SEMINAR PPT ON BUILDING MATERIAL TESTING

1. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING
BT-CE
KAILASH POKHRIYAL
1309500025
2016-17

2. Building material Testing
Represented by :-
Kailash
BT-CE
1309500025

3. Organisation Profile
Public Works Department Delhi is the premier agency of Govt. of NCT of Delhi
engaged in planning, designing, construction and maintenance of Government
assets in the field of built environment and infrastructure development. Assets
in built environment include Hospitals, Schools, Colleges, Technical Institutes,
Police Buildings, Prisons, Courts etc; assets in infrastructure development
include Roads, Bridges, Flyovers, Footpaths, Subways etc.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES: Planning, designing, construction and maintenance of
assets related to road communication and built social infrastructure for Govt. of
NCT of Delhi through a well developed system
MISSION : Plan, design & execute safe built infrastructure in a professional
manner for Govt of Delhi
VISION: Provide leadership to construction industry by becoming a synonym &
trend setter for quality, speed & economy

4. Contents
• INTRODUCTION
• CONCRETE BATCHING PLANT
• WORKING OF BATCHING PLANT
• APPLICATION
• AGGREGATE TESTING
• BITUMEN TESTING
• SOIL TESTING
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES

5. INTRODUCTION
• Building material is any material which is used
for construction purposes. Many naturally occurring
substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, and wood, even twigs
and leaves, have been used to construct buildings.
• Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made
products are in use, some more and some less synthetic.

6. Concrete Batching Plant
• In this process cement is mixed with coarse aggregate
,fine aggregate and with water.
• Concrete batch plants are devices used to mix the
various ingredients to form concrete.
• This process is conducted very carefully since
concrete must not segregate.

7.  Batch plants can be categorized into 4 parts:
• Aggregate feeding
• Powder feeding
• Water
• Admixture

8. APPLICATION
• Concrete batching plants are widely used to produce various
kinds of concrete including quaking concrete and hard
concrete, suitable for large or medium scale building works,
road and bridge works and precast concrete plants, etc

9. Concrete Testing Lab
1. Test On Gradation Of Coarse Aggregate By Sieve Analysis
Method
 For 20mm Aggregate
 FOR 10MM AGGREGATE
2. Gradation Of Fine Aggregate
3. Silt Content And Water Absorption Of Sand
4. Aggregate Crushing Value Test ( IS : 2386 ( PART 4 – 1963)
5. Impact Value Test On Coarse Aggregates

10. Sieve Analysis
• Purpose- This define the grading of aggregate to be used, the grading highly
impact the overall strength of the concrete. Greater be the size of aggregates
greator will be the strength of concrete. But , the maximum size should be
limited otherwise it will impact other factors such as reinforcement spacing,
thickness of section, clear cover etc.
• Apparatus Required: A set of IS sieves for fineness modulus (80 mm, 40 mm,
20 mm, 16 mm, 10 mm, 4.75mm), weighing machine, quatering shovel, trough
& soft brush.
• Material Required: coarse aggregate
fig 4 : sieve arrangement for coarse aggregate

11. Sieve
size
Weight
retained
(g)
% weight
retained
%
cumulative
wt retained
%
cumulativ
e wt
passing
Matching limits
40mm
20mm
10mm
4.75m
m
pan
0
288
3823
173
14
0
6.65
88.25
3.99
0
6.65
94.9
98.89
100
93.35
5.09
1.11
85-100
5-10
0-20
0-5
2nd grading
Observation:
Sample Weight: 4.332 kg
Observation Table:

12. Formula Used:
Result: The grading of sand has been found within 2nd grade.

13. FOR 10MM AGGREGATE
OBSERVATION: WEIGHT OF SAMPLE- 276gm
OBSERVATION TABLE :
Sieve size Weight
retained
(g)
% weight
retained
%
cumulative
wt retained
%
cumulative
wt passing
Matching
limits
12mm
10mm
4.75mm
2.36mm
pan
0
283
2206
426
60
0
10.43
79.8
15.42
0
10.43
90.23
95.22
100
89.57
9.77
4.78
100
85-100
0-20
0-5
2nd grading

14. Gradation Of Fine Aggregate
The aggregates showing size below 4.74 mm are considered as fine
aggregates.
Purpose: The purpose is to know the character or grade of fine
aggregate it is meadim, coarse or finner. The fine aggregates from
size 4.75 mm to 150 micron. This test gives idea to make mortar or
concrete
Apparatus Required: A set of IS sieve for fineness modulus 4.75
mm,2.36 mm, 1.18 mm, 600 micron, 300 micron and 150 micron,
weighing balance,
shovel, trough,
soft brush
Material Required: fine grained sand

15. 3.3.2.7 Observation : Weight Of Sample: 1.102g
Observation Table:
Sieve size
Weight
retained
(g)
% weight
retained
%
cumulative
wt retained
%
cumulative
wt passing
Matching
limits
10mm 0 0 0 100 100
4.75mm 120 11.83 11.83 88.17 90-100
2.36mm 110 10.84 22.67 77.33 75-100
1.18mm 159 15.68 38.35 61.65 55-90
600micron 133 13.11 51.46 48.54 35-59
300micron 216 21.30 72.76 27.24 8-30
150micron 211 20.80 93.56 6.44 0-10
75micron 51 5.02 98.58 1.42 0-3
Pan 14
Total
amount
1014 2nd grading
or zone-2

16. Result:The fine aggregate is found within 2n grading.
Conclusion: The grading of sand is closer to 2nd grading
curve of limits defined by IS code.

17. Silt Content And Water Absorption Of Sand
Field test is generally conducted in order to determine the
volumetric percentage of silt in natural sand for percentage up to
6%, otherwise more detailed test as prescribed by standard code
are required to be conducted.
Apparatus: 250 ml measuring cylinder,tray and water cane etc
Fig 5 Silt content in Fine Aggregate

18. Observation:
1. VOLUME OF SAMPLE, V1 = 250
2. VOLUME OF SILT AFTER 3 HOURS, V2= 125
3. % SILT BY VOLUME= (V2/V1) * 100 = 7.3%
Result: The silt content is nearest to the whole number
Limits: Silt content is allow maximum 10%

19. Bitumen Testing Lab
1. Determination of Bitumen content in the Bitumen Mix
2. To determine ductility value of given bitumen sample

20. Determination of Bitumen content in the Bitumen Mix.
Apparatus & Solvent: Centrifuge apparatus, Trichloroethylene or
Benzene.
Centrifuge apparatus used for binder content
test of bituminous mix
Purpose: The test determines the bitumen content in the bituminous
mix by cold solvent extraction.
Fig 9

21. Observation Table
SNO OBSERVATION READINGS
(g)
1. Weight of mix taken before extraction ( W1) 1.619
2. Weight of filter paper before extraction (B) 0.012
3. Weight of mix after extraction (W2) 1601
4. Weight of filter paper after extraction (D) 0.013
5. Wt of filter collected from extract after
allowing for setting (W4)
0.001
6. Wt of filler collected in filter paper, D-B= W3 0.001
7. Wt of aggregate + filler collected after
extraction = W2+W3+ W4
1601
8. Percentage of Bitumen , in the mix
= ( W1- ( W2+ W3+ W4)) / W1 X 100
1.11%

22. Calculation: The percentage of binder in the bituminous mix sample as
follows:
Percentage of Binder = [W1 – (W2 + W3 + W4) /W1] x 100
Where
W1 = Weight of the sample, g
W2 = Weight of the sample after extraction, g
W3 = Weight of the fine material recovered from the extract, g
W4 = Increase in weight of filter ring, g
Observation: The Bitumen content is found to be 1.11%.
Result: The content of Bitumen in Bitumen mix is 1.11%

23. Ductility value of given bitumen sample.
Equipment & Apparatus: Briquette mould, Ductility machine with
water bath and a pulling device, knife, Thermometer.
Fig 9

24. Record: The distance at which the bitumen thread of each specimen
breaks is recorded (in cm) to report as ductility value.The average
penetration value of 3 tests of a given bitumen sample is
recorded.
Safety & Precautions :
 Use hand gloves while removing containers from oven after
switching off the oven.
Carefully fill the mould avoid air pocket with right
arrangement.

25. Soil Testing Lab
1. Liquid limit Test of soil using cone penetrometer Method (IS-
2720-Part-5-1985)
2. To determine the Plastic limit of soil
3. CBR of soil either in undisturbed or Remoulded condition

26. Determination of CBR of soil either in undisturbed or Remoulded condition
Equipment & Apparatus: Compression machine,Proving ring, Dial gauge,
Timer,Sampling tube,Split mould,Vernier caliper, Balance.
Preparation Sample: The test may be performed
(a) On undisturbed soil specimen
(b) On remoulded soil specimen

27. Observation Table:
DESCRIPTION BEFORE SOAKING AFTER SOAKING
1.No of blows 55 55
2. mould no 14 14
3.wt of mould + compacted
soil, w2
17.605 kg 11.753kg
4. wt of compacted soil 6kg 9kg
5. container no 35 46
6. wt of container (w) 35.84 44.52
7. wt of cont+ wet soil, w3 99.09 155.64
8.cont wt + dry soil,w4 91.49 115.21
9.Wt of water (w3-w4) 7.6 40.43
10.wt of dry soil (w4-w) 55.65 70.69
11. moisture content 13.66 57.19
12. dry density 1.75 2.625

28. PENETRATION
(1.25mm/min)
READINGS LOAD = R X CF,
CF= 3.06
0.5 2 6.12
1 5 15.3
1.5 8 24.48
2 11 33.66
2.5 14 42.84
3 16 48.96
3.5 18 55.08
4 20 61.2
4.5 23 70.38
5 26 79.56
5.5 29 88.74
6 31 94.86
6.5 34 104.04
7 37 113.22
7.5 39 119.34

29. Observations:
1.Sample 1 weight for soaked condition = 6 kg
2. Mould + sample weight = 17.605 kg
3. Volume of Mould = 3015.84cc
4. Weight of mould =11.605 kg
Formula Used: Calfornia Bearing Ratio = PT / Ps X 100
Where
PT = Corrected unit (or total) test load corresponding to the chosen
penetration curve,
and PS = Unit(or total) standard load for the same depth of penetration as
for PS taken from standard code

30. Why we do testing ?
To achieve certification by complying with current guidelines and
building regulations
To ensure products are fit for purpose
To find out why products are failing in use or during manufacture
To develop new materials and new products through certification
To solve patent disputes or resolve legal disputes
To benchmark against competitors’ products.

31. Conclusion
 Good expopsure to batching plant.
 Readings taken are as per IS CODES
 Materials used are of greater strength

32. References
1. www.civilblog.org
2. BC Punmia – A Textbook of Building Material &
Construction
3. CONTINENTIAL ENGG. CORPORATION