The document discusses invertebrates and arthropods. It provides definitions for key terms like invertebrate, vertebrate, heterotroph, embryo, and types of symmetry. It describes the tissue layers and developmental stages in embryos. It discusses characteristics of cnidarians, flatworms, roundworms, and arthropods such as their body structures, respiratory systems, and life cycles. Examples like hydra, jellyfish, and grasshoppers are mentioned. Dissections of grasshoppers describe their external and internal anatomy.

1. Invertebrate Portfolio Portfolio Item 2

13. Portfolio Item 4

19. Portfolio Item 5 - Hydra

30. Portfolio Item 6 – Nematoda and Platyhelminthes - Trichinella

31. Portfolio Item 8 – Key Features of Arthropods

41. Portfolio Item 8 – Key Features of Arthropods Three distinct body parts – head, thorax, and abdomen – and three pairs of legs. Bees, Beetles, Butterflies, Flies, and Grasshoppers Insecta Rounded bodies and two pairs of legs per body segment Millipedes Diplopoda Flat bodies and one pair of legs per body segment Centipedes Chilopoda Chewing jaws, and a pair of appendages on each segment of the thorax Crabs, Lobsters, and Shrimp Crustacea They have eight legs Spiders, Scorpions Arachnida Unique Features Example Name of Class

42. Biolab – Dissection of a Grasshopper: External Anatomy Long wings used for flying. Forewing / hind wing Hearing organ. Tympanum Valve-like opening in exoskeleton used for air. Spiracles Perceives odor, touch, humidity, vibration, wind velocity and direction. Antennae Simple – Detect light intensity, but cannot see. Compound – Made of individual units call ommatidia. Sees shape, color, movement, and distance. Eyes: Simple / Compound Allows for jumping – Has claws for clasping to objects. Legs Function Structure

43. Biolab – Dissection of a Grasshopper: External Anatomy

71. Portfolio Item 9 – Incomplete Metamorphosis

72. Portfolio Item 9 – Complete Metamorphosis