Victor Harbor Bay Case Study

Victor Harbor Bay Case Study
The Development Assessment Commission has approved plans by Oceanic Victor to set up a tuna–
pen tourist attraction near Granite Island, in the sheltered Victor Harbor bay. A public information
meeting was held on the 23rd and comments and feedback was closed on the 31st so the public had
only a few days to voice any opinions or concerns which seems inadequate for what could be a
public safety matter like this. SA surfers should consider some action over this one as it will affect
most of the surfers in that region There are many issues but one of the issue is that it attracts sharks
into our popular beaches along the south coast. Because we are feeding the tuna Chum, which is
small little fish. The problem is that it will affect our Tourist, ... Show more content on
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The sight from the top of Kleinig's hill as you come into Victor will just be wrecked because of this
massive big tank that will be going in the middle of the ocean. As the tourist enter our beautiful
town all they will see is a pristine view. There is five tonne of critically endangered Southern
Bluefin tune in cages for entertainment the only thing that it will entertain is sharks and seals
because there will be more feed for them, not only will it feed the sharks and seals it will leave
waste from fish and sediment ion the bottom of the ocean which will kill the sea grass below.
Having tuna cage will also make an effect on the causeway for traffic. It's going to affect school
groups that come down to our town and do aquatics in our oceans because it won't be safe for kids
to go swimming as the sharks will be close by looking for feed. New venture for Victor Harbor on
the proposal board that might be of interest to the surfers around there. Although it's not cage diving
I guess that with the fish stock it will hold you could say it will be a kind of barley pot. The venture
will be moved from the current location in Port Lincoln to Victor because it is closer to more
tourists, Again a few individuals chasing some monetary benefit are disregarding the risks
associated with their venture to other people in the same
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Brachina George Geological Trail
What kind of adventurer are you? Do you like to swim in the deep blue ocean or hike in the
mountain terrain? Maybe you're a rock climber with a passion for heights or a fisherman who keeps
chasing the one you lost. Whatever your preference is, we've got it covered. Come Dive With Us
The waters of South Australia are crystal clear and are home to some of the most diverse wildlife in
the world. You can swim with sea lions at Baird Bay or cage dive with great white sharks on the
Eyre Peninsula. You can also dive among the wrecks on the Fleurieu peninsula. The ex–HMAS
Hobart is one of the wrecks that you can explore. The ship is still intact and divers can swim through
the engine room, mess decks and among the gun turrets. If that sounds a bit too exciting, you ...
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Meander through sacred gorges, waterfall passes and climb onto rocky outlooks that give you a view
of old world rustic homesteads. It's a bird's eye view of how some of South Australia's first settlers
lived. The Brachina George Geological Trail is 20 kilometers long. It passes thought 130 million
years of earth history. The trail is filled of signage that gives you an insight into past climates, the
formation of the ranges and the development of previous life forms. Take a hike and get an
education at the same time! Let's go climb some mountains! Morialta Conservation Park is an easy
25 minute drive from Adelaide city. It includes striking bushland with crystal clear waterfalls and
steep ridges. Depending on your level of expertise, you can choose between gentle inclines or sheer,
coastal rock faces for climbing. The cliffs are already fitted with heavy duty climbing rings, making
it easy for climbers to rappel from the top to the bottom. If you are an experience climber, the
Flinders Ranges might be the trip for you. There are a number of cliffs that you can choose from.
Take a partner with you and make a day of it. Game Fishing

Tuna That Go By The Scientific Name Of Thunnus Maccoyii
Tuna that go by the scientific name of Thunnus Maccoyii (Dennis. M et.al, 2010) are one of the
most valuable finfish cultured within Australian and most sought after for sushi within Japan. The
waters generally out from Port Lincoln within Spencer Gulf, South Australia are where the tuna are
mainly cultured in Australia due to the water temperature being ideal for the culture of these highly
valued finfish. Tuna is within the top four of the most valuable cultured aquatic species in Australia
especially Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) which are valued at four hundred dollars per fish making
the transport and capture of these fish very important where damage is avoided at all costs. The
transport of the captured fish from the wild in nets back into shallower water where they can then
participate in the ranching stage can lead to serious problems and can bring upon mortalities if done
incorrectly. Ranching is the process of temporally holding wild fish at sea to fatten them on baitfish.
(Kirchoff. N et. al 2011 pg1) This process of transportation from the wild back into the grow out
pontoons or cages for ranching can lead to effects on a fish's health, performance and or even
disease and parasite infection.
Introduction:
The food and aquaculture organisation of the United Nation's (FAOUN) define Aquaculture as the
farming of aquatic animals, which includes fish, molluscs, crustaceans, reptiles and aquatic plants
for food and aquariums. Farming implies some form of interference

Environmental Crisis
Environmental Crisis
"We Have An Environmental Crisis Because We Have A People Crisis – A Crisis of
Population Growth, of Wasteful Consumption of Resources, and A Crisis of Apathy and Inaction."
An environmental crisis is an emergency concerned with the place in which every human lives – the
environment. A people crisis is an emergency with the community that inhabits the world
environment. A crisis of population growth is a turning point where the environment can no longer
sustain the amounts of people which it contains. A crisis of apathy and inaction is one where the
human race cannot be motivated to solve the problems with the environment that they themselves
have created.
The claim that we have an environmental crisis because we ... Show more content on
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Exhortations, campaigns, financial and material incentives, and numerous other sanctions were used
to implement the policies. All these efforts were, at first, to redirect young couples to have fewer
offspring and, later, to heed the one–child–per–couple, or "minimal reproduction," policy.
The purpose of this call for minimal reproduction was to keep the population from exceeding 1.2
billion by the year 2000. The scheme has proved problematic inside the country and controversial
abroad for practical, political, ethical, and religious reasons.
The massive gain in population in recent decades has intensified old difficulties in the country's
effort to raise living standards, and has ignited new economic, environmental, and social concerns
within the nation's borders.
The major issues range from China's population carrying capacity, unemployment and
underemployment in the countryside, surging urbanisation, and spreading air and water pollution to
mass illiteracy and education in relation to development.
SDI itself has added such new concerns as the effect of son preference on female infanticide and the
sex ratio, the impact of a fast fertility reduction on population aging, and the implications of
exempting the country's 55 minority groups from the nation's fertility control measures.
The global significance of China's demographics is likewise enormous. Whatever the size of China's
population is at the dawn of the 21st century it is certain to account for

Research Paper On Overfishing
Fabian Durazo
Mr. Wendland
Marine Biology
Block 4
29 November, 2014 Overfishing of The Atlantic Bluefin Tuna
By Fabian Durazo
Abstract
The main purpose for this research is to explicit what effect humans have had and will have on the
blue fin tuna. The Atlantic bluefin tuna is one of the largest, fastest, and most gorgeously colored of
all the world's fishes. The blue fin tuna unfortunately however, has been facing a constant and
dramatic decline in their species. With overfishing, their numbers have dropped down to critically
low levels. It is said that throughout several years of overfishing, that the Bluefin Tuna has dropped
ninety seven percent. Bluefin tuna is one of nature 's most successful ocean inhabitants. They'e the
biggest ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The bluefin population has declined at a steady rate for several years and despite some measures
being taken to manage the population in the Atlantic, it still remains to be excessively hunted. The
species is prized by both wealthy sushi consumers due to its rich, fatty flesh and by fishermen who
can sell a single catch for tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars. Currently, this combination has
brought the species to the brink of extinction, with environmentalists claiming the species has no
chance to recover if existing fishing practices are allowed to continue. The issue of the declining
bluefin population is not simply the dismissal of catch limits, but also the ways in which fish are
caught. One of the most wasteful fishing techniques is the use of surface longlines. These lines reach
up to forty miles in length with baited hooks attached along the lines. The lines are deployed in
spawning areas where hundreds of bluefin are caught along with other non–target species every
year. Conservationist groups have encouraged the National Marine Fisheries Service to ban the use
of longlines in the Gulf during spawning season to give stocks time to recover. In addition to
longlines, purse seining is another wasteful, yet commonly used, fishing technique. This involves
the release of a

The Fish Salmon And Tuna
As the world more focus and advance forward on building a better self (as a person), such as healthy
diet, people consume a lot of fish in such pursue. Among all the fish Salmon and Tuna which are
rich in protein. Matter of a fact according to "RAINCOAST TRADING" consumers sustainably–
harvested gourmet canned seafood company nutrition fact state, same amount of canned Salmon 55g
and Tuna 55g, tuna has cal: 90, protein: 17g while salmon has cal: 110, and protein: 13g. So, lot of
people favor over Salmon and consume more Tuna. But the problem is how a lot of Seafood
Company caught or got the tuna which is harmful fishing practices instead of traditional methods
and growing global high demand for seafood. There are 8 species of tuna: ... Show more content on
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And when they chasing prey or avoiding predators, its swim speed of 70 – maybe 100 km per hour.
No wonder Ancient Greek called (thunnos) meaning "excellent among fishes for spring and speed"
and valued tuna in many forms.
The Greek even have a poem about "one man wasted his inheritance eating tuna and savory sauce as
a result he become slave digging rock" by the sixth–century BCE iambic poet Hipponax of Ephesus.
Also, it has provided food and wealth for these civilization in Mediterranean.
Atlantic Bluefin tuna have very slim chance of reaching adulthood like 1 out of 40 million. Due to
rampant overfishing only a few survive and expect to live 15 yrs – 30 yrs but the lucky few reached
adulthood from top predators. Most of the time Bluefin is located in Atlantic sea and swimming
between Mediterranean, Brazil to west Newfoundland, west Africa to east Norway, Canada, and to
the Gulf of Mexico looking for prey. They're weight can be 600lbs to max 1400lbs and able to dive
to 3200 feet depth of sea. Bluefin's average weight and size are from young one (jumper) 5 years to
30kg, to 12 years (giants Bluefin) 600KG, also full mature adult size can be 6ft 7in – 8ft 2in of
length ranges and max ranges 21 feet. It is heavier than light riding horses range in height from 56 to
64 inches and 840 to 1210lbs. Back in 1960s, Atlantic Bluefin tuna could only sold as pet food and
waste, until canned and fresh tuna introduces to international market. But this is all change when

The Evolution Of Evolution
Chapter 1: Four and a Half Billion Years
The earth formed out of dust and debris 4.57 billion years ago, the sun being around the same age.
In the beginning, there was essentially no free oxygen and the sun was much less bright than it is
today. A large planet crashed into earth and the moon was created. Thankfully, because this crash
enabled the earth's axis to give us seasons! It is thought that either comets are responsible for
bringing water to earth, or at some point, water molecules in space clung to dust and we got rock
and water at the same time. However, bombardment from meteorites stopped around four billion
years ago.
Our world is made of two different kinds of rock. Basalt, which lies below the sea, and is denser
than the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Evidence for commercial fishing points to around 1,000 BCE. Off the coasts of Gadir, fishing was
ideal. There were six foot bluefin tuna to be caught, leading to the creation of Fish Sauce which has
appeared in recipes for thousands of years.
Chapter 3: Fewer Fish in the Sea
Even with all the technology in the world, fishing boats still operate at baseline. They are struggling
more and more every year to make this difficult (and dangerous) job worthwhile. Even since the late
19th century, fishermen have complained about slowly declining hauls. Although it is hard to
compare statistics because measuring methods change, there is a visible, stark difference in
(specifically) the catching of bottom–dwelling fish, the leading example. Even though our boats
have gotten bigger and more powerful, fishermen are pulling in less fish than 120 years ago.
Things are so bad in recent years, it's hard to imagine there was ever an abundance. Now, fishermen
are supposed to rely on the year's most recent quarry to know how many fish they are allowed to
catch. In the meantime, things like our trawls change the scape of the seafloor. There was a
temporary ban on trawls under the 1980's. We know that extensive exploitation of these smaller fish
will lead to a gradual loss of larger animals (fishing down the food–web). Roberts then spends the
rest of the chapter arguing that he is right (which I believe he is), but people are stubborn and refuse
to do

Bluefin Tna Research Paper
The Bluefin tuna is the largest tuna that exists in the world, with adults growing 4 metres in length
and weighing an average of 130–680 kilograms. They have a life span of up to 40 years. The
Bluefin tuna have versatile bodies which are crafted for their velocity. The have torpedo shaped
bodies which entail retractable pectoral fins, and eyes which are set flush to their bodies. Their
unique body structure results in less drag as they swim and migrate across oceans. Bluefin tunas at
the top of the food chain and are labelled predators from the moment they hatch, as they seek out
schools of fish such as: Herring, Mackerel and Eels. Their sharp vision allows them to hunt by sight
and grants them with the sharpest vision of any bony fish. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The illegal fishing is a major issue as the fisheries have been plagued by lack of enforcement and
control. The illegal fishing and overfishing links to another reason for endangerment, which is high
demand for consumers in high end sushi markets. With the Blue fin Tuna being a highly sought after
fish in Asia and a single Bluefin Tuna selling for over $1.75 million, the money drives the fisherman
or illegal fisherman to continue to make catches with more refined techniques and as a result the
number of Bluefin Tuna's are decreasing

Regulating the Bluefin Tuna Fisheries
Scientists are wondered how to remedy the situation of regulating the Bluefin Tuna Fisheries.
[Therefore, scientists estimate that Eastern routine of adult Bluefin has had reduction by 80% since
1970s], _ (European Commission Fisheries http://ec.europa.eu 14/01/2013). In 2006, in
International Commission for the conservation of Atlantic Bluefin tunas has been discussed, and has
had a long–term plan so that there will strict rule for catching the Bluefin Tuna and implement this
idea. However, this issue hasn't reached the solution. As a result, it has impact on other sections such
as unemployment, and losing the species of the Bluefin Tuna. This paper states that there must be
new rules for the prevention Bluefin Tuna by reporting different commission's helpful suggestions.
For this issue, mostly, European Commission, countries such as Cyprus, Greece, Malta, Portugal,
Spain, Italy and France, Gulf of Mexico, the U.S.A National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas and also
Japan(as a country for importing Tuna for sushi)are involved in order to tackle this obstacle.
One way to tackle the situation would be [prohibiting the fishing of endangered Bluefin tuna in the
eastern Atlanta and Mediterranean for the rest of the year],_(European Commission Fisheries
http://ec.europa.eu 14/01/2013). In the European Commission, this was conversed in order to reach
a compromise for the issue. EU and International rules

Overfishing Is A Problem For A Long Time
Over fishing has been a worldwide problem for a long time. Overfishing is not only a problem for
Bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) but with many other marine animals. The economic effect
overfishing has on the cost of fishing and how it affects people is important. Overfishing has a huge
economic effect on fishermen and the cost of fishing. Even though many people believe that
overfishing is not that big of a problem, it seems to be an ongoing problem in the world. Overfishing
is a major problem today and seems to be going unnoticed. People need to be aware of the negative
economic effects in order to change their ways.
Ocean overfishing is simply the taking of wildlife from the sea at rates too high for fished species to
replace themselves ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Illegal fishing and unsustainable harvesting still plague the industry ("Overfishing"). A public grown
accustomed to abundant seafood and largely apathetic about the plight of the ocean complicates
efforts to repair the damage we've done ("Overfishing"). Overfishing is and has been a very
important business to those who rely on it. For this to still happen all over the world shows how
little people really care about this horrible act.
The Bluefin tuna, which has been endangered for several years and has the misfortune to be prized
by the Japanese sushi lovers, has suffered a catastrophic decline in stocks in the Northern Pacific
Ocean, of more than 96% ("Overfishing causes Pacific Bluefin tuna numbers to drop 96%", 2013).
For a long time, Bluefin tuna have been a worldwide problem. It seems that nobody really wants to
stop it, it seems that people put little effort into a major problem. One Bluefin tuna sold in Japan for
more than £1m, reflecting the rarity of the Bluefin tuna and the continued demand for its fatty flesh
("Overfishing causes Pacific Bluefin tuna numbers to drop 96%", 2013). An interesting fact from
this newspaper was that "more than nine out of 10 of the species recently caught were too young to
have reproduced, meaning they may have been the last generation of the Bluefin tuna" ("Overfishing
causes Pacific Bluefin tuna numbers to drop 96%", 2013). Amanda Nickson, of the Pew
Environment Group said "There is no logical way a fishery can have such a

Marine Biome Research Paper
Section 1 Marine Biome: (characteristics) Biggest biome in the world Covers 70% of the earth
Includes five main oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern, as well as many
smaller Gulfs and Bays. Includes five main oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and
Southern, as well as many smaller Gulfs and Bays. Weather: The marine biome has a big influence
on our terrestrial climate. It provides rain for crops through evaporation, wind to help circulate the
air, and affects coastal temperatures. Section 2: Health issues in the marine biome: Oil spills Plastic
in the ocean Fishing nets Global warming What is affecting the tuna food production?
Environmental Economical Technical Environmental ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the advances in fishing equipment and fish tracking devices the fish stocks around the world
have decreased significantly, and many more fish species have become extinct. What have been the
environmental impacts? Human impacts on the marine environment have increased a lot over the
years as we have become more advanced in out technology and devices. Littering, recreational
activities and over fishing are just some of the major impacts that have taken a toll on the ocean.
Scientists have said that the man made pollutions have put extra stress on the already endangered or
threatened species. Section 4: What innovations have been made in your area of production? The
marine conservation program helps to protect the marine biome. Marine conservation focuses on
limiting human–caused damage to marine ecosystems, and on restoring damaged marine
ecosystems. Marine conservation also focuses on preserving vulnerable marine species. What could
be done to improve production sustainability? To improve the marine biomes sustainability, we
could have more laws on what and how many fish we catch, and the trolling nets should stop being
made and manufactured, because 100 million sea animals die each year due to fishing and trolling

How Long Is Bluefin Tuna Fishing?
Bluefin tuna are highly nutrient dense, being a source of protein and omega 3 fatty acids, which are
vital to a good diet to combat common health issues such as strokes, heart disease, cancer, eyesight
issues, etc (Bruso). The Bluefin tuna is also known as a delicacy for many, appearing in the form of
sushi, sashimi and steak (Sea Shepherd Operation Bluerage).
Bluefin tuna fishing is also extremely profitable for fishermen and suppliers, as there is a high
demand for Bluefin tuna (Oceana). It is a highly sought after good due to its value and quality, and
this helps to maximize profits for fishermen and suppliers, increasing their revenue and personal
income. Bluefin tuna fishing is also a relatively large part of the fishing industry, and serves as the
main source of livelihood and income for many fishermen. Besides this, the skills that these
fishermen possess are very attuned to the specific Bluefin tuna market (ASBTIA) – to ban Bluefin
tuna fishing would effectively put them out of a job and raise the unemployment rate, directly
impacting their income and standard of living. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Examples of by–catches include marine animals such as sea turtles and sharks. Longline fishing has
one of the highest by–catch rates of any gear used to fish for tunas and that the average rate is 28%,
more than a quarter of the total catch (World Wildlife Fund). There is a possibility for longline
fishing to catch more than 80 species of non–target wild marine life per harvest, and many of the
creatures are discarded or left for dead (Gulf of Mexico Ocean Conservation

The Impacts of Overfishing in the Pacific Ocean
Research on Overfishing in the Pacific Ocean: The demand for food across the globe continues to
increase as the human population continues to increase. For human populations, particularly people
in the poorest countries across the globe, fish is an important source of nourishment and food given
the increase in the demand for food. As a result, fisheries catches represent a huge export of energy
and mass that can no longer be utilized by trophic levels that are higher than those fished. Since
fishing has been used one of the major ways by humans to meet the ever–increasing demand for
food, it has contributed to widespread overfishing. The widespread overfishing has in turn resulted
in the decrease in the global catch of fish. Furthermore, increased overfishing has become a huge
threat to every species in the ocean and has largely contributed to the huge migrations by marine
mammals in their quest for the left over fish. While the use of fish by human beings is not wrong,
the whole eco–system in the ocean can be severely impacted when human take too much. In order to
deal with this issue effectively, it's important to examine its causes, effects, and proposed solutions.
The Trend of Overfishing across the Globe: According to the findings of research, approximately 50
percent of commercial marine species have been overfished in the past five decades (Srinivasan,
Cheung, Watson & Sumaila, p.1). The increase in fisheries catches across the globe has also been
fueled by

The Overfishing Of Our Oceans
Overfishing
The ocean makes up nearly three–quarters of the planet 's surface and contains about eighty percent
of the life on earth. Millions of people all over the world depend on seafood heavily as a primary
source of food. Americans alone consumed as much as 15.8 pounds of seafood per person in 2009
(NOAA). This is a lot of fish. In fact, it is so much that many populations of fish are going extinct.
At this particular rate according to National Geographic, scientist predict that the earth is expected
to lose all of its current fisheries by the year 2048 (Roach). The overfishing of our oceans leads to
unmanageable practices that will eventually cause many species of fish to become extinct.
According to National Geographic, overfishing dates back to the 1800s when humans killed off
massive amounts of whale population to retrieve blubber for lamp oil (Roach). Similarly, Atlantic
cod, herring, and California 's sardines, were also fished to the brink of extinction by the mid–1900s.
Theses cases were extremely harmful to the ecosystems food chain. To counter these losses, the
United States passed the Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (NOAA).
This law made it illegal for foreign countries to fish within 200 nautical miles of the United States
shoreline. This would make it easier to manage illegal fishing. Congress also established eight
regional councils with representation from the coastal states and fishery stakeholders. Their jobs
were to come up

The World 's Greatest Sushi Chef
Regarded by many to be the world's greatest sushi chef, 85 year–old Jiro Ono has dedicated his life
to perfecting his craft– using only the most delicately cooked rice, and the highest quality cuts of
fish. But in recent years, the fish market has gone sour; the "global sushi boom" has brought about
overfishing not only on the coasts of Japan, but across oceans worldwide. Overfishing affects more
than just sushi enthusiasts, as it poses a threat of extinction to many species of tuna and sharks.
Whereas traditional fishing techniques remove a sustainable number of matured fish from the
ecosystem, overfishing– the two most common techniques of which are purse seine netting and
longline fishing, both used to maximize the number of fish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Anglers no longer visited them, for all the fish had died. [...] No witchcraft, no enemy action had
silenced the rebirth of new life in this stricken world. The people had done it themselves"
(McKibben 366). The people in Carson's town had been given a gift of fruitful nature, but took more
than what the ecosystem could provide until it fell entirely out of balance. Carson predicted the fate
of fisheries across the globe, that they will be drained of their resources until there is nothing left to
take, and the greedy fishermen are forced to move elsewhere. The southern bluefin tuna, for
example, has been placed into the critically endangered category due to both it's large size, making it
easily entangled in fishermen's nets, and their extremely high value– a single fish alone can be worth
up to $10,000 in the United States. According to the Washington Post, "The total population of
southern bluefin has been reduced to about 8 percent of levels before industrial fishing" (Harden).
Because overfishing rapidly catches the fish before they have time to reproduce, the southern
bluefin population has been absolutely decimated, just like the fishless streams that Rachel Carson
describes in her story. The oceans must be given time to rest, in order to recover from the damage
that has built up over the many past decades, as Calvin B. DeWitt states in Inspirations for
Sustaining Life on Earth, "we may take the fruit, but must not destroy the fruitfulness

Bluefin Trevaly Research Paper
The Bluefin Trevally is a species of large marine fish. The bluefin trevally can be found throughout
the tropical waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. They grow to max length of 117 cm and a
weight of 43.5 kg. The bluefin trevally can be found in both inshore environments such as bays,
lagoons, and shallow reefs. As well as deeper offshore reefs, atolls and bomboras. They mainly eat
fish but also eat cephalopods (mainly octopus and squid) and crustaceans like shrimp, stomatopods,
and crabs. The butterfly fish is a saltwater fish. They reach an adult size of 6 inches, and live mostly
in coral reefs. Butterfly fish are omnivores and eat algae, zooplankton, seaweed, worms, and small
crustaceans. They are eaten by many things, such as such

A Short Note On The Atlantic Bluefin Tuna
Thunnus Thynnus, or the Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, is one of the largest species of tuna, weighing in at
over 600 kilograms and four meters in length. It is known for its speed and takes the shape of a
torpedo. In its environment, the Atlantic Bluefin Tuna acts as one of the top predators. It preys on
smaller fish, such as herring, mackerel and eels. The Atlantic Bluefin Tuna is separated into two
main populations, Eastern and Western. Although located in different geographical areas they are
not isolated and individuals migrate between the two populations allowing gene flow. The Atlantic
Bluefin Tuna's population ranges all through the pelagic zone of the Atlantic. The Western Atlantic
population spawns in the Gulf of Mexico, and the Eastern Atlantic population spawns in the
Mediterranean Sea. In the fishing industry it is highly coveted for sports fishing, especially in the
United States and Canada, and in the sashimi market for high–end sushi. As a result of the high
demands for the Tuna it is being heavily overfished causing the population to decline dramatically.
The low supply and high demand for the Tuna has made them extremely valuable; a single fish in
Tokyo 's Tsukiji fish market sold for 1.76 million dollar (Bluefin, 2013). This high value of the
Atlantic Bluefin Tuna has resulted in illegal pirate fishing causing more harm to the population. If
the illegal pirate fishing and overfishing of the Atlantic Bluefin Tuna continues, the species will
become extinct resulting

Bluefin Tuna Research Paper
The core to this universe is the ability of its inhabitants to coexist. However, what happens when a
species becomes rogue? What happens when this species is not only superior, but then harnesses its
power to alter the world to only its benefit? Humans are doing just this. From the beginning of time,
mankind has utilized the oceans' water, residence and material components without stern regulation.
Two victims that have been caught up in this bloody overrule are the Bluefin tuna and Sharks.
Cute, cuddly and land based is usually the rule when it comes to which endangered species gets the
most publicity. Most everyone is aware of the dire conditions of pandas, African elephants and polar
bears, but what about the king of the ocean, Bluefin Tuna? Yes, they are looked at as the gold mine
of fish however, if we do not control the overfishing issue now, the species will move from
endangered to extinct. This status will cause many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The only reason a tuna from a few weeks ago sold at such an outrageous price ($1.76 million) is due
to this scarcity. Fisherman are catching these fish at slightly higher rates– due to increases in fishing
technology– and making a lot more than they have made in the past. What could be the downfall
when these countries are utilizing their resources to benefit their economy? The article "Fisheries To
Cut Catch Of Endangered Bluefin Tuna" states that "Japanese eat 80 percent of the world's Bluefin
tuna, or "hon maguro," a sushi mainstay, and demand elsewhere in the world has kept growing",
which highlights that the Japanese heavily rely on the meat of the Bluefin Tuna to nourish its' people
and economy. If this reliance continues as projected, the country will experience a traumatic
economic downfall when the species truly does become extinct. Even though the price for the fish is
sky high at this moment, when there is no longer a supply, money will not come

What Is The Atlantic Bluefin Tuna?
The Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus, is a predatory fish that hunts such as mackerel
(worldwildlife.org, n.d.) using its fast speed and sharp eyesight (marinebio.org, 2013). Found around
the Atlantic, the Atlantic bluefin tuna when fully grown reaches lengths anywhere from half a meter
to three meters in length (marinebio.org, 2013) and weigh in anywhere from 100 kilograms to 680
kilograms(marinebio.org, 2013). These measurements make the Atlantic bluefin tuna the largest type
of tuna in the world (worldwildlife.org, n.d.). Unlike the smaller Southern and Pacific varieties of
the bluefin tuna, the Atlantic Bluefin tuna is endangered (Block, et al, 2001).
Due to their size, the Atlantic bluefin tuna is popular in the sushi–sashimi market ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Japan's new industries while mass exporting Japanese made products began to look for products
abroad that were suitable for domestic use and consumption (Aoki, 2010). Coinciding with the
popularity of sport fishing of the Atlantic bluefin tuna in Europe, Japanese businesses found
importing the Atlantic bluefin tuna catches were more profitable then not at all. (Aoki, 2010). This
began the market for Atlantic bluefin tuna in Japan and its status as a highly desired fish. The 1970s
passed with increasing demand leading to the beginning of overfishing rates have diminished the
Atlantic bluefin tuna population today (Aoki, 2010). The expansion of the Japanese sushi/sashimi
market into the international domain in the 1980s created a higher demand of sushi grade fish
(Fromentin and Powers, 2005). Atlantic bluefin tuna already in sushi menus became the target of the
record breaking catch rates. This turned what was once sport fishing of the Atlantic bluefin tuna into
a rewarding profession. For instance, one Atlantic bluefin tuna in Japan at the weight of 342 kg was
sold for $396,000 in 2011(marinebio.org, 2013). Numerous other record breaking auction prices
have made the news as the Atlantic bluefin tuna population continues to decrease. However, damage
to the western Atlantic bluefin tuna population may soon be irreversible.
The smaller size western population of Atlantic bluefin tuna made it more susceptible to long lasting
damage compared to its eastern counterpart. Atlantic bluefin are capable of transatlantic travel
(Rooker et al, 2007), however, the mixing of the western and eastern populations

The Pros And Cons Of Bluefin Tuna Consumption
Bluefin tuna consumption poses a risk to oceans and people. Despite being an endangered species
and the subject of a worldwide agreement to not over–fish, Bluefin tuna is still served at sushi
restaurants around the world. It's beautiful and delicious and sushi eaters are willing to pay a
premium for the fatty, meaty fish. The truth is, many people either don't know about the tuna's status
or don't believe it's as bad as many scientists are saying.
Besides the species being highly endangered and over fished despite regulations, Bluefin tuna
accumulate toxins like mercury in their bodies, which get passed along to happy restaurant goers.
Because the species lives in almost every ocean and migrates to reach an immense number of
countries, Pacific Bluefin tuna and Atlantic Bluefin tuna (also classified as northern and southern
Bluefin tuna) can be caught and eaten around the world. This also makes them especially hard to
monitor: when different nations are competing for one resource in the open ocean where no one has
jurisdiction, the international regulations are near impossible to enforce and it becomes a free for all.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Often times before they get the chance to return to Japan to reproduce, further depleting their
numbers. Turns out that some of these tuna, which were born last year in the radioactive waters of
Japan after the Fukushima nuclear reactor meltdown, have carried their radioactivity to the United
States. Though most of the Bluefin tuna caught here are shipped right back to Japan, the fish ends up
on more and more American plates every year as the demand for sushi, and this delectable animal,
increases. The radioactive chemicals present in the fish do not pose a health risk to people,
fortunately, as they're still below the dangerous levels set by the US

The Effects Of Global Warming On Our Environment
Global warming is already having significant and harmful effects on our communities, our health,
and our climate. Sea level rise is accelerating. The number of large wildfires is growing. Dangerous
heat waves are becoming more common. Extreme storm events are increasing in many areas. More
severe droughts are occurring in others We must take immediate action to address global warming or
these consequences will continue to intensify, grow ever more costly, and increasingly affect the
entire planet–including you, your community, and your family.The good news is that we have the
practical solutions at hand to dramatically reduce our carbon emissions, slow the pace of global
warming, and pass on a healthier, safer world to future generations.Global warming is happening
now. The planet 's temperature is rising. The trend is clear and unmistakable. Every one of the past
38 years has been warmer than the 20th century average. The 12 warmest years on record have all
occurred since 1998. The hottest year ever recorded for the contiguous United States occurred in
2012. Globally, the average surface temperature has increased The scientific evidence is clear.
Within the scientific community, there is no debate. An overwhelming majority of climate scientists
agree that global warming is happening and that human activity is the primary cause.
Global warming is already having significant and costly effects Accelerating Sea Level Rise Global
warming is accelerating the rate of sea level

The Best Purchasing And Practices For Safe Seafood
Purchasing – Storing Seafood
"As of 2008, fish and shellfish were more likely to cause foodborne–illness than any other category
of food product says Colorado farm to market." There's a vast world of food borne illness when it
comes to seafood being both causes of and types of illness. That being, I find it important to further
research the proper purchasing and practices for safe seafood. Throughout this paper I'll discuss the
best purchasing and handling for seafood to minimize risks.
Seafood Purchasing Process
As a buyer you want to have knowledge available on seafood such as different choices of fish or
average pricing. There are many places to obtain helpful information over the internet such as
seafood.com, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This cut is with no bones and is the entire side cut of meat from the fish
– Steak. This cut is similar to fillet but smaller
Also taking into mind grading factors which change from whole fish to fillet cut
Whole fish, Dressed fish, Salmon Steaks Fillet or other Fish Products
Grade A (best grade possible all standards are at best possible state) Grade A ( best grade possible all
standards are at best possible state)
Grade B (lower quality, but flavor and feel is acceptable for fish species) Grade B (lower quality, but
flavor and feel is acceptable for fish species)
Substandard (failed to meet grade B and flavor and feel have fallen) Grade C ( same as grade B
except the flavor and feel is less recognizable to the fish species, should not be fishy smelling)
Substandard (product does not have good taste or smell)
Occasionally a statement of quality is provided to the suppliers noting to send them fish ever
meeting a certain quality requested, often asking for a specific weight of fish, form of fish or fish
coming from a specific region. When ordering processed fish the buyer should include specific
product specifications to ensure they receive what they are asking for. Product specification for fish
usually include, intended use, exact name, U.S. grade, PUFI seal, packer's brand, product size,
product yield, size of container, type of package material, packaging procedure,

Globalization Influences on Modern Society
Globalization Influences on Modern Society Globalization is killing the globe. Globalization is a
way of interaction between the people, transnational agencies, organizations, and governments of
different nations. Globalization is not new. Thousands of years ago, people began commercial
activity between lands separate by vast distances. The Silk Road was the most famous line that
brought music, culture, ideas, foods and routes connecting East and West. Fischer's article
"Globalization and Its Challenges" shows economic globalization grew up in the period before
1914, but was set back by the two World Wars and the Great Depression. The international financial
order that was established at the end of World War II sought to restore ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The economic growth has also been accompanied with a growing percentage of environmental risk.
Although economic development is an aspect that shows the positive impact of globalization, it is
not the only area that has been shaped by globalization. Environment is another area which shows
the influences of globalization. In "If Poor Get Richer, Does World See Progress?" Knickerbocker
stated that people overuse natural resources, pollute water, over log, overfish, and destroy natural
areas (172). In "Poverty and Environment Degradation", Mabogunje pointed out the problem of
deforestation becomes more and more serious. Over the last 200 years, CO2 emissions from
deforestation have accounted for around 40% of total CO2 emissions. However, since the 1950s,
fossil fuel emissions have grown, and deforestation now accounts for 7–30% of all human CO2
emissions, with a best estimate of 16%. This figure is very uncertain because of difficulties in
monitoring changes in forest cover and carbon stocks because with the rise in population there is
also the need for the acquisition of more land. Destroying forests to make use of the rich and natural
resources is one of the main reasons why we see deforestation occurring all over the world today.
Besides, with the rising number of human population, the increasing number of paper usage and
products made from wood, more trees are cut down every year. This only leads to a rapid decline of
the forest

Polar Bear Endangerment
Endangered species can change a habitat due to their role in the environment. The EPA helps protect
these endangered species with the help of National and State Parks in the United States. Each
endangered species has different factors of why it is becoming endangered. Endangered species are
sometimes caused by their loss of habitat. Reasons for the endangerment of a species can vary
greatly from their loss of habitat to high genetic vulnerability to invasive species. Rapid climate
change contributes to the endangerment of many arctic wildlife. The Endangered Species Act and
the Endangered Protection Agency protects endangered and threatened species.
Polar Bears(Ursus maritimus) are going extinct due to loss of their habitat. Polar Bears live on sea
ice in the Atlantic Ocean. Due to warmer climates, the ice is becoming harder to find for these Polar
Bears. Polar Bears were listed as an endangered species in 2008 by the Endangered Species Act (7).
Global warming is the cause of Polar Bear endangerment, and their genetic code is not able to
evolve fast enough to cope with the changing environment. If fossil fuels were not being burned,
then the Earth would be cooler (7). Many arctic wildlife is affected by the climate change such as
the tiger (Panthera tigris), the Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus), and the Pacific Walrus (Odbenus
rosmarus divergens).
Forty–two percent of endangered species are caused by an invasive species (3). Endangered species
may be going endangered due to an

Overfishing Research Paper
The Overharvesting of Marine Organisms and its Impacts The overharvesting of marine organisms
has been an ongoing issue since the mid 20th century, but has never been more prevalent until the
present day. Fishing in the 20th century was a massively rapid–growing industry. Because of
international efforts aimed at increasing the availability as well as affordability of foods rich in
nutritional value, government intervention took place to increase the availability of fish species to
the human population. With the implement of policies, government loans and support, there was a
dramatically huge increase in industrial fishing–eventually making marine organisms the world's
primary source of protein–rich foods. This was good for a while, but obviously, good things never
last too long. Overfishing, as defined by Pepjin Koster, occurs when more fish are caught then can
be replaced through natural production (Koster, 2012). The balance of life in oceans is affected, and
the social and economic well being of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Population wise, overharvesting harms the environment for the fish that depend on currently
existing species for survival. Extinction of one species means the depletion of food for another–
messing with the entire food chain in the process. Overfishing threatens biodiversity, and without it,
the coexistence of remaining species and humans will become more difficult. Humans will either
have to depend on new sources for food, or lessen their consumption to an extreme extent in order to
allow for the regeneration of marine species. Remaining species will also begin feeding off of other
things to survive, eventually leading to a possible extinction of additional marine species. Many
vitally critical commercial populations of fish–for example, the Atlantic Bluefin tuna–have dwindled
to the extent where they are at high risk for extinction if nothing is done to remedy the situation. The
depletion of top

Dna Barcoding And Its Effects On The Malaysian Market
There is very little customers can do to ensure that they are purchasing the fish they are paying for.
Producers and restaurants owners have a tendency to mislabel their products for their own reasons.
The main reason is yet to be determined but there are researchers who have made it their goal to
resolve this dispute and show customers what they are truly buying. Too Chin Chin et al. attempt to
utilize the DNA barcoding in the fish segment, to assess the frequency of fish mislabeling on the
Malaysian market (2015). DNA barcoding tries to standardize scientific classification by using
short, single DNA sequence, for example, part of the mitochondrial gene COI to distinguish between
species (Larson, 2007). The process begins with extracting DNA and using primers to amplify COI
regions from the DNA extracts via PCR. The sequences attained are compared to the available
sequences in Bold and GenBank databases to find the mislabeled products. Similarly, a character–
based key can also be constructed to review the reference sequences for variable nucleotides that
can serve as diagnostics for the species you wish to study (Loweinstein, 2009). Along with Too Chin
Chin et al., there are other researchers who based their study on the same concept to find mislabeled
seafood products in certain parts of the world. Dana Miller et al. examined seafood fraud in two
types of Whitefish in Europe. Although, the motivation for these works are to find mislabeling in
products using the standard

English Exam Grade 11
) ‫متقدم‬ ( ‫عشر‬ ‫الحادي‬ ‫‫الصف‬‬
‫ة‬‫االنجليزي‬ ‫‫اللغة‬‬
2013 ‫التجريبي‬ ‫‫االختبار‬‬
‫ر‬‫قط‬ ‫‫لدولة‬‬
‫ل‬‫الشام‬ ‫التربوي‬ ‫‫التقييم‬
‬‫‫‬
‪
English
Reading/Writing‬
‬‫‫‬
‪
Grade 11 Advanced‬
‬ WRITING STRATEGIES AND MECHANICS 1 Choose
the words that belong in the blank. My brother was always fascinated by how the human heart
works, so it was not surprising that he became _____________. A an audiologist B a cardiologist C
a dermatologist D an anthropologist 2 Choose the words that belong in the blank. A new computer
store is opening this weekend. It's name,__________ , means it is a very big store. A Computer
Kilomart B Computer Dynomart C Computer Extramart D Computer Megamart 3 Choose the word
that belongs in the blank. Many people in the world face a _________of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(4) Many children, if given the choice, will choose foods that are high in sugar or other
nonnutritious ingredients instead of more wholesome food prepared in a healthy way. (5) For
instance, if offered a choice between candy and baked fish, most children will choose candy. (6)
This is why schools ________ take action. (7) By eliminating non–nutritious choices and serving
only healthy foods, schools will teach students how to eat properly, and will help them become
healthy adults. (8) You may think that it is solely the job of parents to teach children how to eat well,
but schools must reinforce this positive behavior in order to give young people the best chance to
grow up healthy. 9 Why is sentence 1 written in the passive voice? A to make the essay more formal
B to emphasize an important topic C to give the reader a sense of place D to make the sentence less
personal 10 Which word best fills the blank in sentence 3? A because B Although C nonetheless D
Therefore 11 Which word best fills the blank in sentence 6? A can B could C must D would 12
Which sentence offers a supporting example for the writer's argument that children must be taught to
eat healthy food? A sentence 2 B sentence 3 C sentence 5 D sentence 7 13 What does entire mean in
this sentence? In some cultures, it's more polite to leave some food on the plate, rather than eating
the entire meal. A important B cooked C nutritious

Environmental Issues of Japan
The focus of this paper is the show you three environmental issues of that japan have in its country.
The three environmental issues that Japans has are the Energy management, nuclear power, and
fishing and whaling. Energy management, the first environmental issue, is how much japans waste's
energy on the cell phones and insulations in their homes. Nuclear power, the second environmental
issue, nuclear power provides 35% of electricity and we all remember the earthquake that destroyed
half of them that was a big issue. Fishing and Whaling, the third environmental issue, is about the
food the fish way too much, and there is less fish and whales in their water for them to keep doing it.
Energy management, the first environmental issue, is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Kashiwazaki–Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant was completely shut down for 21 months following
an earthquake in 2007. The 2011 earthquake and tsunami caused the failure of cooling systems at
the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant on March 11 and a nuclear emergency was declared. This was
the first time a nuclear emergency had been declared in Japan, and 140,000 residents within 20 km
of the plant were evacuated. The total amount of radioactive material released is unclear, as the
crisis is on going. On 6 May 2011, Prime Minister ordered the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant be
shut down, as an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 or higher is likely to hit the area within the next 30
years.
Fishing and Whaling, the third environmental issue, is about the food the fish way too much, and
there is less fish and whales in their water for them to keep doing it. In the Japanese diets, fish and
its products are more prominent than other types of meat. Because of the depletion of ocean stocks
in the late 20th century, Japan 's total annual fish catch has been diminishing rapidly. Japan, along
with the United States and the European Union, occupies the large part of international fish trade.
Japanese fish catches were the third in the world in 2000, following China and Peru. The United
States, Chile, Indonesia, the Russian Federation and India were other major countries. By 2004, the
number of adult Atlantic Bluefin tuna capable of

Gulf Stream Research Paper
The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current that originates at the tip of Florida and travels along the
coast of the eastern most United States before crossing through the Atlantic Ocean. This powerful
current has a strong northward accelerating current that at a point ends up slitting the direction of the
stream into two: a northern stream that crosses to northern Europe and a southern stream that
circulates off West Africa. Due to these properties the Gulf Stream has a major affect on the western
coast of Europe and the eastern coast of North America. Prior to understanding the benefits the Gulf
Stream has it is important to first look at the rich history involved within the Gulf Stream. The Gulf
Stream was discovered in 1513 during an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Looking deeper though, the Gulf Stream has important effects that can be analyzed at a smaller
scale. For instance, the effects the Gulf Stream has on the Florida peninsula. The water that on the
eastern coast of Florida is referred to as the Florida current and even in winter months keeps a
temperature of roughly 77 degrees Farenheit. The reason the water is able to do that is due to the
winds passing the warm water and taking air that flows along the current and spreading it along the
coastline. This has the ability to keep the temperatures in Florida much milder across the state than
in most places in the Southeast during the winter months. On the flip side of things in the upper
most part of the gulf in Europe the warm air from the currents help raise the temperature on the
Western coast of Great Britain and Ireland a few degrees. This also affects Norway where the coasts
never receive ice or snow while the Northern parts are covered year round due to the Arctic zone.
These different systems of weather have differences based on location but are affect from coast to
coast by the strong and powerful current and temperature of the Gulf

Oceanic Victor's Argumentative Essay
On the 17th of December 2015, A meeting was held with the South Australia's Development
Assessment Commission who had received Michael Dyer, Yasmine Stehr, Heather Montgomerie
and Donna Ferretti representing the applicant. The Commission considered Oceanic Victor's
application and approved it the following day. [1]
Although the proposal has been accepted, there are still many reasons why the tuna cage is terrible
for Victor Harbor, It's locals and the environment;
It is not educational. Teaching adults and children to dump five tonnes of critically endangered
southern Bluefin tuna into cage should not be considered as educational [2, Pge 1]. Since the tuna
are going to be handfed and constantly in contact with humans they will not display ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Oceanic Victor claim that the tuna cage will not attract any more sharks than usual, which is odd to
say as in other circumstances in tuna pens shark wranglers have been hired to cut free sharks that
have been stuck in the nets.[4] "Tuna cages attract sharks, which are drawn to fish which sometimes
die in the pens and settle in the bottoms of the floating nets. Inquisitive sharks may bite holes in nets
and enter the cages or become entangled in the nets and subsequently become distressed or drown.
In response, employees of tuna ranching operations will either enter the water and attempt to wrestle
the sharks out of the pens, or kill the shark. Species known to interact with southern bluefin tuna
operations include hammerhead sharks, bronze whalers and great white sharks. The latter species is
protected under federal Australian legislation while the former two are not. Some of these
interactions are shown in the documentary film, Tuna Wranglers (2007)." [3]
It will Interfere with whale calving. Possibly Victor Harbors most popular attraction, whale season is
a wonderful time of the year. The most common whales spotted around here are southern right
whales who prefer sandy sheltered bays like encounter bay and granite island. There is a chance that
whales could get entangled in Oceanic Victor's pontoons, moorings and nettings. [2 ,Pge

The Pacific Bluefin Tuna Is An Valuable Valued Specie
Introduction The Pacific Bluefin Tuna is an incredibly valued specie who has been doomed for
decades. Although the IUCN has listed this specie as vulnerable, they are far becoming more
endangered to the point of extinction. Their population remains at 4% of what they were before
commercial fishers began capturing them by the thousands (The IUCN Red List, 2014). The Pacific
Bluefin Tuna is one of the largest and fastest fishes in the ocean. Their are three distinctions of the
Bluefin Tuna; the Southern, Atlantic, and in this case, the Pacific which is located primarily in the
northern hemisphere of the Pacific Ocean. They are special species because they can easily adapt to
different environments, migrate for long distances, and are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Overfishing is a problem because Bluefin Tuna is responsible for keeping population numbers in
check, thus creating detrimental effects if the biodiversity were to be threaten and the ecosystem
were to become imbalanced. Furthermore, the Bluefin Tuna have fallen victim to becoming targeted
and non targeted species by fisherman. Purse seine fishing is the number one fishing method used to
catch the Tuna. However, long–line fishing also poses as a threat because they are unintentionally
caught in by–catches, creating an unnecessary waste. In addition, studies demonstrate that Japan has
the largest number of catches. Japan's economy has the most to loose if they do not protect their
valued specie. They have made little efforts for change and the ISC concluded that current levels of
fishing have now become unsustainable. It has been concluded that this stock will continue to
decline in 2018 (Nickson, 2018). This specie has fallen a tragedy of the commons model due to
individuals trying to gain the greatest benefit, without realizing what the long term effects would be
when the demands of the resource overwhelms the supply. This will hurt the well being of multiple
societies, and most important, the well being of the Bluefin Tuna. The ISC stated that these species
need new management plans to ensure it's sustainability. With conservation efforts of the IATTC and
WCPFC, there will be a plan for rebuilding spawning populations, placing a

Victor Harbor Bay Case Study

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