this is for diploma students

1. Work
Measurement
P.LOKESH

2. Definition of Work
Measurement
 Work measurement is the
application of techniques designed
to establish the time for a qualified
worker to carry out specified jobs at
a defined level of performance.

3. OBJECTIVES OF WORK
MEASUREMENT
The main objectives of work
measurement:
 To reduce or eliminate non
productive time.
 To fix the standard time for doing a
job.
 To develop standard data for future
reference.
 To improve methods.

4. Techniques for work
measurement
 Stop watch time study
 Production study
 Work sampling or ratio delay study
 Synthesis from standard data
 Analytical estimating
 Predetermined motion time system

5. Stopwatch time study
Procedure for conducting stop watch time
study
 Selecting the job.
 Recording the specifications.
 Breaking operation into elements.
 Examining each element
 Measurement using stop watch
 Assessing the rating factor.
 Calculating the basic time.
 Determining the allowances.
 Compiling the standard time

6. Breaking a job into elements
 Repetitive elements
 Constant element
 Variable element
 Occasional element
 Man element
 Machine element

7. Measuring time with stop
watch
Fly back method
 Element time are
obtained directly. No
successive subtraction
needed.
 Time is lost in
snapping back of
watch.
 So error is introduced.
 Short elements may
be missed
Continuous method
 Element time are
obtained only by
successive subtractions.
 No time is lost in
snapping back.
 No such errors , hence
study is accurate
 Even short element is get
included

8. Rating factor
 Rating is the assessment of the rate of
working of the operator by the work study
man.
 If the performance of the operator is
below average , he is given a rating of less
than 100,say 85,90.
 If the performance of the operator is
average , he is given a rating of 100.
 When the performance of the operator is
above average, he is given a rating of
more than 100,say 85 ,90 etc.,

9. Calculation of basic time
 Basic time is the time taken by an
operator of standard performance (rating
100).
 BASIC TIME=observed time X (observed
rating/std rating)
 example : time or normal time=0.7 x
(120/100)
 =0.84 mts

10. Allowances
 Rest and personal allowances
 Process allowances
 Contingency allowances
 Special allowances
 Policy allowances

11. DEFINITION OF STANDARD
TIME
 Standard time is the time allowed to an
operator to carry out the specified task
under specified conditions and defined
level of performance. The various
allowances are added to the normal time
as applicable to get the standard time
 Standard time may be defined as the,
amount of time required to complete a
unit of work:

12. COMPONENTS OF STANDARD
TIME

13. COMPONENTS OF STANDARD
TIME
 OT – Observed Time
 • PRF – Performance Rating Factor
 • NT – Normal Time
 • PA – Process Allowances
 • RPA – Rest and Personal Allowances (Relaxation
Allowance)
 • SA – Special Allowances( Interference and Contingency
Allowances)
 • PoA – Policy Allowances
 • PFD – Personal , Fatigue and Delay Allowances =
(PA+RPA+SA)

14. Allowances

15. Uses of work measurement
 Manpower planning.
 Production planning and scheduling.
 Estimating productions costs.
 Cost reduction and control.
 Comparing alternative methods.
 Accepting new orders.
 Fixing the selling cost.

16. Thank you