Traffic signal control management based on integrating GIS and WSN technology

Smt. Kashibai Navale College Of Engineering,Pune
SEMINAR ON
Traffic Light Control withWireless Sensor Networks
GUIDED BYPRESENTED BY
Krushna Kotgire
TE-Div5 533 (314)
Department of Computer Engg.
Traffic Light Control with Wireless Sensor
Networks
Prof. V. V. Jog
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 Traffic is the biggest problem in the cities. The main cause of this
traffic is number of vehicles on roads are increasing day by day but
infrastructure is not capable of handling them properly.
 Using latest technologies (GIS and ITS) traffic problem can be
resolved easily.
 Proper use of traffic signal can lead toward traffic management.
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 The world’s very first traffic light
invented by J. P. Knight installed in
London’s House of Commons, which was
on the intersection of George and Bridge
Street, in 1868.
 In 1914 The American Traffic Signal
Company installed red and green traffic
light on every corner of the intersection
of 105th street and
 In 1918 three color signal oprated
manually from a tower in the middle f
street.
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22 fit

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Traffic control signal-
(a) Fixed time signal
reduces unnecessary delay , low cost , currently used,
downtown area
(b) Manually operated signal
(c) Traffic actuated signal
delay problem occur,
Pedestrian signal (Zebra Crossing)
Special traffic signal

 The three-aspect standard is also used at lock on the upper
Mississippi River.
 Red means that another vessel is passing through.(STOP)
 Yellow means that the lock chamber is being emptied or filled to
match the level of the approaching vessel. (READY TO GO)
 After the gate opens, green means that the vessel may enter.(GO)
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Ref. No. Survey…
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Wireless Sensor Networks deployed along a road can be utilized to control the traffic
load on roads and at traffic intersections.
2 Sensor is used to transmit signal that has been installed in every emergency vehicle to
the receiver which has been placed at every traffic light intersection. When
emergency vehicle reach at the traffic light intersection, the signal code will be sent
information of frequency modulation to the receiver. The receiver demodulates the
received code and the red traffic light will trigger at all the junctions.
Truth Table When the Yellow Light of Traffic Light 1 Is On
Traffic
Light
Red Yellow Green
1 0 1 0
2 1 0 0
3 1 0 0
4 1 0 0
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Ref. No. Survey…
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Truth Table for Emergency Mode
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A real-time computer vision system for measuring traffic parameters, Image analysis
and rule-based reasoning for a traffic . Image tracking of moving vehicles can give us
quantitative description of traffic flow. Here we are using edge detection method for
image matching.
Traffic
Light
Red Yellow Green
1 0 0 1
2 1 0 0
3 1 0 0
4 1 0 0
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Ref. No. Survey…
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These sensors detect vehicles’ number, speed, etc. and send their data to the nearest
Intersection Control Agent (ICA) which, determines the flow model of the intersection
depending on sensors’ data (e.g., number of vehicles approaching a specific
intersection).
Each traffic light controlled intersection has an intersection control agent that collects
information from the sensor nodes. An intersection control agent manages its
intersection by controlling its traffic lights
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Ref. No. Survey..
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It proposes a solution to the traffic signal management problem using combined
techniques that combines both GIS information with WSN based techniques. This
combination provide appropriate techniques and tools that will enhance the
capabilities of traffic jam prevention, early detection, efficient surveillance, efficient
spread control, and fast termination of possible hazards.
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Car Status No. of car
Created 17
Waiting to enter 0
In Simulator 5
Exit From simulator 12
Number of cars in simulation and
their status
Time Value (Seconds)
Move [s] 18.0725 (98.9558 %)
stopped [s] 0.26333 (1.0442 %)
stopped per car s/car] 0.021944
stopped per dist. s/m] 0.0016471
Time status in the simulator

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Velocity Time Value (Seconds)
vel < 10Km/h [s] 2.5283 (13.3724 %)
vel < 20Km/h [s] 7.1333 (38.7197 %)
vel < 30Km/h [s] 9.205 (49.9445 %)
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Velocities times in the simulator

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 A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for
capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions
on Earth's surface. GIS can show many different kinds of data on one
map. This enables people to more easily see, analyse, and understand
patterns and relationships.
 GIS is about mapping, spatial indexing, spatial operators,
geocoding and routing technology.
 The Goal of the GIS is to graphically represent studied area in a
map form. One property of GIS is that it can display studied items in
the form of layers .This is a common method to represent terrain
features such as mountains, water and even buildings.
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 GIS techniques is divided into the following rules:
(Storage, Analysis, Reporting of data sets and integrating various
databases related to the study area)

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GIS Plays Significant Role In Each Field Of Traffic Management.
Some Of These Fields Are ………..
 Providing Alternate Routes To Road Users.
 Providing Necessary Information To Passengers.
 For Proper Signal Control.
 Minimizing Accidents.
 Reduction Of Congestion Spots.

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Data Capture
Data sources are mainly obtained from manual digitization and
scanning of aerial photographs, paper maps, and existing digital
data sets.
Database Management and Update
data security, data integrity, and data storage and retrieval, and
data maintenance abilities
Geographic Analysis
The collected information is analyzed and interpreted
qualitatively and quantitatively.
 Preparing Result
One of the most exciting aspects of GIS technology is the variety
of different ways in which the information can be presented.

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 Load Pedestrian-vehicle Crash Data And Segregate The Data At
Each Location
 Compute A Severity Index At Each Location.
 Examine The Spatial Patterns Of The Pedestrian-vehicle Crash
Data.
 Create A Pedestrian-vehicle Crash Hot Spots Map.
 Load The Bus Stop Data And Identify Bus Stops In Hot Spots
Areas.
 Compute Severity Indices And Rank Unsafe Bus Stops.

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 GIS allows us to view, understand, and visualize data in many
ways that reveal relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of
maps, globes, reports, and charts.
 A GIS helps you answer questions and solve problems by looking
at your data in a way that is quickly understood and easily shared.
 GIS give the accurate Data.
 Better Predictions and Analysis.
 GIS technology can be integrated into any enterprise information
system frame-
work.

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 Excessive damage in case of internal fault. Long outage periods as
Repair of damaged part at site may be difficult.
 Expensive software.
 Integration with traditional map is difficult.

 There are various different method to avoid the traffic, these are-
 Wireless Sensor Networks deployed along a road can be utilized to
control the traffic load on roads and at traffic intersections.
 Sensors are deployed on either side of roads at intersection points
and in emergency vehicles respectively.
 These sensors run on both solar energy as well as battery. During
bright and sunny conditions these sensors have the capability to draw
solar energy from sun light and use battery power for functioning
during night and cloud and foggy condition.
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HARDWARE TOOLS:
1. POWER SUPPLY
2. ARDUINO UNO
3. IR SENSORS
4. VIBRATION SENSOR
5. LCD
6. ZIGBEE
7. GSM
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 Sensor is used to transmit signal that has been installed in every
emergency vehicle to the receiver which has been placed at every
traffic light intersection.
 When emergency vehicle reach at the traffic light intersection, the
signal code will be sent information of frequency modulation to the
receiver.
 The receiver demodulates the received code and the red traffic
light will trigger at all the junctions. Thus, emergency vehicle will have
special route from other vehicle to reach the destination.
 The emergency vehicle also may take control of traffic light at an
intersection.
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 A transmitter placed on an emergency vehicle transmits a signal to
the receivers positioned at the traffic lights whenever it is on
emergency mode.
 The received signal is then processed by a master controller which
in turn pre-empts the sequence of the traffic light to control the traffic
flow at the intersection which taken by the emergency vehicle.
 The master controller also provides an output which display signs
to indicate that there is an emergency vehicle to the other road users
from other direction at the traffic light intersection.
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In addition to qualitative description of road congestion, image
measurement can
provide quantitative description of traffic status including speeds,
vehicle counts, etc.
Following are the steps involved
 Image acquisition
 RGB to gray conversion
 Image enhancement
 Image matching using edge detection
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Thediscussion states that this system will allow the authorities
for traffic routing. There are many benefits behind this system.
Since recent technology provides powerful platform upon which
other services can operate in terms of results. The integration of
GIS &WSN techniques for traffic signals management shows great
promise to solve the problems of “Traffic Signals Management” by
changing from ordinary control of it that is based on (queue
length and wait time) to more smart control that is based on
existing of vehicles at intersections.

 1) K. Swathi , V. Sivanagaraju , A.K.S. Manikanta , S. Dileep Kumar , “ Traffic
Density Control and Accident Indicator Using WSN ” , IJMTST 2016.
 2) N. M. Z. Hashim, A. S. Jaafar, N. A. Ali, L. Salahuddin, N. R. Mohamad , M. A.
Ibrahim , “Traffic Light Control System for Emergency Vehicles Using Radio
Frequency”, IOSRJEN 2013.
 3) Ms. PALLAVI CHOUDEKAR ,Ms. SAYANTI BANERJEE ,Prof. M. K. MUJU , “REAL
TIME TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL USING IMAGE PROCESSING.”, IJCSE 2014.
 4) Malik Tubaishat, Yi Shang , Hongchi Shi , “Adaptive Traffic Light Control with
Wireless Sensor Networks.”, IEEE 2007.
 5) Ahmed S.Elmotelb,Bahaa T. Shabana,A. S.Tolba ,” A Simulated System for
Traffic Signal ManagementBased on Integrating GIS & WSN Techniques”, IJECCE 2016.
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Traffic signal control management based on integrating GIS and WSN technology

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