Epoxy injection offers a permanent repair for cracks (and delaminations) in concrete. The repair is structural, permanent and water-tight with the same lifespan as the surrounding concrete. It can be performed at temperatures as low 35°F, on cracks as narrow as 5 mils (5/1000”) and even underwater.
The cured epoxy restores the monolithic integrity of the concrete, protects the internal reinforcing steel from corrosion and is unaffected by water, chemicals and sunlight. University studies confirm that the repaired concrete matches the original strength of the uncracked concrete. A useful performance specification for the epoxy adhesive is ASTM C881, Type IV for load bearing (structural) applications. The cured high modulus epoxy generally exhibits more than 3 times the compressive strength and over 10 times the tensile strength of the surrounding concrete.
Typical structures repaired using epoxy injection include: parking decks, stadiums, concrete framed buildings, residential foundations, swimming pools, airport runways and taxiways, concrete bridge decks, floor cracking and delaminations in warehouses and manufacturing facilities, concrete pipe and tanks, concrete beams and piers and port facilities including docks, piers and pilings. Facilities where crack injection is often employed include water/sewage treatment plants, industrial sites, machinery foundations, and refrigerated and frozen food storage warehouses.
Specially trained contractors should be considered to properly perform crack repair using proper surface preparation procedures and positive displacement metering pumps to properly proportion and deliver the two component epoxy.
Benefits of Epoxy Injection
• Fast cure strength — up to 5,000 psi compressive yield in less than 5 hours,
• Vibration tolerant during cure — repairs can be made while structure is open,
• Unique concrete crack injection solutions for underwater, corrosive, large void (low exotherm) and other extreme exposures,
• O VOC concrete crack repair adhesives and seals,
• Can be used in temperatures as low as 35°F,
• Restores cracked concrete and structural members including beams and columns to original monolithic strength,
• Stops water leakage through foundations,
• Prevents corrosion of embedded reinforcing steel,
• Useful in secondary containment areas to prevent leaks and
• Unlike urethane chemical grouts, the epoxy crack repair is structural and permanent.
Quality Control in Concrete and Durability factors : An overview by by RAJESH PRASAD,IRSE, CPM/M, RVNL. KOLKATA. An interesting and informative presentation....
This power point presentation gives you information about the various chemicals, admixtures used to repair members and improve the properties of concrete. it gives you information about the various types of concrete. it gives you information about the various methods of repair.
This presentation has been prepared by civil engineering students of Tolani Foundation Gandhidham Polytechnic:
DHAWANI LAVISH
GAYAKWAD TEJAS
GORASIYA MAYUR
HIRANI YATIN
KATARMAL DARSHAN
LALWANI PIYUSH
MALI VISHNU
PATEL PARTH
PRAJAPATI JAYESH
PRAJAPATI KALPESH
Thank You!!
This is a ppt. on protection from corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures. I had prepared this as a part of my class seminar. I made this by referring to the books on Concrete Technology by M.S.Shetty and M.L.Gambhir
this presentation deals with the different types of cracks generated in concrete during its usage and after its application and also methods to retrofit these cracks
Strength and durability of concrete - Repair and rehabilitation of structures...Shanmugasundaram N
Quality assurance for concrete – Strength, Durability and Thermal properties, of concrete - Cracks, different types, causes – Effects due to climate, temperature, Sustained elevated temperature, Corrosion - Effects of cover thickness.
A crack is a complete or incomplete separation of concrete into two or more parts produced by breaking or fracturing.
Cracks are one kind of universal problems of concrete construction as it affects the building artistic and it also destroys the wall’s integrity, affects the structure safety and even reduce the durability of structure
Carbon dioxide penetrates into the concrete through the cracks and speed up carbonation around the cracks, thus shortening the structure usage.
The cracks in the concrete wall would cause the leakage of the building; it reduces the stiffness, durability and seismic performance of buildings.
Cracks on the wall surface damage to the later rendering, will affect to the appearance.
How you repair a concrete crack is dependent on where the crack is located and on the condition of the crack. Using the wrong crack repair solution could result in the crack re-forming, or in new cracks forming.
Quality Control in Concrete and Durability factors : An overview by by RAJESH PRASAD,IRSE, CPM/M, RVNL. KOLKATA. An interesting and informative presentation....
This power point presentation gives you information about the various chemicals, admixtures used to repair members and improve the properties of concrete. it gives you information about the various types of concrete. it gives you information about the various methods of repair.
This presentation has been prepared by civil engineering students of Tolani Foundation Gandhidham Polytechnic:
DHAWANI LAVISH
GAYAKWAD TEJAS
GORASIYA MAYUR
HIRANI YATIN
KATARMAL DARSHAN
LALWANI PIYUSH
MALI VISHNU
PATEL PARTH
PRAJAPATI JAYESH
PRAJAPATI KALPESH
Thank You!!
This is a ppt. on protection from corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures. I had prepared this as a part of my class seminar. I made this by referring to the books on Concrete Technology by M.S.Shetty and M.L.Gambhir
this presentation deals with the different types of cracks generated in concrete during its usage and after its application and also methods to retrofit these cracks
Strength and durability of concrete - Repair and rehabilitation of structures...Shanmugasundaram N
Quality assurance for concrete – Strength, Durability and Thermal properties, of concrete - Cracks, different types, causes – Effects due to climate, temperature, Sustained elevated temperature, Corrosion - Effects of cover thickness.
A crack is a complete or incomplete separation of concrete into two or more parts produced by breaking or fracturing.
Cracks are one kind of universal problems of concrete construction as it affects the building artistic and it also destroys the wall’s integrity, affects the structure safety and even reduce the durability of structure
Carbon dioxide penetrates into the concrete through the cracks and speed up carbonation around the cracks, thus shortening the structure usage.
The cracks in the concrete wall would cause the leakage of the building; it reduces the stiffness, durability and seismic performance of buildings.
Cracks on the wall surface damage to the later rendering, will affect to the appearance.
How you repair a concrete crack is dependent on where the crack is located and on the condition of the crack. Using the wrong crack repair solution could result in the crack re-forming, or in new cracks forming.
Concrete Repair: Bridges and Tunnels--Epoxies jbors
Examples of maintenance, rehabilitation and repair of transportation structures including bridges and tunnels using epoxy products for structural repair and protection. ASTM C881 catagories are explained. ChemCo Systems, Redwood City, CA manufactures epoxies for these applications (www.chemcosystems.com).
Reasons and solution to cracks in buildings.
<div dir="ltr"><br>Reasons and solution to cracks in buildings.<br><blockquote style="margin: 1.5em 0pt;"></blockquote></div>
HANDOUT for this is available at http://i-digitals.blogspot.com/2011/08/using-excel-to-manage-student-grade.html
This workshop is an introduction to basic Excel formulas and functions. The emphasis is on the application of the software to manage student scores, and to calculate the letter grade for a class.
ProCoat Industrial Corrosion Protection. Rebuilding and refurbishing. Steel, Power, Cement, Marine, waste water Treatment, Paper, Process, Soda Ash, FGD Systems, Tank, Electricity, corrosion, Erosion, Cavitation, pitting, Acid protections, chemical protection, Transmission and many more industries.
Walia International Machines is a multi divisional,vacuum de watering machine,vacuum dewatering machine,vacuum dewatering machines,vacuum de dewatering machines
Address : Walia International Machines Corporation,408 Vishwadeep , District Centre, Janak Puri New Delhi- 110058,India
Website : http://waliainternational.com
Telefax : 011 – 25546044 ,25521275
Emails : info@waliainternational.com
Metal bridge decks must be perfectly waterproofed to protect the sheet metal from corrosion.
If in addition the bridge is subjected to heavy, intense traffic, the surface course will also be
required to withstand traffic-induced stresses such as rutting. Few processes can withstand such
treatment. The complex stresses to which these metal structures are subject make it very difficult
to devise a suitable technical solution.
Eurovia has developed an exclusive solution that can meet the most stringent requirements:Orthoplast.
Epoxy asphalt for long lived pavement on long span bridgesjbors
Epoxy Asphalt is an extremely durable pavement typically used on long span bridges with orthrotropic steel decks. It is also used for very durable overlays (as thin as ¾ inch or 19 mm) on concrete decks.
Epoxy Asphalt’s first major installation and longest service life is on the San Mateo Bridge in Northern California, where it is still in use after 46 years. Its heaviest use is on the Bay Bridge between Oakland and San Francisco where traffic counts are 280,000 daily vehicles over 10 lanes. The Bay Bridge overlay is 19 mm and has lasted 37 years.
Epoxy Asphalt is a thermoset polymer unlike regular and polymer modified asphalt binders, the latter of which are thermoplastics. It does not melt, does not rut or shove and is many times stronger than normal asphalts. It offers 3-4 orders of magnitude improved fatigue resistance (won't crack under repeated flexing).
Epoxy Asphalt is placed with standard asphalt paving equipment and plants. Epoxy Asphalt is manufactured by ChemCo Systems in Redwood City CA (www.chemcosystems.com).
Osmosis - The Bane of Liquid Applied Waterproofing MembranesGraham Finch
Presentation from 18th Annual Westford Symposium, Building Science Summer Camp. Presentation covers history of cold applied liquid waterproofing membranes up to discovery and proof of osmotic blistering failure. Results from recent testing of various membrane types
Over a decade ago, while performing warranty reviews and condition assessments, RDH began to find water-filled blisters under many new cold-applied membranes. In some cases it was so severe that the premature replacement of entire roof assemblies was necessary. This presentation explains the science behind what was going on, and how we were able to develop a fix for future installations.
What is CAF?
A growth consisting of a conductive copper-containing salt. It is created electrochemically and grows from the anode toward the cathode subsurface along the epoxy/glass interface.
Conductive Anodic Filament (CAF) formation does happen
o When it happens, it can cause a lot of pain
CAF behavior is relatively stable
o Limited change in key PCB technology (pitch, materials,
assembly)
CAF mitigation is well known (execute it!)
o Evaluate your designs
o Qualify your suppliers
JEMKON - WATER ROOFING & CONSTRUCTION CHEMICALS.pdfPriyanka Vyas
Jemkon is leading epoxy flooring manufacturer in India, and provides epoxy flooring services all across India. We also provide epoxy flooring waterproofing and construction chemical service to the industriaal and commercial verticals
ChemCo Systems InsulPOX™ Cryogenic Insulating Polymer Concrete (IPC) Overlay ...jbors
InsulPOX is a cryogenic liquid-applied secondary containment epoxy insulating polymer concrete (IPC) overlay with low thermal conductivity for LNG and other cryogenic liquids storage and shipping terminals.
Stemming from research conducted with Brookhaven National Laboratory, ChemCo Systems is proud to announce a recent installation of CCS InsulPOX at an LNG facility on Long Island in New York. InsulPOX has also been installed as an insulating liner in the concrete trenches and sumps of a newly constructed Texas LNG liquification terminal now in operation.
This lightweight 3/4-1" thick insulating polymer concrete (IPC) overlay system reduces heat transfer from sump, dike and trench walls and floors. This low modulus epoxy polymer lining reduces the evaporation rate of spilled LNG and the vapor plume spread and lowers the concentration of flammable methane gas in the surrounding atmosphere. As the surface secondary containment layer, it also provides protection to the concrete and structural steel from potential cryogenic brittle fracture by insulating it from the -260 °F liquid should a spill occur.
The flexibility and toughness of the low modulus insulating layer provides excellent mechanical and thermal shock resistance. A long mixed useful life of the polymer during application makes installation hassle-free. InsulPOX can be installed as a seamless overlay directly on floors or cast in place on walls. Optionally, InsulPOX can be supplied in finished precast panels of 3/4-1" thickness and 4' x 8' width and length and installed quickly on both walls and floors. InsulPOX is formulated with a non-flammable, chemical resistant, thermoset binder. We are excited to contribute to the safe growth of LNG and LPG storage and terminal operations.
Why InsulPOX?
• Slows evaporation of spilled LNG by reducing the heat transfer of underlying concrete. Lowers the airborne concentration of evaporated vapors to avert explosive levels.
• Protects concrete from cracking and flexing due to severe thermal cycling due to exposure to -260°F (-160°C) LNG liquid or other cryogenic liquids such as liquid oxygen or liquid nitrogen.
• Protects reinforcing steel from cryogenic embrittlement.
• Resistant to mechanical and thermal shocks.
• Provides seamless installation.
• Field repair uses non-sag version.
• High compressive and tensile strength tolerates foot and light vehicle traffic.
• Can be installed very quickly in larger areas if precast panels are selected.
A pocket guide to ChemCo Systems' Model B concrete crack epoxy injection pump Pressure Ratio Testing procedures. Includes an outline of test procedures, required materials/equipment, and test results analysis.
San Francisco-Oakland SAS Bay Bridge Epoxy Asphalt Concrete Pavingjbors
Epoxy Asphalt Concrete Installation on the new, Self-Anchored Suspension Bay Bridge in San Francisco, California. Extremely durable, fatigue resistant flexible pavement especially suitable for long span bridges with steel decks.
25 incredible tips for concrete repair with epoxyjbors
Epoxies are structural repair polymers offering permanent repair of concrete. This brief discussion focuses on tips for success with epoxies including handling, safety, applying, mixing, surface preparation, environmental factors and other considerations for successful repair. It is oriented towards the professional concrete repair specialist contractor.
Epoxy Asphalt Success in China on Long Span Bridgesjbors
Epoxy Asphalt paving for long span bridges in China has been in use since 2000. ChemCo Systems Epoxy Asphalt has shown to be the most durable pavement on orthotropic steel decks which are typical design elements of long span bridges.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
2. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Introduction
Overview of pressure crack
injection
Practical and technical issues
– Choose a primary repair technique
Epoxy properties
ChemCo Systems
– epoxies and structural concrete
repair
– metering pumps and equipment
– 50 years of experience
– Kemko® applicator program
3. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Crack evaluation
What is a crack?
– width and depth limitations
– pocket microscope, crack cards
– Structural vs. non structural
– Identify cause and need for repair
ACI 224 guidelines for crack width
Exposure condition Tolerable crack
width (in.)
Tolerable crack
width (mm)
Dry air or protective membrane 0.016 0.41
Humidity, moist air, soil 0.012 0.30
De-icing chemicals 0.007 0.18
Seawater and seawater spray:
Wetting and drying
0.006 0.15
Water retaining structures
(excluding pressure pipes)
0.004 0.10
4. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Know when to inject
OK
– Shrinkage cracks
– One time or
temporary overload
– Leaks
– Cold joints after
concrete has aged (and
shrunk)
– Settlement
– Delamination
Not OK
– Service load has
increased beyond
design limits
– Inadequate design
– Moving joints
5. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Why inject?
Restore structural and/or design strength to the
cracked concrete structure
Eliminate serious spalling of concrete initiated by
cracking and aggravated by freeze thaw cycling
Prevent corrosion of reinforcing steel and pre-
stress tendons by encapsulating them against
moisture
Stop water leakage through concrete structures
Repair concrete architecturally without the
unsightly surface marks caused by standard surface
crack repairs
6. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Injection Process, part 1
1. Identify cracks for
repair
2. Optimum port
spacing and location
3. Surface preparation
4. Seal crack at surfaces
5. Inject
6. Remove seal
7. Restore surface
7. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Injection Process, part 2
Seal crack at surfaces
Inject
Remove seal
Restore surface
QC
8. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Crack Preparation
Wire brushing or grinding
– remove laitance
Seal selection
– conditions dependent
Ports or portless (taped)?
Crack chasing or routing?
Useful tools
– scalpel, razor, tape, wax,
wire brush
Cleaning up
– solvent, stripper, propane
torch, hot air gun
Taped (open) ports are
considered to be more time
efficient. When full, sealed by
wax or soap.
9. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Special surface seals
Epoxy pastes
– high mod. vs. flexible
– short vs. long potlife (useable mix
life)
Wax, hot melt seals
Cementitious (hydraulic cement)
StripSEALTM (peelable)
Considerations
– wet conditions
– post-repair surface appearance
– ease of removal
– seal cracking (thermal cycling)StripSEAL—a unique removal surface seal
10. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Epoxy Injection
Port locations
– access to both sides?
Sequence
Is water present?
Pressure and duration
Finished appearance
Pacoima Dam in Southern CA
11. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Equipment
Positive displacement mix
pumps
– gear vs. piston
– portability
– reliability
Static mixers
Ports
Pressure test kit
Functional gauges
Flush kit
ChemCo Systems Model B
Epoxy Injection Pump
12. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Injection QC
Daily pump ratio
check
– volumetric samples
at pressure
Static mixer
condition
Temperature vs.
crack width
Cure time and temp
relationship
Core examinationsChemCo’s Ratio and Pressure Check Device
13. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Strength of Injected Repair
Standardized reinforced
concrete beams were
tested to failure
Cracked beams were
injected then retested
Repaired beams had
same failure strengths
as original beams
Study by Dr. H.W. Chung, University of Hong Kong
14. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Epoxy Bond stronger than concrete
Slant shear test bond line
15. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Epoxy behavior
Temperature behavior
– viscosity change
– reaction/cure rate change
Crack size and viscosity
Exothermal in bulk (large quantities and voids)
Excellent shelf life (3 years typical)
16. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Epoxy cure time
C U R E R A T E O F E P O X Y IN J E C T IO N
A D H E S IV E S
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
40 50 60 73 80 90
C ure T e m p e ra ture D e g . F
T yp ica l inje ctio n
re sin
Slo we r
Fa ste r
When can you move a panel or vibrate the concrete?
17. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Injection resin typical properties
(ASTM tests)
Tensile Strength 6-9,000 psi
Elongation 2%
Compressive 14-16,000 psi
Flexural 10-12,000 psi
Viscosity 200-500 cps
HDT 120-165°F
Gel time 14-210 min.
For structural repairs:
Select adhesive that meets
ASTM C881, Type IV
18. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Special applications
Large voids, honeycombs
old-to-new concrete
Leaks or underwater
No backside seal
– slump pumping
– paste injection
Internal splices
External plates
Cold joints
Water tanks
19. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Safety
Eye protection
– glasses or shield
– eyewash (flush for 5
minutes)
Solvents & strippers
– in confined spaces
– grounded containers
Skin protection
– use gloves
– long sleeves and pants
– dermatitis
SDS on site access
Cleanliness
– wash-up every time
Disposal
20. J Bors ChemCo Systems www.chemcosystems.com
Where to find more information
Company training sessions
– ChemCo Systems Kemko®
applicator training (free)
ICRI booklet and
specification
Epoxy Injection in Construction,
Trout Aberdeen Grp.
ACI repair committees
