what is industrialization, its importance, and significance, urbanization, and more

1. z
Main sectors of
Indian economy
industries
By karthik

2. z
Industrialization
 Industrialization is the process by which an economy is transformed from primarily
agricultural to one based on the manufacturing of goods. Individual manual labor is
often replaced by mechanized mass production, and craftsmen are replaced by
assembly lines.

3. z
Importance/ Significance of
Industrialization
 Industrialization helps a nation look after its defense sector, thereby providing
commodities required for improving the national security scenario.
 Industrialization leads to the development of technical, scientific and professional
manpower. Economy is introduced with advanced technology. This improves the
quality of goods and also encourages the growth of infrastructure.
 Industrialization provides a basis for rapid growth of income as productivity rates are
higher in industry than in agriculture. It provides a strong basis for rapid and
continuous increase in the income of the people. Industrialization expands physical
stock of capital and improves the human capabilities, which makes people more
efficient and smart. This leads to increase in income level of people in an economy.

4. z
Contribution of agriculture to industry
 Agricultures supply raw materials to the industries
 Agriculture supplies food for the workers working in different
industries
 Agriculture is a source of healthy and strong labour for the
industries

5. z
Contribution of the industrial sector to
thee agricultural sector
 The infrastructure required for agriculture in the from of irrigation projects would
not have been possible without the help of industrial sector
 Industry supplies various chemical fertilizers for and other implements to raise the
agricultural productivity
 When agricultural productivity increases because of industries farmers income
increases thus they spend a lot of time on goods other than food. Hence all the
goods are supplied by the industrial sector

6. z
urbanization
 societal trend where the proportion of people living in cities increases while the
proportion of people living in the country side diminishes
 Urban refers to the geographic territory within or close to a city
 gives way to varied forms of degradation of the environment.
 Land defacement for housing, industries, roads, dams.
 Difficulty in meeting water requirements.
 Excessive demand for natural resources
 Deforestation – refers to removal or destruction of forest cover for construction of
dams, providing raw materials for industries like paper, furniture, drugs.

7. z
MEASURES TO CHECK NEGATIVE IMPACT OF
INDUSTRIALISATION ON THE ECOSYSTEM
 An ecosystem or ecological system can be defined as a group of living and
non-living things which are interdependent and are found in a particular type of
environment.
 Ways to improve efficiency of existing technology
 Reduction in the amount of raw material used
 Reducing pollution
 Recycling material
 Using renewable resources like wind, sunlight, flowing water
 Production of durable goods

8. z
Safe disposal of wastes
 Infectious waste: Waste from surgery and autopsies on patients with infectious
diseases.
 Pathological waste: Includes tissues, organs, body parts, human flesh and body
fluids.
 Pharmaceutical waste: Includes drugs and chemicals which are spilled, outdated or
contaminated.
 Radioactive waste: Solid, liquid or gaseous wastes which are contaminated with
radioactive substances used in diagnosis and treatment.

9. z
Dumping
 Dumping
 (deposit or dispose of rubbish, waste, or unwanted material, typically in a careless way.
 It represents the final stage of any disposal sequence.
 The common methods of waste dumping are
 Land filling – It is a method of disposing refuse on land without creating hazards to
public health or safety, by utilizing principles of engineering.
 Composting - It is a natural process in which biodegradable materials are
decomposed by microbes and converted into manure.
 Drainage – Removal of surface or subsurface water from a given area by natural or
artificial means is called drainage. It provides an open, adequate and readily
accessible channel through which surface or subsoil water can flow.