project ppt

1. REPLACEMENT OF BRICKS WITH PLASTIC BOTTEL IN
MASONRY
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SOLANKI PARTH(199510306541)
CHAUHAN PINAL(199510306510)
THAKOR KALPESH(199510306545)
MISTRY MONIT(199510306523)
GAMIT HASEENA(199510306513)
In the fulfillment for the degree
Of
DIPLOMA
In
CIVIL ENGINEERING
IPCOWALA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
DHARMAJ
Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad
Project Guide
Prof. Nilesh Prajapati
Head of The Department
Prof. Dipak Thakor
1

2. 2
 PLASTIC WASTE Plastic bottles are increasingly becoming a menace
to the environment due to the use of chemicals in the manufacture,
use and disposal.
 It has resulted in pollution problems in waterways, landfills and
continues to grow.
 Taking into account the increase of pollution new concept of eco
bricks has been introduced.
 When these bottles are filled with sand, gravel and cork or wood
particles, they have great insulating capability.
 These walls can absorb abrupt shock loads; being non-brittle they
produce much less construction waste compared to conventional
bricks.
 They also reported that compared to brick and concrete block walls,
plastic bottle walls cost 75% less.
 Being lighter, plastic bottle walls can be better against earthquakes
due to the compaction of filling material in the bottles, they are 20
times more load resistant than conventional bricks these filling
materials also make these walls bullet proof.
 These walls can also support themselves.
INTRODUCTION

3. TABLE OF CONTENT
 Objective
 Materials used
 Test on Bricks
 Test on Cement
 Test on Fine aggregate
 Experiment on bricks masonry
 Curing of masonry for 7 days, 14
days and 28 days
 Compression test
 Future works
3
.

4. Materials Used in Masnory
 Fine Aggegrate (sand)
 Cement (PPC)
 Bricks
 Plastic bottle
4

5. Bricks
 Field test
 Dimension Of Bricks
 Compressive Strength Of Bricks
5

6. Bricks field test
6
Fig 1 Efflorescence
test
Fig 2 Soundness test
Fig 3 Hardness test
Fig 4 Quality test

7. 7
PROCEDURE
Dimension Test of Brick as per
[IS Code 1077:1999]
Material test
Fig 3 Height
Fig 2 Width
Fig 1 Length

8. Dimension Of Single Brick to 20 Bricks
Length (L) 22.5×20 450
Depth/Width (D/W) 10×20 200
Height (H) 8×20 160
CM CM
8

9. 9  PROCESURE
Test for Compressive Strength of
Bricks
[IS: 3495 (Part-1): 1992]
Fig 2
Fig 1

10. 10
22.5×10.7 62
22.5×10.5 76.5
23×10.7 15.5
22.5×10.5 10.5
22.5×10.6 3105

11. Cement
 The cement used was ultratech PPC to prepare concrete specimen. Tests on
concrete include:-
 Fineness Test
 Specific Gravity
 Normal Consistency
 Initial Setting Time
 Final Setting Time
 Compressive Strenght
11

12. Fineness Test Of Cement
PROCEDURE OF THE TEST:-
100g cement
Sieve through 90 micron sieve
Time for sieving 15 min
Weight of residue (9g)
Result = 9/100*100 = 9%
Permissible limit is 10% for PPC
12

13. 13
Specific Gravity Of Cement
Fig 1 W1
Fig 1 W4
Fig 1 W3

14. 14
Calculations
 Specific gravity = W2-W1
 (W2-W1)-(W3-W4)*0.79
 0.79 is the Specific Gravity of kerosene
 Specific gravity of cement was obtained as 3.12
 Permissible value is around 3.15
Weight of item Weight (g)
Weight of empty
pycnometer (W1)
147
Weight of cement +
pycnometer (W2)
197
Weight of cement +
pycnometer + Kerosene
(W3)
268
Weight of pycnometer +
kerosene (W4)
225
Table of results
Specific Gravity Of Cement

15. 15
 Apparatus
 Vicat apparatus,
 Balance,
 Gauging Trowel,
 Stop Watch, etc.
Normal Consistency Test
 Procedure
 100g of cement
 30% water by weight
 Fill the mould in 3 – 5 minutes
 Attach needle and allow it to free fall
 Check for penetration
 It was less hence we added 1% water
 penetration was between 33 – 35mm
 Hence water for standard consistency was
found to be 31%

16. 16
Initial Setting Time
 Apparatus
 Vicat Apparatus
 Stop clock
 PPC
 Needle (size 1mm2 area and 50mm long)
 Procedure
 100g cement
 0.85P amount of water
 Start the stop clock
 Fill the mould in 3 – 5 minutes
 Attach the needle and allow it to free fall
 Stop the clock at 33 – 35mm penetration
 It was recorded as 45 minutes for this experiment
 Permissible limit is 30 minutes minimum

17. 17
 Apparatus
 Vicat Apparatus
 Stop clock
 PPC
 Circular attachment needle with 0.5 mm projection
 Procedure
 100g cement
 0.85P amount of water
 Start the stop clock
 Fill the mould in 3 – 5 minutes
 Attach the needle and allow it to free fall
 Stop the clock when the cutting edge stops making depressions
 It was found to be 390 minutes for this experiment
 Permissible limit is 600 minutes maximum
Final Setting Time

18. 18
Compressive Strength
 Apparatus
 Metal cubes (size 70.6mm X 70.6mm X 70.6mm)
 Compressive testing machine
 Non-porous enamel tray
 PPC
 Sand
 Procedure
 Cement and sand of proportion 1:3
 (P/4) + 3 percent of water
 Mix for 3 – 5 minutes and fill the moulds
 Compact
 Leave for 24 hours and then place for curing
 Test on compressive testing machine

19. 19
Compressive test of cement cubes and
compressive testing machine

20. 20
Table of results
cube
No.
Load
Applied,
P(KN)
Area of
Cube, A
(mm2)
Compressive
strength, P/A
(N/mm2) at 28
days
Average
compressive
strength
(N/mm2) at 28
days
1 307.2 5000 61.44
2 290.4 5000 58.08 59.56
3 295.8 5000 59.16

21. 21
The Results Are Summarised As Below:
Sr.
No.
Physical Property Value Permissible
value
1 Fineness Modulus 9% 10% for PPC
2 Normal Consistency 33% -
3 Initial Setting Time 32 min 30 min (min)
4 Final Setting Time 510 min 600 min(max)
5 Specific Gravity 3.12 Around 3.15
6 Compressive Strength
of Cement at 28 Days
59.56
N/mm2
53 N/mm2

22. Fine Aggregates
 The following tests were carried out on fine
 Fineness Test Of Fine Aggregates
 Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregates
 Water Absorption of Fine Aggregates
22

23. 23
Fineness Modulus of Fine
Aggregate
 Apparatus:
 Sieves as per IS standards
 Mechanical sieve shaker(optional)
 Dry oven
 Digital weight scale

24. 24
 Sieve Analysis of Fine Aggregate
 Following is the test procedure for fineness modulus of sand
test,
 Take the sieves and arrange them in descending order
with the largest sieve on top.
 If a mechanical shaker is using for shaking, then put the
sieve set in position on the mechanical shaker and pour
the sample in the top sieve & then close it with the sieve
plate.
 Then switch on the machine and shaking of sieves should
be done at least for 5 minutes.
 If the shaking is done manually (by the hands) then pour the
sample in a top sieve and close it then hold the top two
sieves and shake it inwards and outwards, vertically and
horizontally.
 After some time shake 3 and 4 and finally last sieves
simultaneously.
 After sieving, record the sample weights retained on
each sieve. Then find the cumulative weight retained.
 Finally, determine the cumulative percentage retained
on each sieve.
 Add the all cumulative percentage values and divide
with 100 then we will get the value of fineness modulus.

25. 25
Type of
sand
F.M Range
Fine sand 2.2-2.6
Medium
sand
2.6-2.9
Coarse
sand
2.9-3.2
Is Sieve
Designati
on
(mm)
Weight
retaine
d
(kg)
Percentage
weight
retained
Cumulative
Percentage
passing
Percenta
ge
passing
as
per IS 383
4.75 16 5.33 94.67 90-100
2.36 59 19.66 80.34 85-100
1.18 92 30.66 69.34 75-100
600 62 20.69 79.31 60-79
425 29 9.66 90.34 35-80
150 27 9 91 0-10
75 15 5 95 0-10
TOTAL 300 100 600

26. 26
Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregates
Fig 1 W1 Fig 2 W2
Fig 3 W3 Fig 4 W4

27. 27
Sr.
no
Description Observe
d values
1 Weight of pycnometer in air: W1 g
2 Weight of aggregates and Pycnometer: W2 g
3 Weight of aggregates, Pycnometer and water: W3 g
4 Weight of water and Pycnometer in air: W4 g
5 Apparent Specific Gravity: (W2 – W1) / [(W4 –
W1) - (W3 -W2 )]
specific gravity of aggregates normally used in construction ranges
from about 2.5 to 3.0 with an average value of about 2.68.

28. 28 Brick masonry we made was 25 cm x 36cm x 29cm.
 we use standard size bricks and mortar we used was of
cement and sand having proportion 1:6.
 It took 4 layers (1 layer= brick+ 1cm mortar top of it) to fill
the whole box to the top.
 Each layer is place adjacent to prevent same layer patent
Experiment on bricks masonry
For 1 block
For 3 blocks
1. Total volume of brick = 9 x 0.00189
= 0.01701 m³ 0.05121 m³
2. Volume of block = 0.25 x 0.36 x0.29
= 0.0261 m³ 0.0783 m³
3. Total volume of mortar = 0.0261 – 0.01701
= 0.00909m³
0.02727m³
Calculation

29. 29 4. Dry mortar required = 0.00909 x 1.25 x 1.15
= 0.013066875 m³
0.039200625m³
5. Cement = 0.013066875 =0.00187m³ for
1 block = 0.053 bags
= 0.159bag,
= 0.159×50=8kg
6 sands= (0.013066875x 6) / 7 =0.011200178 m³
= 3x 0.011200178
= 0.0336 m³ ≈ 0.04 m³
7 Bricks=9 27 nos
1. Curing of masonry for 7 days, 14 days and 28days.
Fig. 4.12 curing of masonry
Masonry after 24 hours was removed from box and was kept in water tanks for curing.

30. 30
Compression test
Masonry after appropriate time was taken out from water tank for
compression test under UTM
Fig. 4.13. Compression test of masonry under UTM

31. 31 Table 4.5.compression value obtain for cement masonry
DAYS LOAD
7 days 1940 kN/m²
14 days 2100 kN/m²
28 days 2478 kN/m²
 Material cost
Cement = 0.477 bags x 350 = 170/-
Sand = 0.10080 m³ x 900 = 90.72 ≜ 95
Brick = 81 x 6 = 485/-
Total cost = 750 RS

32. 32
Future works
Test on bottle compressive strength.
 Make a cube of bottle masonry.
Comparison of compressive strength of bricks masonry
and bottle masonry.
Comparison of bricks masonry and bottle masonry.

33. 33
THANK YOU