IRJET- Automatic Vehicle Monitoring System based on Wireless Sensor Network

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4086
Automatic Vehicle Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Rajan Singh1, Deepshikha Agarwal2, Garima Srivastava3
1Research Scholar, Department of Computer science & Engineering, Amity University, Lucknow, India
2,3Assistant Professor, Department of Computer science & Engineering, Amity University, Lucknow, India
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Abstract - Under this paper we are doing literature
survey of automatic vehicle monitoring system based on
wireless sensor network. This paper suggests a continuous
Automatic Vehicle Monitoring framework for traveler’s road
transportation coming towards city of any country
dependent on remote sensor network (WSN). This service is
a real time publish middleware. Utilizing this middleware
methodology, we can find and track a large number of
portable vehicles and distinguish explorers. Contrasted and
the vehicle observing framework that actualizes the
administration in physical element measurement of street
traffic, this paper shows a vehicle checking framework
dependent on the Internet of Things or global position
system (GPS). Through the control of the vehicle in the
virtual data space. Under automatic vehicle monitoring we
can also tack weather forecast and environment in daily
routine and it is also use for monitoring and location
services for this huge gathering.
Key words: Wireless Sensor Network, Vehicle
Monitoring System, Intelligent Transport System,
VANET, Traffic Management Center.
1. INTRODUCTION
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) go for upgrading
move effectiveness & security using propelled data
preparing, interchanges, control, just for example
innovative electronic innovations. As we know that A key
to the accomplishment of the ITS is street government
observing. This errand has customarily been practiced by
brought together arrangements where a lot of information
were conducted, through exorbitant wired
correspondence foundations, after costly sensor gadgets to
a Traffic Management Center (TMC). Aside as of costs,
these frameworks must an essential disadvantage: the
correspondence defers they include creel the
improvement of utilizations which necessitate a brisk
reaction, for example, those proposed for traffic security.
So as to expand the reaction time a plan which empowers
in preparing is required. To the admiration Vehicular Ad
Hoc Networks (VANET) are the maximum utilized
arrangement . In a VANET, moving automobiles, just as
roadside foundation, progress toward becoming hubs of a
profoundly unique portable system that can scatter
pertinent data over long separations and team up to
drivers and clients improved dispersed vehicular
administrations. By the by, VANETs just screen street and
traffic conditions astutely, that is, the point at which a
automobile is adjacent, & their appropriate conduct is
adapted by quantity of vehicles going just as by the
entrance rate of such innovation into vehicles WSN, thus,
are an innovation which is by and large generally received
for information checking applications. They comprise of
medium to extensive systems of modest remote sensor
hubs equipped for detecting, preparing and circulating
data obtained from the earth through the synergistic
exertion of hubs. These properties make them appropriate
for ITS situations, since, from one viewpoint,
notwithstanding diminishing the expense of the sent
gadgets, its establishment costs likewise decline by making
wired foundation pointless. Then again they empower the
advancement of traffic wellbeing ongoing applications.
Furthermore they don't have the constraints referenced
for VANET and, accordingly, they might be utilized related
to them so as to moderate its restrictions, just as with
different advances, for example, cell systems, prompting
heterogeneous frameworks equipped for performing
extremely propelled capacities .as we can say that The
reason of this paper is to acquaint materialness of WSN
with ITS applications went for assorted purposes. Because
of space requirements just essential ideas are depicted, an
increasingly thorough portrayal including extra structure
concerns and progressively nitty gritty bibliographic data.
2. WSN-BASED ITS APPLICATIONS
Wireless sensor are profoundly impacted by the
impediment of their remote hubs, restricted in handling
influence and with rare vitality assets, which transform
control effectiveness in an absolute necessity. In the event
that they are utilized to create applications for ITS, new
confinements and openings emerge. This is because of
unsurprising portability of vehicles along streets and the
accessibility of extra assets in them. The previous
influences an extraordinary number of containing the
recognition and approximation of noteworthy highlights
from the vehicles, the position of hubs & structure of less
complex directing calculations. What's more it empowers
to create prescient and versatile applications which

similarly may find out about landing of a vehicle ahead of
time, adjusting their conduct before the entry, in this
manner permitting both power funds and precise activity.
Extra assets in streets, thusly, may give either intends to
control traffic stream, which supports in the dispersal of
the information accumulated by WSN. When all is said in
done, these outer assets encourage the improvement of
bunch of hubs, where all the more dominant gadgets are
the group heads responsible for less expensive and
increasingly compelled hubs, improving versatility,
accomplished by including more groups, and diminishing
generally speaking force utilization and expenses.
As we know that about The assignments performed by
these WSN-based ITS applications have 4 distinct
classifications (1) traffic security, (2) traffic rule
requirement, (3) traffic controller and (4) brilliant
stopping uses, being conceivable however not continuous
to discover . objective of road traffic security uses is to
avoid mishaps. They can caution car user about perilous
circumstances together with unfriendly natural conditions
or the nearness of person on foot, creatures or possibly
unsafe vehicles (quit, overwhelming or driving off course).
Contingent upon the idea of the checked information there
are normally 2 different methods of handling the execution
of the applications, albeit both could be consolidated in a
solitary use. In the primary methodology, upon the
location of a vehicle, an instrument which creates other
sent hubs screen the condition of street portions this
vehicle will go by is utilized.
This is helpful for recognizing exceptionally powerful
perils, for instance in surpassing help applications. Despite
what might be expected, the second methodology is
typically utilized for the observing of increasingly static
occasions. It comprises of, discovery of a given
circumstance, scattering data about it adjacent regions
with the goal that when some time later a vehicle arrives it
very well may be cautioned.
As we know about Traffic rule authorization uses created
with wireless network are not just planned to the
requirement of stream of traffic directions, for example,
speeding, unlawful leaving, experiencing red traffic lights,
unapproved utilization of transport paths or access to
limited or clog charge zones, yet in addition to
computerize the way toward detailing the infringement of
them. In addition, post-mishap examination can likewise
be practiced by investigating the information put away in
sensor hubs permitting to assess car owner driving style,
considering the street conditions right now of the mishap,
so as to decide obligations.
We can say that about Traffic controller applications
include individuals coordinating vehicles inside a street
organize. Wireless network are utilized to evaluate
condition of street, containing traffic thickness or mishaps
and needs be to decide ideal courses to a assumed goal or
control traffic fairy lights. The last are uses which by and
large require the sending of few hubs, one to discover the
quantity of landings to a cross-street and something like
two to assess the line dimension at a traffic light.
At last, brilliant stopping applications can exploit
observing abilities of WSN to supplant increasingly
expensive wired devices by remote device hubs that
screen each car parks spot in a parking garage. What's
more, if vehicles have the suitable gear, for example On-
Board Units for interchanges and gadgets for
representation, WSN are likewise an intriguing alternative
for on-road stopping applications, since they maintain a
strategic distance from the establishment avenues and its
related expenses.
3. ARCHITECTURE AND ROLES OF WSN-
BASED APPLICATION
As we know that about architecture role of WSN based
application dependent on WSN may not really be an
independent similar framework but instead it is very
continuous to discover heterogeneous frameworks where
diverse advancements are utilized for the reason ,
moreover, they help mitigating confinements from
different innovations. For instance, WSN have their
principle shortcoming in their obliged utilization of the
rare accessible vitality. In any case, there is a slight issue in
VANET. Despite what might be expected, accomplishing
high innovation infiltration rates in VANETs so as to
support execution isn't clear, yet the establishment of WSN
hubs on chose streets is an easier assignment. A blend of
both, along these lines, would empower that control
devouring undertakings, for example, scattering of
information depend on VANET hubs in the meantime WSN
hubs offer a perpetual observing of a given area, enabling
the framework to work legitimately (at any rate for the
prepared gadgets) regardless of whether the infiltration
rate of VANET is low. So as to take into consideration a
compelling circulation of undertakings among the utilized
innovations, four separated Fig. 1. The detecting
subsystem is made by every one of the gadgets responsible
for procuring important data in respect to street and traffic
state. In spite of the fact that it isn't compulsory, WSN
gadgets are ordinarily utilized for this errand,
masterminded as a piece of essential gathering of hubs
with various topologies. The Distribution subsystem is in
charge of trading data between various parts of the

framework, going from little scale circulation, between
various gatherings of hubs of the Detecting subsystem, to
massive balance dissemination to far off TMC where data
is handled. The Conclusion Making Subsystem, thus,
designs the fundamental activities so as to accomplish the
targets of the application. It doesn't restrain to brought
together TMC, yet in addition its capacities can be
performed by the WSN hubs themselves or different
gadgets, for example, cell phones. At last, the Performance
subsystem is the performs activities that cultivate
variations in the rush hour gridlock stream. It is included
diverse gadgets that give visual or acoustic improvements,
either set on the streets or inside the vehicles, for example,
cell phones or In-Vehicle Infotainment.
Fig 1. Situation design for WSN-based ITS uses (left) and
descriptive application for traffic observing in a multi-path
street (right)[6].
Genuine design of an ITS use fluctuate from solo layered
models where WSN gadgets play out every one of the
errands of the framework, to multi-layered structures, in
which every level of gadgets represents considerable
authority in the undertakings of single or a few systems as
will be appeared in the following passages.
4. ROLE OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
The essential utilization of WSN, as expressed already, is to
offer changeless and modest checking of a specified area.
They can identify vehicle nearness by methods for various
sensors, basically AMR sensors. They additionally can
screen the condition of the street (snow, H2O, brightening,
and so on.) just as the nearness of person on foot or
creatures by utilizing hardware, for example, infrared,
stickiness or bright radars just as other progressively
difficult sensors. Moreover WSN sensor hubs can be
utilized for grouping and re-distinguishing proof of
vehicles. Arrangement is very helpful for making
measurements of use as per various types of vehicles. Re
distinguishing proof, thusly, empowers following a specific
vehicle in various areas of a street arrange, accordingly,
having the capacity to acquire data about movement ways,
travel times and beginning/goal requests. WSN can
likewise be utilized as a piece of the Sharing subsystem for
little scale proliferation of information. This incorporates
information dispersal between close-by zones just as
transportation of information towards passages with other
system advances, for example, VANET or cell systems,
which are most appropriate for, separately, average and
extensive scale moving of information. The utilization of
WSN along these lines into the Sharing framework
regularly includes the arrangement of bunch of hubs
where just the group heads take an interest in the
transportation of data and now and again make utilization
of extra power bases. Furthermore WSN hubs can likewise
assume another diverse job in the Sharing subsystem as a
supplement for VANET as clarified in the following area.
5. THE ROLE OF VANET
Automobiles are great contender to disperse data, since
there are a vitality devouring undertaking, and they do not
have vitality requirements as WSN, in this way lightening
them from this weight. VANET, aside from their run of the
mill usefulness, can likewise be utilized to proliferate data
assembled by WSN. This data might be devoured by
different vehicles yet in addition can be put away in
inaccessible and detached by methods for a convey and
onward system.
Similarly VANET can benefit from outside assistance by
WSN so as to accomplish the inverse: the interconnection
of isolated VANET utilizing a store and onward strategy. it
is critical for the correct activity of VANET since it helps in
tackling the issues brought about by low entrance rates,
for example, consuming VANET part into various secluded
parcels or consuming just irregular interchanges with
different gadgets.

6. THE CONSUMPTION OF DATA
Adapted by compositional choices made, information
might be introduced in various approaches to the
completion client, for example only utilize static WSN hubs
that don't interface with different systems, VMS and other
useful boards are the ordinary decision. Communication
with different systems and the utilization of extra gear
empower an in-vehicle introduction of data, which thusly
may offer modified data for each vehicle. For instance,
association with cell systems permits utilizing cell phones.
So also if VANET innovation is utilized, the in-vehicle
gadgets utilized by might be reused. For this situation, this
forces a structure choice on the most proficient method
which can occur by methods for a passage gadget found
either at the roadside or at vehicles, every alternative with
its very own points of interest and disadvantages. At last,
there is the alternative of not utilizing a passage and
straightforwardly imparting automobiles and stationary
hubs with WSN innovation. This is an attainable option if
vehicles are given the proper hardware. In any case, it has
a few detriments identified with the conventions
commonly utilized in WSN which don't work appropriately
at extraordinary vehicle speeds and might restrict its
selection in quick streets, for example, interstates.
7. OPEN ISSUES
As we know that about open issues of this scenario. Given
this WSN have just been connected to ITS amid the most
recent couple years. One precedent are organize safety
issues, once in a while handled in existing works, and for
which vitality proficient arrangements just as
recommendations bearing in mind the correspondence
with vehicles are required.
Additional dynamic research zone canister be found in the
discovery of vehicles by wireless sensors network. This
undertaking is for the most part achieved by AMR sensors,
however as of late different sensors, for example,
accelerometers have indicated auspicious outcomes that
possibly will prompt better-quality functional in
applications. Be that as it may, its use forces extra
application structure contemplations so as to keep up low
power utilization. There is likewise a need to grow new
correspondence conventions custom fitted to ITS
situations qualities, in spite of the fact that there are a few
commitments to that sees as appeared in . As a rule they
have to lighten the impacts of the issues found in ITS and
endeavor its quirks which offer potential points of interest
(for example unsurprising development of vehicles). A
portion of the issues to manage are connected with flag
transmission, since so as to shield sensor hubs arranged in
paths from genuine worries in relationship of quick
portable hubs to an ace hub just as with its
synchronization. More elevated amount conventions,
thusly, must consider the short accessible time for the
communication of information, notwithstanding thinking
about how conceivable it is that the assignment of transfer
information be designated to different hubs in system.
8. CONCLUSION
Under this paper we are doing literature survey of
automatic vehicle monitoring system based on wireless
sensor network. As we know that automated vehicle
system are uses with global position system for best route
of driving and controlling of vehicle and tracking of
gathering places and also track traffic area . about
automatic vehicle system based on wireless sensor
network WSN are an innovation which are assume an
essential job in ITS specific situation. They empower the
improvement of uses for various resolutions. Traffic
controlling, traffic law authorization, traffic control and
shrewd stopping. Wireless sensor network for intelligent
transport system can be a key part in the obtaining of
information identified with the street conditions and the
traffic state and can coordinate by numerous different
advances, for example, VANET, alleviating some critical
issues that hamper its appropriation and empowering the
improvement of further developed applications.
REFERENCES
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“Web information system for transport telematics
and fleet management,” the 9th International
Conference on Telecommunication in Modern
Satellite, Cable, and Broadcasting Services,
(TELSIKS '09), pp. 314–317.
2. Rybicki J, Scheuermann B, Kiess W, Lochert C,
Fallahi P, Mauve M (2007) “Challenge: Peers on
Wheels – A Road to New Traffic Information
Systems,” the 13th annual ACM international
conference on Mobile computing and networking -
MobiCom ’07, pp. 215-221.
3. Sibley GT, Rahimi MH, Sukhatme GS (2002)
“Robomote: a tiny mobile robot platform for large-
scale ad-hoc sensor networks,”IEEE International
Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA
'02) 2:1143–1148.
4. Herms A, Schulze M, Kaiser J, Nett E (2008)
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wireless mesh networks for industrial scenarios,”
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Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA
2008, pp. 648–655.
5. Grossmann, M. Bauer, M.Honle, N. Kappeler, U.-P,
Nicklas, Daniela, Schwarz, T(2005)., "Efficiently
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on Pervasive Computing and Communications,
2005.
6. F. Losilla, A.J. García-Sánchez, F.J. García-Sánchez,
J. García-Haro, Z.J. Haas: A comprehensive
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