Skill of reinforcement. Meaning of Skill of reinforcement, Nature of Skill of reinforcement, Definition of Skill of reinforcement, Merits of Skill of reinforcement, Components of Skill of reinforcement

1. Skill of
Reinforcement
By
Dr. I. Uma Maheswari
iuma_maheswari@yahoo.co.in

2. Meaning and Nature
It help students in increasing their rate of correct
responding.
It provides positive reinforcer at an appropriate
interval.
Reinforced responses tend to be repeated in
given situation.
It is a tool in the hands of the teacher to make
his teaching more productive.

3.  Used to secure attending of and to motivate the students for
learning.
 The behaviour of the student of responding correct is
reinforced.
 It is based on the principle of feedback.
 It involves more and more positive reinforcement.

4. Definition
An individual tends to repeat the pleasant
experiences and avoid the unpleasant ones
– Redomistic Principle.
Reinforcers
The stimuli that provides or contribute to
the pleasant experience are called positive
reinforcers, while the stimuli providing
unpleasant experiences can be termed as
negative reinforcers.

5. Merits
It develops self – confidence.
It motives students.
Inculcate active participation of the students.
Pleasant atmosphere will be created inside the
classroom.
Teaching – learning process will be lively.

6. Skill of Reinforcement
 Positive verbal reinforcement (PVR)
 Positive non-verbal reinforcement (PNVR)
 Negative verbal reinforcement (NVR)
 Negative non-verbal reinforcement (NNVR)

7. Positive verbal reinforcement
 “that’s good”, “right”, good, very good
 “yes”, “correct”, keep it up
 “fine”, “excellent”, marvellous,
 “splendid”, “well done”, Okay
 “I like what you are doing”, “continue”, fantastic
 “go-ahead with what you are saying”,
 “carry on”, etc

8. Positive non-verbal reinforcement
Non verbal expressions like
 nodding of head, smiling,
 moving towards the responding pupil,
 keeping eyes on the pupil,
 giving ears to the pupil indicating that attention is
being paid to the pupil’s words,
 writing the response of the pupil on the blackboard,
 any other nonverbal action indicating pleasure at the
pupil’s response.

9. Negative verbal reinforcement
Avoid discouraging expressions such as
 “I do not like what you are doing”,
 “Do something else”, “nonsense”, “you are not good”, “no”,
“wrong”, “incorrect”, “stop it”, “that’s not”, etc.,
 Discouraging cues and voice tones as “humph” in sarcastic
voice

10. Negative non-verbal
reinforcement
 Frowning,
 moving away from the responding pupil,
 keeping eyes on the pupil with discouraging looks,
 hard and disapproving stares,
 not looking at the responding pupil,
 tapping foot impatiently and walking around, etc.