “quantifiers” cuando queremos
dar información acerca del numero de alguna
cosa: “how much or how many”.
● Most children start school at the age of five.
● We ate some bread and butter.
● We saw lots of birds.

7. Usamos los
“quantifiers” con
ambos tipos de
nombres:
● Contables
● No Contables
● All
● More
● Any
● Most
● Enough
● No
● Less
●None of
● A lot of
● Some
● Lots of

8. There is / There are
● Is there any money in the account? / ¿Hay dinero en la cuenta?
● There isn't any money in the account. / No hay dinero en la
cuenta.
SOME y ANY =algún/alguna y algunos/algunas ( una cantidad
indeterminada de algo), pero no siempre se traducen.
● THERE IS va seguido de sustantivo en singular.
● THERE ARE de sustantivo en plural pero.
Los dos significan HAY.

9. Count
Do we need any
eggs?
● Yes. Let's get some
(eggs).
● No. We don't need any
(eggs).
Noncount
Do we need any bread?
● Yes. Let's get some
(bread).
● No. We don't need any
(bread).

10. Yes / No Questions
Do / Does + + verb + any / some + C +?
● Do we need any eggs?
● Does Mariana want some books?
● Do they eat any of this lasagna?

11. SOME
● Se usa en las oraciones que están en forma
afirmativa.
● Se usa con sustantivos en singular o en plural.
● Se puede usar en preguntas donde se
espera una respuesta afirmativa.
a) There are some bananas in the fridge.
b) There is some milk in the fridge.

12. ● Do we need any eggs?
A= Yes, we need some eggs.
● Does Mariana want some books?
A= Yes, She wants two or three.

13. POSITIVE SENTENCES
● There is some food in the refrigerator. (noncount)
● There are some grapes in the fridge. (count)
● Is there some food in the refrigerator? (noncount)
● Are there some grapes in the fridge? (count)

14. ESTRUCTURA +
There + is / are + some + + C
● There is some food in the fridge.
● There are some kids in the garden.
● There is some flowers in the vase flower.

15. ESTRUCTURA +
Are / Is + there + some + + C + ?
● Are there some grapes in the fridge?
● Is there some notebook on the desk?
● Are there some Cd's in my bag?

16. ESTRUCTURA +
There + is / are + some + + C
● There is some food in the fridge.
● There are some kids in the garden.
● There is some flowers in the vase flower.

17. ANY
● ANY es el equivalente de SOME en las
preguntas y en las oraciones en forma
negativa.
a) There isn't any apple in the table.
b) Are there any grapes in the table?

18. NEGATIVE SENTENCES
● There isn't any milk in the refrigerator. (NC)
● I doubt that any milk is in the refrigerator. (NC)
● There aren't any snacks in the refrigerator. (C)
● Are there any snacks in the refrigerator? (C)

19. ESTRUCTURA
There + isn't / aren't + any + + C
● There isn't any milk in the refrigerator.
● There aren't any windows in your room.
● There isn't any picture in your office.

20. ESTRUCTURA
Are / Is + there + any + + C + ?
● Are there any snacks in the refrigerator?
● Is there any dress in your closet?
● Are there any earings in your night table?

21. Quantifiers
● Los usamos cuando necesitamos dar
información acerca del numero de cosas
sobre las que estamos hablando, las mas
comunes son how much or how many.
● Most children start school at the age of five.
● We ate some bread and butter.
● We saw lots of birds.

22. Quantifiers usados tanto con nombre
contables como no contables
● All
● More
● Any
● Most
● Enough
● No
● Less
● None of
● A lot of
● Some
● Lots of

23. Quantifiers usados solo con nombres
contables
● Both
● Each
● Either
● A Few
● Fewer
● Neither
● Several
We have just a few medicines

24. Quantifiers usados solo con nombres no contables
● A Little
● (not) much
● A bit of
Alicia needs a little milk to make a cake.
I like to eat a bit of that cake.

25. MANY
● Usamos “many” con nombres contables en
plural para indicar el numero de cosas de las
que hablamos.
● Usado en oraciones negativas o preguntas.

26. EJEMPLOS
● Not many snacks are in the refrigerator.
● Are there many snacks in the refrigerator?

27. MUCH
● Usamos “much” con nombres no contables
para indicar que de que cantidad estamos
hablando.
● Usado en oraciones negativas o preguntas.

28. EJEMPLOS
● Not much food is in the
refrigerator.
● Is there much food in the
refrigerator?

29. PREPOSITIONS
OF
PLACE

30. Preposiciones de Lugar
● Se colocan detrás del verbo principal, que
suele ser el verbo "to be" en cualquiera de los
tiempos pasados, presentes o futuros y en sus
formas tanto simples como compuestas.
Article + + to be + Prep. + Comp.
The dog is under the table.
The vase flower is on the table.

31. Next to
Tanto "next to" como "beside" se pueden
utilizar indistintamente.
● The supermarket is next to (beside) the bank.
● Sit next to (beside) me.

32. By
Se puede utilizar en los mismos contextos que
"next to" pero el significado de "by" es más
como "cerca".
● I sit by the window.
● Our house is by the river.

33. Between
Significado: entre
● The shop is between the bank and the train
station.
● She is standing between Peter and John.

34. Behind
Significado: detrás de
● The church is behind the school.
● He is standing behind you.

35. In Front Of Vs Opposite
In Front Of: contrario, en frente de, opuesto, delante de
Usos: La diferencia entre estas preposiciones la
notamos cuando estamos hablando de personas, "in
front of" no implica estar delante y cara a cara, en
cambio "opposite" significa delante y cara a cara.
● The hotel is in front of the station.
● The bank is opposite the market.
● Laura is standing in front of you.
● She is sitting opposite me.

36. In Front Of Vs Opposite
In Front Of: contrario, en frente de, opuesto, delante de
Usos: La diferencia entre estas preposiciones la
notamos cuando estamos hablando de personas, "in
front of" no implica estar delante y cara a cara, en
cambio "opposite" significa delante y cara a cara.
● The hotel is in front of the station.
● The bank is opposite the market.
● Laura is standing in front of you.
● She is sitting opposite me.

37. Under
Significado: debajo de
● The ball is under the chair.
● The dog is under the tree.

38. Above
Significado: por encima sin tocar
● The clock is above the table.
● Nota: La traducción literal puede llevar a confusión
cuando la traducimos, ya que en español diríamos:
"el reloj está colgado en la pared." Si quisiéramos
especificar diríamos: "y por debajo en la misma
pared está apoyada la mesa."

39. Below
Significado: por debajo sin tocar
● The table is below the clock.
● Nota: Como en el caso anterior, la traducción literal
de "below" puede llevar a confusión. En este caso
diríamos que la mesa está apoyada en la misma
pared en la que se encuentra el reloj colgado un
poco más arriba.