This document proposes a system to detect motorcycle accidents using sensors like crash sensors and tilt sensors, then send alert messages to emergency contacts and a control center using GPS, GSM, and Zigbee wireless technology. The system would stop the motorcycle engine automatically in a crash. It would also send crash information to other nearby vehicles using Zigbee. Simulation and hardware results showed the feasibility of the system to quickly detect accidents and alert authorities. The system aims to reduce response times and save lives compared to relying solely on human reporting of crashes.

1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 947
ACCIDENT DETECTION AND VEHICLE SAFETY USING ZIGBEE
M.S. Janakiramkumaar1, A. Manavalan2, S. Rajarajan3, R.Premalatha4
1,2,3 Student, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, JEPPIAAR SRR Engineering College, Chennai, TN.
4Assistant professor, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, JEPPIAAR SRR Engineering College, Chennai, TN.
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Abstract - The motorcycle accident is a major public
problem in many countries. Despite awareness campaign,this
problem is still increasing due to rider's poorbehaviorssuchas
speed driving, drunk driving, riding with no helmetprotection,
riding without sufficient sleep, etc. The numbers of death and
disability are very high because of late assistance to people
who got the accident. These cause huge social and economic
burdens to people involved. Therefore, several research group
and major motorcycle manufacturers including have
developed safety devices to protect riders from accidental
injuries. However, good safety device for motorcycleisdifficult
to implement and very expensive.
Key Words: PIC16F877a, Crash sensor, Ultrasonic sensor,
LCD, Zigbee, GSM.
1. INTRODUCTION
The immediate effect of this situation is the dramatic
increase of traffic accidents on the road, representing a
serious problem in most countries. As an example, 2,478
people died in Spanish roads in 2010, and 34,500 people in
the whole European Union died in2009. To reduce the
number of road fatalities, vehicular Networks will play an
increasing role in the Intelligent Transportation Systems
(ITS) area. The integration of sensor capabilities on-board
of vehicles, along with peer-to-peer mobile communication
among vehicles, forecast significant improvements in terms
of safety in the near future. Its applications such as road
safety, fleet management, and navigation, will rely on data
exchanged between the vehicle and the roadside
infrastructure (V2I).
2. EXISTING SYSTEM
There are no Sensor networks available to detect and
rescue the accident. Cannot track the vehicle.
2.1 DRAWBACKS IN EXISTING SYSTEMS
More time consumption. Automatic alert is not possible.
Possibilities for traffic collision
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
WSN are used to find the severity of accident. Renewable
energy sources are used to charge the battery.
3.1 BLOCK DIGRAM
FIG 1:Block diagram of proposed system
Fig 2: Other Car Section
3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
FIG :3 Circuit diagram of proposed system.

2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 948
3.3EXPLANATION
To attain our proposed system need to use crash sensor, tilt
sensor, GPS, GSM, Zigbee, solar panel, buzzer, battery, LCD.
Crash sensor is used to find the accident. Tilt sensor is used
to estimate the severity of accident. If accident is findittakes
the coordination from GPS and send to the care center and
also relatives with help of GSM and Zigbee. Accident occurs
vehicle motor will stop automatically. On road section
consist of Zigbee, LCD, buzzer, solar panel, battery.
Generated power is stored in the battery. Received values
are displayed in the LCD and buzzer will give intimation to
the nearest people. Accident information will sent to the
other vehicle through Zigbee device using ad-hoc method.
3.4 ADVANTAGES
Easy implementation. Reliable and efficient. Low cost and
simple design.
4. SIMUATION
4.1 SIMULATION RESULTS
FIG: 4 SIMULATION OUTPUT
5. HARDWARE:
5.1 PIC16f877a
FIG: 5 PIC16f877a
The PIC16F877A features 256 bytes of EEPROM data
memory, self programming, an ICD, 2 Comparators, 8
channels of 10-bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter, 2
capture/compare/PWM functions, the synchronous
serial port can be configured as either 3-wire Serial
Peripheral Interface (SPI™) or the 2-wire Inter-
Integrated Circuit (I²C™) bus and a Universal
Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART). All of
these featuresmake it ideal for moreadvancedlevelA/D
applications in automotive, industrial, appliances and
consumer applications.
5.2 LCD
FIG:6 LCD Display
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display
module and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD
display is very basic module and is very commonly used in
various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred
over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The
reasons being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable;
have no limitation of displaying special & even custom
characters (unlikein seven segments), animations andsoon.
5.3 GSM modem
FIG:7 GSM MODEM
A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM
wireless network. A wireless modem behaves like a dial-up
modem. The main difference between them is that a dial-up
modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone
line while a wireless modem sends and receives data
through radio waves. The working of GSM modem is based

3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 949
on commands, the commands always start with AT (which
means Attention) and finish with a <CR> character. For
example, the dialing command is ATD<number>;
ATD3314629080; here the dialing command ends with
semicolon.
5.4 GPS
FIG:8 GPS.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a U.S.
space-based global navigation satellite system. It provides
reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to
worldwide users on a continuous basis in all weather, day
and night, anywhere on or near the Earth. GPS is made up of
three parts: between 24 and 32 satellites orbiting the Earth,
four control and monitoring stations on Earth, and the
GPS receivers owned by users. GPS satellites broadcast
signals from space that are used by GPS receiversto provide
three-dimensional location (latitude,longitude,andaltitude)
plus the time.
5.4 ZIGBEE
Fig 9 ZIGBEE
ZigBee is a wireless technology developed as an
open global standard to address the unique needs of low-
cost, low-power, wireless sensor networks. The standard
takes full advantage of the IEEE 802.15.4 physical radio
specification and operatesin unlicensed bandsworldwideat
the following frequencies: 2.400–2.484 GHz, 902-928 MHz
and 868.0–868.6 MHz.
6. CONCLUSION
The new communication technologies integrated into the
automotivesector offer an opportunity for better assistance
to people injured in traffic accidents, reducing the response
time of emergency services, and increasing the information
they have about the incident just before starting the rescue
process. To this end, we designed and implemented a
prototype for automatic accident notification and assistance
based on V2V and V2I communications. The studied
classification algorithms do not show remarkable
differences, but we demonstrate that, if we are able to
classify the accidents depending on the types of impacts, we
can noticeably increase the accuracy of the system,
especially for front crashes where the vehicle is usually the
striking one. To this end, we developed a prototype that
shows how inter vehicle communications can make
accessible the information about the different vehicles
involved in an accident. Moreover, the positive results
achieved on the real tests indicates that the accident
detection and severity estimation algorithms are robust
enough to allow a massdeployment of the proposed system.
REFERENCES
[1] Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT). (2013). The Main
Statistics of Road Accidents Spain [Online]. Available:
http://www.dgt.es/portal/es/seguridad_vial/estadistica
[2] Eurostat: Statistical Office oftheEuropeanCommunities.
(2014) Transport Statisticsin the EU [Online].Available:
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/tr
ansport/ data/main_tables
[3] J. Miller, “Vehicle-to-vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2V2I)
intelligent transportation system architecture,” in Proc.
IEEE Intell. Veh. Symp., Eindhoven, Netherlands, Jun.
2013, pp. 715–720.
[4] F. Martinez, C.-K. Toh, J.-C. Cano, C. Calafate, and P.
Manzoni, “Emergency services in future intelligent
transportation systems based on vehicular
communication networks,” IEEE Intell. Transp. Syst.
Mag., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 6–20, Oct. 2015.
[5] M. Fogue et al., “Prototyping an automatic notification
scheme for traffic accidents in vehicular networks,” in
Proc. 4th IFIP WD, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada, Oct. 2015.

4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 950
BIOGRAPHIES
M.S.JANAKIRAMKUMAAR
Student,
EEE,
JEPPIAAR SRR Engineering College.
A.MANAVALAN
Student,
EEE,
JEPPIAAR SRR Engineering College.
S.RAJARAJAN
Student,
EEE,
JEPPIAAR SRR Engineering College.
Dr. R. PREMALATHA M.E (Ph.D)
Assistant Professor,
EEE Department,
JEPPIAAR SRR EngineeringCollege.