Group C is presenting on the phyla Arthropoda and Annelida. Their presentation includes definitions and characteristics of arthropods such as their exoskeleton, jointed legs, and segmented bodies. The major classes of arthropods are discussed including insects, crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes, and millipedes. The anatomy and life cycle of cockroaches is explained in detail. Amazing facts about cockroaches are provided such as their ability to live for over a week without a head and hold their breath for 40 minutes.

1. Group “C”
 Members
 Mohammad Ishaq
 Saman Wahab
 Ameena Zaman
 Madeeha Sardar
 Malghalara Iftikhar
 Sajida Naeem
 Farah Naeem
 Farman Ali
 Robi

2. TOPIC
Phylum
Arthropoda
&
Phylum Annelida

3. Phylum Arthropoda
 Greek árthron, "joint , podós "leg“
 have 1,170,000 described species
 include the insects, arachnids, crustaceans
 The first arthropods appeared during the early
Cambrian Period. (543 to 505 million years ago)
 The first land animal was a myriapod arthropod.

4. Phylum Arthropoda
 Definition: A taxonomic group of animals
that includes spiders, crabs, insects, and
centipedes and whose bodies posess pairs
of jointed limbs and in most cases an
exoskeleton

5. Phylum Arthropoda
 Characteristics of Arthropods
 All arthropods have the following
characteristics
 A hard outer body covering called
an exoskeleton.
 Specialized mouth parts
 Jointed legs

6. Phylum Arthropoda
 Charactristics
 Compound Eyes
 Segmented body
 the circulatory system an open one
 The sexes nearly always separate.

7. Phylum Arthropoda (Charactristics)
1)Exoskeleton (2)joint legs(3)segmented Body
4)Compound Eyes (5)specialized mouth

8. Phylum Arthropoda
classification
class Main body
region
Pairs of legs Pairs of
antenna
wings
CRUSTACEA
(crab,crayfish,barnicl)
two - cephalothorax*
and abdomen (some
with head and trunk)
five or more two absent
CHILOPODA
(centipade)
two - head
and trunk
many – one
pair of leg
one Absent
Diplopoda
(millipade)
two Two pair of leg
per body seg
one Absent
ARACHNIDA
(spider,scorpion)
two -
cephalothorax*
and abdomen
four none absent
INSECTA
(c.roach,g.hhoper)
three - head,
thorax and
abdomen
three one
usually
present

9. Arthropods Classification
 Class Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, etc.)
2 body segments - cephalothorax and abdomen
8 legs (4 pairs)
1 pair of chelicerae (used to grasp food)
no antennae
(scorpion give a live birth exceptional case)
Class Insecta (Insects); beetles, bugs,
wasps, moths, flies, etc.
Insects possess: 3 body segments
(head,thorax,abdomen)
6 legs (3 pairs)
1 pair of antennae

10. Arthropods Classification
 Class Crustacea(crustaceans): crabs, shrimp, barnacles, spiny lobster,
etc
 2 pairs of antennae
 2 body segmented—(cephalothorax* and abdomen )
 5 pairs of legs
 Coconut crab found on land not an aquatic environment

11. Arthropoda Classes
 Class Chilopoda (centipedes)
Chilipods possess: many body segments
 1 pair of legs per body segment
 1 pair of antennae
 1st pair of legs modified into venomous
Class Diplopoda (millipedes)
Diplopods possess:
>Many body segments
>2 pair of legs per body segment
>1 pair of antennae

12. phylum Arthropoda (classification)
1) crustecea (2) chilopod (3) diplopoda
3)Arachnids (4) insecta

13. Phylum Arthropoda
 Protection
Arthropods are protected by fast movement, an exoskeleton,
pinchers, camouflage, and poison glands.
 Movement
The fast movements of arthropods are the combined result of
jointed appendages, a hard skeleton, and fast acting striated
muscle.
o Digestion
 Digestion is extracellular in the gut

14. Phylum Arthropoda
 Circulation
Arthropods have an open circulatory
system. They have a dorsal heart
 Excretion
Crustaceans excrete through nephridia or green
glands. Others use a network of Malpigian tubes
which collects liquid wastes in the gut.

15. Phylum Arthropoda
 Respiration
Crustaceans use gills. Insecta, chilopoda, and
diplopoda use trachea and spiricles. Arachnids
use book lungs.
 Nervous System
Arthropods have a highly complex nervous system
with a brain and a ventral nerve cord. They also
have compound eyes,touch receptors,
chemoreceptors, and auditory receptors.

16. Phylum arthropoda
 Reproduction
Most have separate sexes and
internal fertilization. Most undergo
some form of metamorphosis.

17. Exp.Cockroach
 Kingdom: Animalia
 Phylum: Arthropoda
 Subphylum: Hexapoda
 Class: Insecta
 Superorder: Dictyoptera
 Order: Blattodea

18. Cockroach
 four kinds of cockroaches
 Including
 i) German cockroach,ii) brownbanded
cockroach,iii) American cockroach, and
iv)Oriental cockroach.

19. cockroach
 Habitate
 Cockroaches are nocturnal. They hide
in dark, warm areas, especially narrow
spaces where surfaces touch them on
both sides.

20. Cockroach Anatomy and
Physiology
brown or black insects that are usually
between half an inch and two inches long
(12-50 millimeters)
long antennae
Males usually have wings
but females often don't
usually have vestigial wings

21. Cockroach body
 bodies have three primary regions –i) the
head,ii) the thorax and iii) the abdomen.
 three pairs of jointed legs,(18 knees)
 one pair of antennae (sensory organs)and
a rigid exoskeleton
 HEAD
 Head have eyes,antennae
brain,

22. Head
 much of their nervous system activity
takes place in nerve ganglia located
throughout their bodies. This is one of the
reasons why a headless roach can live for
more than a week. The other is that
roaches don't breathe through a nose or
mouth. Instead, they draw air through
spiracles, or holes in their sides. Tubes
called tracheae deliver oxygen from the
spiracles to organs and tissues. When a
headless roach finally dies, it dies of thirst.

23. spiracle

24. Cockroach
 The Thorax
 attachments for three pairs of legs
 two pairs of wings
 prothoracic legs are closest to the head.
 The middle legs are the mesothoracic
legs.
 The very long metathoracic legs are the
roach's back legs,

25. Cockroach
 The Abdomen
 contains most of their internal organs,
 tube-like heart moves blood to organs and
tissues.
 much of the blood travels through a
network of spaces called a hemocoel.

26. cockroach
 Biology
An adult female cockroach produces an egg
capsule
 A cockroach has three stages during its life
cycle: egg, nymph, and adult. Adults lay eggs
contained within egg cases that are dark-colored
and roughly the same size and shape
as a dry kidney bean. Depending on the
species, an egg case contains between 16 -
50 eggs. Eggs hatch into young cockroaches
called nymphs. In a normal cockroach
population, nymphs are more numerous than
adults.

27. Amazing Cockroach facts
 1. Cockroach can live up to nine
days without its head
 2. If a cockroach breaks a leg it can
grow a new one
 3. A cockroach can change
directions up to 25 times in a
second
 4. Cockroaches can run up to
3km/hr (0.8 m/s)

28. cockroach
 5. A cockroach can hold its breath
for up to 40 minutes if necessary
 6. Cockroaches can survive without
food for a month and a week
without water
 7. Coakroaches spend at least 75%
of their time in resting

29. cockroch
 8. Some of the female cockroaches can mate
once and remain pregnant for the rest of lives

9. Young cockroaches only need a crack ~
0.5mm wide to crawl into the house. Adult can
squeeze into a space of 1.6mm while pregnant
female require 4.5mm of space
 10. A cockroach does not have blood vessels
 Prepared & Presented by
 M.Ishaq Sagar