Walia International Machines is a multi divisional,vacuum de watering machine,vacuum dewatering machine,vacuum dewatering machines,vacuum de dewatering machines
Address : Walia International Machines Corporation,408 Vishwadeep , District Centre, Janak Puri New Delhi- 110058,India
Website : http://waliainternational.com
Telefax : 011 – 25546044 ,25521275
Emails : info@waliainternational.com
Abstract Concrete plays important role in the construction industry but it has some drawbacks . To overcome this drawbacks the search for durable and sustainable construction materials is the need of time. This leads to the developments of concrete composites in combination of various compounds to be used in many applications in world of cement concrete. A better knowledge of materials behaviour, especially in the field of admixtures, and a better understanding of curing processes allowed the development of highly performing mineral or modified mineral concretes, mortars and grouts. The world of concrete with fibres, as well as the world of concrete- with polymer has been undergoing major researches to enhance the properties of traditional concrete. Both worlds recognize, strive for and accept each other’s contribution to the synergic effects that are realized by the combination of classical building materials and polymers. This paper briefly review the use concrete composites in combination with polymer, where polymers are in the form of a polymerised matrix comingled with the hydrated cement paste. The micro-structure and properties of composite polymer modified concrete are described and some current possible applications are mentioned. It is observed that using fibers in combination with polymer show further enhancement.Various methodology, emerging trends as well as variations in curing techniques for polymer modified concrete are observed. Also the modern strengthening techniques used for improving the earthquake behaviour of structures, by aid of fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) are discussed for the use of rehabilitation of existing structures.Several recently published articles and technical papers dealing polymer modified concrete are critically reviewed. Keywords: Polymer, SBR latex, Acrylic polymer, Steel fiber.
what is polymer concrete, types, properties, material used in manufacturing process , manufacturing process, applications and their advantages. case study on polymer composite concrete.
Abstract Concrete plays important role in the construction industry but it has some drawbacks . To overcome this drawbacks the search for durable and sustainable construction materials is the need of time. This leads to the developments of concrete composites in combination of various compounds to be used in many applications in world of cement concrete. A better knowledge of materials behaviour, especially in the field of admixtures, and a better understanding of curing processes allowed the development of highly performing mineral or modified mineral concretes, mortars and grouts. The world of concrete with fibres, as well as the world of concrete- with polymer has been undergoing major researches to enhance the properties of traditional concrete. Both worlds recognize, strive for and accept each other’s contribution to the synergic effects that are realized by the combination of classical building materials and polymers. This paper briefly review the use concrete composites in combination with polymer, where polymers are in the form of a polymerised matrix comingled with the hydrated cement paste. The micro-structure and properties of composite polymer modified concrete are described and some current possible applications are mentioned. It is observed that using fibers in combination with polymer show further enhancement.Various methodology, emerging trends as well as variations in curing techniques for polymer modified concrete are observed. Also the modern strengthening techniques used for improving the earthquake behaviour of structures, by aid of fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) are discussed for the use of rehabilitation of existing structures.Several recently published articles and technical papers dealing polymer modified concrete are critically reviewed. Keywords: Polymer, SBR latex, Acrylic polymer, Steel fiber.
what is polymer concrete, types, properties, material used in manufacturing process , manufacturing process, applications and their advantages. case study on polymer composite concrete.
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A pdf file on High Performance Concrete giving full details about High Performance Concrete, their use,advantages,disadvantages,strength,applications,tensile strength,bridges.
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The project was undertaken to design M50 grade concrete using GGBS cement and POZZOLANA cement and comparing the fresh concrete and hard concrete properties with concrete designed using conventional cement.
A pdf file on High Performance Concrete giving full details about High Performance Concrete, their use,advantages,disadvantages,strength,applications,tensile strength,bridges.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
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Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
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Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
1. POLYESTER POLYMER CONCRETE
Indian Roads Congress Accredited (March 2012)
DDR Global Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.
Rajesh Oberoi, P.E. (California, USA)
WALIA INTERNATIONAL MACHINES CORPORATION
408, Vishwadeep, District Centre, Janak Puri, New Delhi – 110058
Ph # 011-25546044, 25521275, E-mail : waliaintl@yahoo.com
Website : www.waliainternational.com
2. Introduction
DDR Global Infrastructure
Pvt. Ltd.
RAJESH OBEROI
P.E. (Civil) State of California, USA
B.Tech. (Civil), 1981, IIT, Kanpur, India
M.S. (Civil), 1985, Univ. of
Massachussetts, Amherst, MA, USA
3. Why Polyester Concrete
for Overlays in India?
Proven technology with a track record of 30+
years
ELIMINATES Maintenance Cost
Provides almost 100% protection against
chloride intrusion
Provides high skid resistance
Quick return to service in less than 2 hrs
Can be placed in one lift from 25mm – 300 mm
Exceptional Bond Strength
Used in EXTREME CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
with Altitude, Marine/Coastal, Humid,
Freeze-Thaw and Desert Environments
Polyester
Concrete
Bond line
Break line
4. What is Polyester
Concrete?
A very durable composite material
made of hardened polyester resin,
coarse aggregate and sand.
The polyester resin serves as the
binding agent - similar to hydrated
Portland Cement in PCC.
Engineered Material with Consistent
Properties.
Polyester
Concrete
Bond line
Break line
5. Polyester Concrete background
First use of current system 1983 – Thomson Creek & Beaver
Creek Bridges, Yreka, California, USA
1985/86 Highway overlay I-80 (10 lane miles),
California, USA
5 million m2 (55 million ft2) surface in place on
BRIDGES ALONE in 20 States in the USA equates to
approximately 1,500 km of single lane
TODAY – An average of 2 tenders/month are
advertised in just one State (California)
6. What is Polyester Concrete?
POLYSTER POLYMER
CONCRETE (PPC 1121)
PORTLAND CEMENT
CONCRETE
WATER
POLYESTER POLYMER RESIN
(Unsaturated Isophthalic
Poly-Styrene Co-Polymer)
CEMENT
SAND
IS383
SAND
IS383
AGGREGATE
Natural,10mm Down, River Borne
AGGREGATE
Crushed, 26.5mm Down
12. 30+ Years of Proven Performance
Polyester Polymer Concrete
Overlay Placed in 1983
These Pictures
were taken in
July 2011
13. Polyester Concrete Properties
Thermal coefficient of expansion – 14.6 x 10-6 deg C
Lower modulus equals less stress
Higher tensile and flexural strength
High abrasion resistance
Excellent bond strength (composite)
Very low permeability to water and chlorides
Fast setting – traffic in about 2 hours
16. Signature Projects
Polyester Polymer Concrete Overlays
San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, CA- 300,000 ADT
Richmond San Rafael Bridge, CA- 80,000 ADT
Benicia Martinez Bridge, CA – 100,000 ADT
Vincent Thomas Bridge, Long Beach, CA- 35,000 ADT
South Grand Island Bridge Buffalo, NY- 40,000 ADT
McCullough Memorial Bridge, Oregon- 20,000 ADT
17. Richmond-San Rafael Bridge
Extreme Coastal/Marine Environment
Built in 1956, 8.85 KM, Upper & Lower Decks – 3 Lanes on Each Deck
Left Lane - Grinded
Right Lane - Overlain by PPC
Middle Lane - Original, Damaged,
Potholed, patched
18. 1 KM long critical link, Niagara Falls
and Buffalo, NY was overlaid with
Polyester Concrete.
Completed: night and full weekend
closures
Largest polyester project to date on
East Coast
Tough winter weather conditions
Overlay applied to newly replaced
precast deck system to protect thin
100 mm concrete deck section
South Grand Island Bridge, NY
Extreme Winter Conditions
19. San Francisco - Oakland Bay Bridge
Extreme Coastal/Marine Environment
Built in 1936
Total Length = 7.18 km
Deck Surface overlaid with 25 mm Thick PPC
Total of 110,000 Square Meters
One of the busiest bridges in the US
300,000+ vehicles per day
5 lanes on the upper and lower deck
20. Polyester Concrete at Airports
Polyester Concrete has been used at airports across the
country for spall and concrete repairs:
—San Diego International Airport
—Southern CA Logistics Airport
—Marine Corps Air Station Pendleton
—Sacramento International Airport
—Niagara Falls Guard Station Airport
—Denver International Airport
—Dallas Fort Worth International Airport
—Los Angeles International Airport
—PPC 1121 - High Resistance to Jet Fuel/Aviation
Hydraulic Fluids
21. Skid Data
Marina Viaduct
Measured Skid Resistance in 1991
Friction Coefficient = 0.4
Measured Skid Resistance in 2010
Measured by Towed-Trailer Skid Test
Friction Coefficient = 0.4
22. Polyester Overlay Construction:
Step 1 (If Required): Remove/Grinding existing asphalt or concrete
overlay/coating by micro-milling
Step 2: Find & Repair spalls or unsound concrete
Step 3: Surface Preparation/Shotblasting
Step 4: Apply HMWM Resin Prime Coat
Step 5: Mix and Pave
Step 6: Finish, Tine, sprinkle dry sand, Open to Traffic!
23. Polyester Overlay Construction:
Step 1 (If Required): Remove existing asphalt or
concrete overlay/coating by micromilling
Construction Keys:
Use specialized equipment to
prevent damage to concrete deck
(Caltrans Micromill spec)
6mm tooth spacing
Hand removal near metal joints
Remove slurry seals, chip seals etc.
Potholing may be needed to
determine existing overlay thickness
24. Polyester Overlay Construction:
Step 2: Find & Repair spalls or unsound concrete
Construction Keys:
Sawcut edges square
Remove only unsound material
May be placed during overlay
Sandblast or shotblast, blow w/ air
25. Polyester Overlay Construction:
Step 3: Surface Preparation/Shotblasting
Construction Keys
The objective is a surface free of loose
material, laitance, previous coatings or
oils.
Utilize shotblasting machines
Reblast if too much primer applied in
previous shift
Remove traffic stripe or buttons prior
to shotblasting
Should be blown off with high pressure
air after shotblasting
26. Polyester Overlay Construction:
Step 4: Apply HMWM Resin Prime
Coat
Construction Keys:
Minimize puddling
Place overlay within 15 mins of placing
primer and/or before primer gels
Can be applied with sprayer or rollers
Paving equipment may drive on prime
coat
Deck surface temperature between 0 to
350C
Dry deck surface conditions
27. Polyester Overlay Construction:
Step 5: Mix and Pave
Construction Keys
Volumetric mixer ensures best product consistency
Paver should have grade control & should consolidate overlay
Polyester concrete should be thoroughly mixed and should be applied within 3-5
minutes of mixing
28. Polyester Overlay Construction:
Step 6: Finish, Tine, Apply Sand, Open to
Traffic!
Construction Keys:
Edges should be tapered, joints/ends may
require hand finishing
Expansion joints must be blocked out or
sawcut within 4 hours
Sand should be applied uniformly, with
additional sand for wet or glossy looking
areas
Tining should be applied by paving
machine or shortly after
Paving may be opened to traffic after
Schmidt hammer reading of 24 or greater
29. Polyester Concrete Spall Repair
Step 1:
Determine
limits, sawcut
rectangular
Step 2: Chip
and remove
unsound
concrete, prep
and blow clean
Step 3: Apply
HMWM prime
coat
Step 4: Place
and finish
polyester
concrete, apply
sand
30. Summary Polymer Concrete Overlay
30+ years of Proven performance.
Used in EXTREME CLIMATIC CONDITIONS with Altitude, Marine/Coastal,
Humid, Freeze-Thaw and Desert Environments
ELIMINATES almost 100% Maintenance Cost
High Strength – Flexural, Tensile, and Compressive Strength
100% Seals bridge deck surfaces against chloride intrusion, Extremely low
permeability to seal the deck
Superior adhesion, Exceptional Bond Strength
Placement temperature - 00 C to 350 C
Performance Temperature: -500 C to +500 C
Open to traffic quickly – in 2 hours
Provides high skid resistance
Thermal coefficient of expansion – compatible to PCC
Lower modulus and higher creep equals less stress
Excellent abrasion resistance – 16 Times Portland Cement Concrete
Thin composite - minimizing dead load/clearance issues
Improves ride quality and drainage
MULTIPLE USES APPLICATION – ONE MATERIAL
31. WHAT ABOUT THE COST?
OVER A LIFE OF 30 YEARS
Polyester Polymer
Concrete
Overlay (25 mm)
Conventional Overlay on
Concrete
(Typical 65-100mm)
Rs. 4,500/Sq. m. Rs. 60,000/Sq. m.
Rs. 1.25 Cr/Km Lane Length Rs. 21 Cr/Km Lane Length