This document summarizes an experimental study on a "LiPercu block", which is a type of concrete block that contains optical fibers to transmit light. The objectives of the study were to develop a block that makes use of natural light, reduces electricity consumption, and has light transmitting properties. Tests were conducted on the raw materials and finished blocks containing 4% and 4.5% optical fibers. The blocks were tested for density, water absorption, and compressive strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that blocks with optical fibers had lower strength but higher light transmission compared to conventional concrete. In conclusion, these blocks could help buildings utilize natural light and reduce energy usage.

1. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON “LIPERCU” BLOCK
Under the guidance of :
Mr.D.ARIVUKKARASU. M.E.,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
Batch members:
DILIPA V 110313103010
JAYANTH S 110313103019
KASULA HEMANTH 110313103022
SRINATH U 110313103048

2. INTRODUCTION
• LIPERCU BLOCK- LIght PERCUlating BLOCK.
• Concrete that contains thousands of optical strands that are
placed in concrete to transmit light from either natural or
artificial sources.
• The light from the concrete block is most clearly visible
when used in an environmental condition with high degree of
light.

3. ABSTRACT
•In present scenario , large buildings (i.e,skyscrapers)
are developing near the small buildings, this arises
the problem of deriving natural light so to overcome
that our “LiPercu block” is developed.
•The new kind of building blocks can integrate the
concept of green energy saving with the usage self-
sensing properties of functional materials.
•Concrete with the characteristic of being transparent
will permit a better interaction between the
construction and its environment.

4. OBJECTIVES
•To make use of natural light.
•To light the darker rooms with pleasant lightning.
•To reduce the electricity consumption.
•To cast a special type of concrete with light
transmitting properties.
•To study their characteristics and to develop a
functioning material which is not only energy saving
but gives out artistic finish.

5. ADVANTAGES
•Eco friendly ,cheap and smart consumer.
•It can improve visibility in subway stations.
•Illuminating speed bumps on road ways at night.
•Where light is not able to come properly at that
place our concrete block can be used.
•Appearance is unique.
•It is requirement for green buildings.

6. SCOPE
•One of the best properties of LIPERCU block is its
simplicity.
•Material has distinct architectural and interior design
appeal.
•Buildings with lack of natural light can be utilized
•The possibilities are endless.

7. LITERATURE
A. B. Sawant, R. V. Jugdar, S. G. Sawant (2014)- Light
Transmitting Concrete by using Optical Fiber- ISSN: 2319–
9598, Volume-3 Issue-1, December 2014
• The optical fibers are used in the concrete block in 5 different
percentages, ranges from 1% to 5% of the surface area.
• It can be seen that the compressive strength of concrete block
reduces with the increase the percentage of fibers.(i.e. percentage
of surface area of concrete block)used in concrete block.

8. SOUMYAJIT PAUL, AVIK DUTTA (2013)-
TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE- ISSN 2250-3153, Volume
3, Issue 10, October 2013
• A polymeric matrix is to be provided to enhance the binding
capacity and also the mechanical strength.
• The mechanical characteristics such as compressive
resistance of a translucent concrete with epoxy matrix is up
to 220 Mpa.
• The aggregates used in the manufacture and formulation
were fiberglass, silica, colloidal silica sol and optical fibers.
Optionally, rocky elements can be used as aggregates, for
example, gravels, sands, etc.

9. Prof. Prasad. Bishetti, Sanket. D. Ojanahalli, Sohail. M. N,
Rajiva.A. B, Shivanagouda.V. H (2016)- EXPERIMENTAL
STUDY OF TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE ON
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH -ISSN: 2320-8163,Volume
4, Issue 4 (July-Aug, 2016), PP. 120-122
• Compressive strength is achieved as like the conventional
concrete.
• Hand compaction should be avoided.
• 2 micron diameter of optical fiber is used.

10. METHODOLOGY
Collection of material
Test on raw material
cement
Fine aggregate
Coarse aggregate
Optical fibers
Specific
gravity
Water
absorption
Preparation of mould
Mix design as per IS:10262
Batching Weight batching
Casting & curing
Test on hardened concrete
Conventional
concrete
4% addition
Density
Water absorption
Compression test
Result analysis4.5% addition
Luminous test

11. Material test
• TEST ON CEMENT
• FINENESS TEST BY SIEVING
• STANDARD CONSISTENCY TEST
• SETTING TIME TEST
• SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST
• TEST ON FINE AGGREGATE
• FINENESS MODULUS TEST
• SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST
• WATER ABSORPTION TEST
• BULKINESS OF SAND
• TEST ON COARSE AGGREGATE
• SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST
• WATER ABSORPTION TEST
• SIEVE ANALYSIS

12. TEST ON CEMENT
S.NO TYPE OF TEST
VALUES
OBTAINED FOR
CEMENT
1 Fineness Test by Sieving 4%
2 Standard Consistency
Test
26%
3 Initial Setting Time 35 minutes
4 Final Setting Time 555 minutes
5 Specific Gravity Test 3.1517

14. TEST ON FINE AGGREGATE
SL.NO TYPE OF TEST
VALUES
OBTAINED FOR
FA
1 Fineness Modulus Test 5.036%
2 Bulkiness of sand 6.66%
3 Specific Gravity Test 2.59
4 Water Absorption Test 0.53%

17. TEST ON COARSE AGGREGATE
SL.NO TYPE OF TEST VALUES
OBTAINED
1 SIEVE ANALYSIS 2.432%
2 SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST 2.70
3 WATER ABSORPTION TEST 5.45 %

18. MIX DESIGN CALCULATIONS

19. STEP 1 : STIPULATIONS FOR PROPORTIONING
Grade Designation : M25
Type of Cement :OPC 53 grade554
Confirming to IS8112
Maximum nominal size of aggregate : 20mm
Maximum cement content : 280+40 kg/m3
: 320 kg/m3
Maximum water-cement ratio : 0.40
Workability : 25-75mm(slump)
Exposure condition : Extreme
Method of concrete placing : Nil
Degree of supervision : Good
Type of aggregate : Crushed Angular
Aggregate
Maximum cement content : 450kg/m3
Chemical admixture type : Nil

20. STEP 2 : TEST DATA FOR MATERIALS
Cement used : OPC 53 grade
Conforming to IS8112
Specific gravity of cement : 3.1517
Specific gravity of :
Coarse aggregate : 2.67
Fine aggregate : 2.67
Water absorption :
Coarse aggregate : 5%
Fine aggregate : 0.1%
Free (surface) moisture :
Coarse aggregate : Nil
Fine aggregate : Nil
Sieve analysis :
Coarse aggregate : 2.432%
Fine aggregate : 5.03%(ZONE 1)
Confirming to IS 383-1970
TABLE NO 4

21. STEP 3: TARGET STRENGTH FOR MIX PROPERTIONING
f1
ck = fck + 1.65 s
= 25 + 1.65(4)
(s =4, Table 1, IS 10262:2009)
f1
CK = 31.6 N/mm2
STEP 4: SELECTION OF WATER CEMENT RATIO
From Table 5 of IS 456: 2000
Maximum water-cement ratio: 0.40
Therefore adopt water-cement ratio is 0.40
STEP 5: SELECTION OF WATER CONTENT
From Table2, Maximum water content for 10mm aggregate= 208 litres
(From IS10262:2009)

22. STEP 6: CALCULATION OF CEMENT CONTENT
Water-cement Ratio = 0.40
Cement content = 280/0.40
= 520 kg/m3
Therefore Maximum Cement Content = 520 kg/m3
STEP 7: PROPORTION OF VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE
AND FINE AGGREGATE
Volume of coarse aggregate =0.46
Volume of fine aggregate = 1 - 0.46
= 0.54

23. STEP 8 : MIX CALCULATIONS
Volume of concrete = 1 m3
Volume of cement = ( 520/3.1517) x (1/1000)
= 0.165 m3
Volume of water = (208/1) x ( 1/1000 )
= 0.208 m3
Volume of all in aggregate = [ a – [ b + c ] ]
= 1 – (0.165 + 0.208)
= 0.627 m3
Mass of coarse aggregate = d x 0.46 x 2.67 x 1000
= 0.627 x 0.46 x 2.67 x1000
= 770.08 kg
Mass of fine aggregate = 0.627 x 0.54 x 2.67 x 1000
= 904.0086
= 904kg

24. STEP 9 : MIX PROPORTIONS FOR TRIAL
Cement = 520 kg/m3
Water = 208 kg/m3
Fine aggregate = 904 kg/m3
Coarse aggregate = 770 kg/m3
Water-cement ratio = 0.40
Mix calculations are made as per IS 10262:2009
The calculated results are given below:
Cement = 2.1528 kg
Water = 0.861 kg
=0.861 litre or 861 ml
Fine aggregate = 3.6 kg
Coarse aggregate = 3.1878 kg
This are for a single block of size :230X150X100mm.

25. • Size of block- 230x150x100 mm

26. TEST ON BLOCK
• DETERMINATION OF BLOCK DENSITY FOR 4%
Mass of Test Block 1 in kg = 8.042 kg
Mass of Test Block 2 in kg = 8.134 kg
Mass of Test Block 3 in kg = 8.102 kg
Density =
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘 𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑔
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑚3 ×106 kg/m3
Density of Block 1 (ρ1) =
8.042
23×15×10
× 106
= 2331.014 kg/m3
Density of Block 2 (ρ2) =
8.134
23×14.9×10
× 106
= 2326.96 kg/m3

28. Density of Block 3 (ρ3) =
8.102
23×15×10
× 106
= 2334.458 kg/m3
Average Block Density =
ρ1+ρ2+ρ3
3
=
2331.014+2326.96+2348.40
3
Density of Block = 2334.458 kg/m3
• DETERMINATION OF BLOCK DENSITY FOR 4.5% OPTICAL FIBRES
Mass of Test Block 1 in kg = 8.324 kg
Mass of Test Block 2 in kg = 8.412 kg
Mass of Test Block 3 in kg = 8.163 kg
Density =
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘 𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑔
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑚3 ×106 kg/m3
Density of Block 1 (ρ1) =
8.324
23×15×9.8
× 106
= 2461.99 kg/m3

29. Density of Block 2 (ρ2) =
8.412
23×15×10
× 106
= 2438.26 kg/m3
Density of Block 3 (ρ3) =
8.163
23×15×10
× 106
=2366.086 kg/m3
Average Block Density =
𝜌1+𝜌2+𝜌3
3
=
2461.99+2438.26+2366.086
3
Density of Block = 2422.112 kg/m3

30. • DETERMINATION OF WATER ABSORPTION OF BLOCK
Water absorption for 4% optical fibres =
𝐴−𝐵
𝐵
× 100
where,
A = Wet mass of units in kg
B = Dry mass of units in kg
Water absorption, percent =
8.134−7.896
7.896
× 100
= 3.14 %
Water absorption percent for 4.5% optical fibres =
𝐴−𝐵
𝐵
× 100
Where,
A = Wet mass of units in kg
B = Dry mass of units in kg
Water absorption, percent =
8.412−8.032
8.032
× 100
= 4.73 %

32. • DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF 4% OPTICAL FIBRE
NO OF
DAYS
LOAD(KN) AREA
(mm2)
Compressive
strength
(N/mm2)
BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 AVERAGE
7 480 490 485 230x100 21.086
14 665 675 670 230x100 29.130
28 745 720 732.5 230x100 31.084

33. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
7 days 14 days 28 days
17.934
26.521
29.456
21.086
29.13
31.084
compressivestrengthN/mm2
AGE OF CUBES conventional optical fibre

34. • AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF 4.5%
OPTICAL FIBRE
NO OF
DAYS
LOAD(KN) AREA
(mm2)
Compressive
strength
(N/mm2)BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 AVERAGE
7 310 340 325 230x100 14.130
14 620 600 610 230x100 26.521
28 690 680 685 230x100 29.872

35. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
7 days 14 days 28 days
17.934
26.521
29.456
14.13
26.521
29.782
COMPRESSIVESTRENGTHN/mm2
AGE OF CUBES
coventional optical fiber

36. • AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONVENTIONAL
CONCRETE
NO OF
DAYS
LOAD(KN) AREA
(mm2)
Compressive
strength
(N/mm2)BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 AVERAGE
7 400 425 412.5 230x100 17.934
14 620 600 610 230x100 26.521
28 670 685 677.5 230x100 29.456

38. • LUMINOUS TEST
Light under the LED light = 2890 lumen/m2
Light passing through 4% optical fibres specimen = 624 lumen/m2
Light passing through 4.5% optical fibres specimen = 706 lumen/m2
% of light passing through 4% optical fibres specimen =
624
2890
× 100
= 21.59 %
% of light passing through 4.5% optical fibres specimen =
706
2890
× 100
= 24.42 %

39. Specimens with %
of optical fibers
LUX meter reading
( lumen/m2 )
Percentage of light
passing
through the
specimen
4 % 624 21.59 %
4.5 % 706 24.42 %

41. CONCLUSION
• Green buildings would get an easy accreditation under daylight
savings with this. Large and tall office buildings can share the
lighting when the ceilings are with our blocks.
• It’s a great sign of attraction and artistic evolution. Any structure
with a small hint of Lipercu block is bound to make heads turn
and make them stand in awe.
• It can be used for the best architectural appearance of the
building. Also used where the light cannot reach with appropriate
intensity.
• This new kind of building block can integrate the concept of
green energy saving with the usage self-sensing properties of
functional materials.
• Simply “Lipercu block-the smart way of optimising and utilising
light, a smart way of living.”

42. THANK YOU