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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2880
A Review on Fish Farm Aquaculture Monitoring & Controlling System
Ujwala T S1, Sunita G Devareddy2, Yamuna S3, Vandana S4
1,2,3,4Electronics & Communication Engineering, Atria Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
-------------------------------------------------------------------------***-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract—This paper is a review on aquaculture monitoring
and controlling system using various approaches. Water is
getting polluted due to use of pesticides & fertilizers,
industrialization, urban development, etc. Aquaculture is the
farming of fish, aquatic plants, molluscs, algae & other
organisms. It involves cultivating fresh and salt water
population under controlled condition. Farming involves
rearing process to enhance production, like feeding,
protection from predators, regular stocking and so on. Due to
the under development of economy in wild fisheries & over
exploitation of marine species with the demand for high
quality protein, encouraged aqua culturist to domesticate
marine species. As the over fishing at oceans and other
natural resources is increasing continuously every year, the
oceans provide the demand for sea food naturally. To fill the
gap of this sea food supply, aquaculture is the main tool.
Index Terms—Aquaculture monitoring, Fish farming,
Temperature, Turbidity, conductivity.
1. INTRODUCTION
QUACULTURE is one of the most emerging field because the
demand for sea food is increasing all over the world. Of the
several sea foods the most wanted food is fish because of its
health benefits. Fish farming has a huge impact on any
country’s economy as the demand for fish is increasing.
However, many countries need to import fish, as the
production does not meet the total consumption. For
example, in Ghana, half of the countries demand does not
meet though there is combination of annual supply of fish
from aquaculture and capture. Aquaculture has become of
crucial importance in relation to the development of fisheries
sector in many of the countries in the world today because of
the shortage in supply as it is expected to increase with
limited prospects. Management of fisheries relies on the
monitoring of water quality as fish diseases are very common
and have a direct impact on the harvesting yield [6].
Protected location for farming could be suitable for reducing
environmental effects and production. More stable water flow
can be featured by such areas which leads to stable culture
condition & dispersal of waste [15]. Since water is a
prerequisite for fish, quality of water must be monitored and
controlled continuously. One of the mistakes made by the
aqua farmers is over feeding, as the uneaten food which
remains can pollute the water. The significant parameters
such as pH level dissolved oxygen, water level, ammonia
content & temperature in the tank should be continuously
monitored in order to avoid undesirable condition for
farming [2]. Since fish are cold blooded animals, optimum
temperature should be maintained and controlled in proper
range. Enough oxygen is required for the fish for proper
metabolism else they reside at the surface to catch up oxygen
resulting in slower metabolism and eventually die due to lack
of oxygen. The dissolved oxygen should be more than 5ppm
always, pH value should be between 7 and 8.5 for their
biological productivity ideally.
In India, aquaculture has become one of the growing sectors.
It contributes about 1.07% of the GDP. According to a
estimation, the fish requirement by 2025 would be in order of
16 million tons. Natural fisheries have exhausted by over
fishing due to which commercial aquaculture came into
existence. Because of the sudden climatic changes,
fluctuations in water quality parameters occur posing
problem for commercial aquaculture.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
[1]. In this paper an outline for monitoring of water quality
for aquaculture is used using Arduino, Raspberry pi and
various sensors, android application and smartphone camera.
The parameters for water quality used in this paper are pH,
color, temperature and electrical conductivity. The sensor
acquisition is performed by Raspberry pi and Arduino which
is used as server and data processing device. To detect the
color of the water photo acquisition is conducted using
Raspberry pi with the help of smartphone camera. Any user
can check the water condition using an android application
through Wi-Fi within Wi-Fi threshold range and internet from
anywhere in the world. To check the water condition some
analysis is performed with these four parameters and
necessary action can also be taken.
[2]. An IoT based smart water quality monitoring system is
implemented that helps in continuous water condition
monitoring based on four physical parameters: temperature,
turbidity, electric conductivity & pH properties. Arduino Uno
is connected with four sensors separately to find the water
parameters. The acquired data is transmitted to a application
developed using .NET platform and it is compared with the
standard values of WHO (World Health Organization). The
water parameters can be analyzed based on the measured
parameters to determine if the water sample is fir for
drinking.
A
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2881
[3]. The author has proposed usage of an IoT system for
monitoring and controlling the water parameters. The system
detects and controls ammonia, water level, pH value, foul
smell, temperature, dissolved oxygen in the water. The real
time data is collected from the sensor nodes and sent to
Arduino for processing. The processor activates the
corresponding controller to take necessary action when the
parameters exceed the threshold. These values are also sent
to the cloud using Wi-Fi and can be accessed in the control
room. These values in the form of short messages are sent
through GSM modem to the concerned person. This system is
compatible and can be used for any type of aquaculture
system.
[4]. This system gives a low range, low cost, low power and
scalable approach for water quality monitoring using LoRa
module with the help of LoRaWAN protocol which uses Low
Power Wide Area Network technology (LPWAN). The system
has wireless LoRa module for sending and receiving sensor
values, adding sensors to the microcontroller and ThingSpeak
IoT platform for testing and visualizing water quality sensor
values.
[5]. Water quality is monitored using IoT based design is
proposed in this paper. The power required by the sensors is
provided using solar energy. This system is designed using
Arduino Mega 2560 to measure turbidity and pH level using
sensors. Data gathered from these sensors are sent to the
cloud by means of Wi-Fi module. The collected information is
analyzed further and is shown in visual format on LCD &
displayed using Thingspeak which is a cloud server. This
system can be monitored from anywhere in the World using
internet and also implemented to the overhead and roof top
tank.
[6]. The system consists of electrical, mechanical and
communication components which are integrated with IoT
(Internet of Things). The electrical part consists of a pi
camera, which provides real time video data collection of the
fish and interface with a Raspberry Pi B+ module. A stepper
motor is controlled using Raspberry Pi, B+ via web interface
are the mechanical parts used for food dispensing purpose.
The two modes that can be used for feeding are: (1) Pre-
scheduled feeding by the care taker, (2) manual feeding by
the web interface. In scheduled feeding, the schedule must be
fixed in the webpage while in manual feeding, fish must be
fed by the user using web interface.
[7]. This paper explains the development of a prototype
which is located in Kumah farms in Kumasi, Ghana. The main
aim here was to give access to water quality measurements at
low cost as fish farmers may not have enough budget to
invest into commercial water measurement sensors as such
farmers are only aware of actions to be taken on their ponds
using traditional methods.
[8]. A smart fish farm of a remote control and monitoring
system is developed by using IoT technology. The system
senses and monitors several sensors such as temperature,
water level, pH, oxygen level. Also, a closed loop water
control of the aquarium is controlled by a microcontroller
and supported by Message Queue Telemetry Transport
(MQTT) protocol on the website application or mobile
application.
[9]. The author has used machine learning, IoT and cloud
computing technologies to monitor water quality at low cost
which also replaces the traditional way of water quality
monitoring. The model is capable of controlling the
temperature of water and modify itself to adjust to the
temperature of environment.
[10]. A design is proposed for water quality monitoring
system for crab farming based on IoT which gives awareness
to farmers for maintaining threshold levels of water quality in
the pond. The system makes use of light weight Message
Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol and LoRa
based wireless sensor network for exchanging messages
between mobile devices, sensors & embedded devices. The
system mainly includes Raspberry Pi MQTT broker, sensor
node as publisher and mobile client devices as subscribers.
Sensor nodes are built using LoRa wireless interface, small
embedded devices and water quality sensors like pH sensor,
temperature sensor and salinity sensor. Also, a web based
monitoring application using node-red dashboard for
acquiring water quality parameters remotely is built.
[11]. In this paper fish talk system uses sensors to drive
actuators in real time for aquarium. The relationship between
actuators and sensors are described, the solid examples
above threshold settings are given. The system allows the
designer to adapt smart control for various conditions of
water. An intelligent fish feeding mechanism is implemented
for the fish as they may be either under fed or over fed. Also,
an simulated analytic model and measurement experiments
are developed to investigate the causes of loss on water
control condition and IoT message delays.
[12]. A big data platform and open IoT is presented here to
accelerate changes in rural Africa. The technology is not
limited only for the rural cases. It is designed for any
application of IoT. This platform allows applications of IoT to
be coupled with big data capacities. Besides, the platform can
adapt to the constraints and specific requirements of African
users. This paper gives an overview of big data platform and
IoT, details its technical aspects and finally introduce three
cases to prove the platform architecture validity.
[13]. The proposed paper focuses mainly on monitoring of
water quality parameters constantly from time to time, in
order to take preventive measures. The architecture consists
of four modules (1). Power module which comprises of
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2882
charge controller, DC-DC converter, battery and solar panel.
(2). Sensor module consists of sensors like ammonia,
temperature, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, pH and carbonates.
(3). Microcontroller module has a processor. Raspberry Pi3 is
used as a computer due to its low cost application. (4). Output
module requires the mobile of an aquafarmer which is taken
as an output module in which an application has been
installed that mainly consists of two buttons i.e., get data and
history buttons.
[14]. The system implements an embedded system for
monitoring and controlling environmental parameters with
the help of sensors and actuators. Different types of sensors
are integrated in the cultivation field all of which are
connected to a common microcontroller board which is built
on a Arduino Uno board. The real time sensor values which
are monitored using microcontroller are shared to a data
logging system which is implemented on a Raspberry Pi. The
SD card of Raspberry Pi are logged with real time sensor
values. Actuators like aerator and pump will be turned off and
on automatically with the threshold value of different
parameters by the Raspberry Pi. Using IoT the farmers can
also control aerators and pumps. Information can be collected
from a weather forecasting website based on real time
temperature and humidity and if any abnormality is observed
in environmental parameters the system will notify an alert
SMS through a web service app called Twilio to the farmer.
The development of such system will increase the yield in
paddy field which helps the farmer to harvest in a better
environmental condition.
[15]. The monitoring of water quality is designed and
implemented using Raspberry pi3 and this device monitors
the quality of water for aquaculture which uses oxygenation
in the form of micro bubble. Some water quality parameters
that are used in the monitoring are temperature, acidity (pH)
and dissolved oxygen (DO). Data processing device use
python program and Raspberry Pi3 to create the program
viewer and acquisition program of a sensor. The test is
performed in two stages: (1). Device monitoring performance
(2). Sensors reading stability. The testing device monitoring
is conducted in aquariums using microbubble aeration and
testing sensor ability is conducted in the laboratory. Micro
bubble aeration is used to implement eel aquaculture. The
features used in this device monitoring can function smoothly
and properly.
[16]. The farming of Atlantic salmon in open area throws
unique challenge to structures, equipment and operation due
to severe wave, irregular wind, sheer remoteness and current
conditions. Six target areas of technological innovations will
enable reliable and safe exposed operations of aquaculture.
(1). Monitoring and operational decision support. (2). Vessel
design for exposed operations. (3). Fish behaviour and
welfare. (4). Autonomous systems and technologies for
remote operations. (5). Structures for locations exposed. (6).
Risk and safety management.
[17]. In this paper artificial neural network is used to develop
a model for the growing status of aquaculture. Many water
quality parameters are affected by growing state model,
which is developed in this work and by using artificial neural
network technology that can solve congestion problem in an
expert system. This method is proven effective from the
experimental results obtained.
3. HARDWARE
Temperature Sensor
The most important physical analysis of water quality is
measurement of temperature. It effects the quantity of
oxygen dissolved in the water, the chemical and biological
properties of water. It can be easily interfaced with Arduino
using one-wire protocol. Probe type sensor is perfect for
sensing temperature of water in wet conditions. The
temperature range is in between -55° to 125°C.
Figure 1. Temperature sensor and its collected data
pH sensor
pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of any solution. It ranges
between 0-14 where the pH for pure water is 7. A pH meter
consists of hydrogen ion activity of solutions which shows
whether it is acidic or alkaline.
pH= - log(H+)
A pH sensor is called a pH probe which combines plastic shell
rechargeable acidity meter electrode. It is round surfaced,
refillable and appropriate for labs, schools where periodic pH
calculation is done.
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2883
Figure 2. pH sensor and its collected data
Turbidity sensor
A turbidity is the measure of quality of water which is based
on total suspended solids (TSS) and clarity. It also indicates
the presence of pathogens and bacteria levels. Monitoring of
water quality is done constantly to ensure that it does not
exceed safe levels. The light scattered by sold particles which
are small in water is measured by turbidity sensor. With the
increase in solid particles turbidity level of water is increased.
Figure 3. Turbidity sensor and its collected data
Conductivity sensor
The important aspect f water chemistry is carbonate
hardness (KH) which represents the pH buffering capacity.
Buffering capacity is higher for harder water. The ideal KH
medium is 4°- 6°KH. The accuracy of water is more with the
KH range 4°(4 KH) which is suggested to monitor the carbon
di oxide level. Electrical conductivity is related roughly to
general
SL. No AUTHOR YEAR TECHNIQUE ADVANTAGES
1. SAJAL SAHA, RAKI BUL HASAN
RAJIB, SUMAIYA KABIR
2018 It uses Raspberry pi, Arduino, various
sensors, android application and
smartphone camera for water quality
monitoring.
It finds a way to give a
better result for low
cost than any other
available systems.
2. MONIRA MUKTA, SAMIA ISLAM,
SURAJIT DAS BARMAN, AHMED
WASIF REZA
2019 The proposed system can analyze
successfully water parameters using
fast forest binary classifier to classify
whether the test water samples is fit
for drinking.
Fast forest binary
classifier shows better
performance to validate
systems effectiveness
and accuracy in
predicting the quality of
water.
3. T ABINAYA, J ISHWARYA, M
MAHESHWARI,
2019 This system is used for monitoring
and controlling the parameters of
water for aquaculture. It can also
detect and control the parameters
such as foul smell, dissolved oxygen,
pH value, ammonia and water level.
The values measured
are sent to aqua farmer
through short messages
to inform the present
situation in the farm.
4. SIMITHA K M, SUBODH RAJ M S 2019 It uses IoT and wireless sensor
networks which gives real time data
of the quality of water so that water
resources can be used effectively.
The system was
successful in
monitoring turbidity,
DO, pH, and
temperature. Using
LoRa receiver the water
quality parameter
values could be sent
from LoRa sender from
several kilometers
away.
5. FAHIM REDWAN, SHADMAN
RAFID, AHANAF HOSSAIN ABRAR,
BISHWAJIT BANIK PATHIK
2019 The system is designed using Arduino
Mega 2560 and different water
qualitative parameters namely
It is comparatively
faster in continuous
transmission of results
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2884
arsenic level, pH level, salinity,
turbidity, etc. can be measured. The
collected data from sensors is
visualized and displayed on LCD and
demonstrated using Thingspeak
which is a cloud server.
so that the monitoring
gets simpler.
6. I S AKILA, KARTHIKEYAN P,
HARIHARAN M V,
HARIKRISHNAN J
2018 It consists of electrical, mechanical
and communication components
which are integrated with IoT.
The prototype designed
is well functioned with
all features without any
malfunction or
disorder.
7. CHARLOTTE DUPONT, AMOS
WUSSAH, SADOUANOUAN MALO,
OUSMANE THIARE, FAROKH
NIASS, CONGDUC PHAM, SAMUEL
DUPONT
2018 A low-cost and connected water
monitoring system measuring DO,
temperature and pH in a fish farm is
developed
The improvements
made from the
corresponding collected
data leads to a
significant development
in the business
8. YUHWAN KIM, NAMGU LEE,
BYEONGJUN KIM, KYOOJAE SHIN
2018 Water quality parameters such as
oxygen , pH and so on are controlled
by microcontroller which is
supported by MQTT communication
protocol on the website application
or mobile app.
It reduces human effort
for the fish farming and
unmanned and it is
applied to smart fish
farm aquariums for
future purpose.
9. NIKHIL KUMAR KODITALA,
PURNENDU SHEKAR PANDEY
2018 This system uses technologies
emerging such as cloud computing,
IoT and machine learning.
It developed
economical and
practical solution to
monitor water quality
especially in rural areas
without any human
mediation.
10. MUHAMMAD NISWAR, SONNY
WAINALANG, AMIL A IILAM,
ZAHIR ZAINUDDIN, YUSHINTA
FUJAYA, ZAENAB MUSLIMIN, ADY
WAHYUDI PAUNDU, SHIGERU
KASHIHARA, DOUDOU FALL
2018 It uses LoRa based wireless sensor
network and a MQTT lightweight
protocol. It also comprises of
raspberry pi, sensor node and mobile
client.
In this system low cost
sensors, small
embedded systems and
LoRa wireless interface
is developed.
11. YI-BING LIN, HUNG-CHUN TSENG 2018 Analytic model, simulation and
measurement experiments to check
the effects of message delays and loss
on water condition using IoT is
developed.
For monitoring and
controlling a web based
application is used
which is free.
12. CORENTIN DUPONT, MEHDI
SHEIKHALISHAHI, ABDUR RAHIM
BISWAS, TOMAS BURES
2017 An open IoT and big data platform
and its architecture is used.
Open IoT platform were
used to get all services
needed for simulation
and implementation.
13. K RAGHU SITA RAMA RAJU, G
HARISH KUMAR VARMA
2017 Water quality is a crucial factor for
cultivating aquatic organisms which
mainly depends on dissolved oxygen,
temperature, salt, nitrates, etc. and
the quality must be monitored
continuously. So the data sensed is
transferred mobile of aqua farmer
through cloud.
It helps to increase the
GDP of the nation and
foreign trade. The
collected data can be
analyzed using big data
and the measures can
be taken before the
quality of water reaches
the maximum range.
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2885
14. SNEHA P S, RAKESH V S 2017 Different sensors are connected to a
common microcontroller board
which is built on Arduino Uno. The
real time data are shared to a logging
system which is implemented on a
Raspberry Pi based on single board
computer.
Monitoring controlling
the parameters of
environment of a fish
farm using IoT and
embedded system is a
low cost flexible to
implement and ease to
use electronic system.
15. TAUFIK IBNU SALIM, TRIYA
HAIYUNNISA, HILMAN SYAEFUL
ALM
2016 The quality of water is monitored
using Raspberry pi3. Some water
quality parameters that are used to
monitor are temperature, pH and DO.
Data processing is done using
Raspberry pi3 and python program.
The program viewer
can run manually to see
the historical and real
time data. It also
monitors the effect of
micro bubble aeration.
16. HANS V BJELLAND, MARTIN
FORE, PAL LADER, DAVID
KRISTIANSEN
2015 An autonomous system for
monitoring remote locations is
proposed in this paper.
The solutions that
enable the use of
exposed and remote
sites will contribute to
Norwegian salmon
industry and global
production of
aquaculture by
improving proper
safety and cost
efficiency.
17. CHANGHUI DENG, YANPING GAO,
JUN GU, XINYING MIAO,
SONGSONG LI
2010 Artificial neural technology is used
for aquaculture organisms in this
project.
The experiment shows
the method proposed is
very effective and
important instructive
significance in practice.
hardness (GH) and TDS. The correct EC value is required to
keep the fish healthy. Pollutants in the water increases the EC
value which indicates changes in condition of water. The EC
value can be maintained by reducing pollutants in water. If
the EC value is too high osmotic water can be used to dilute it.
If EC value is too low water must be hardened by using
calcium carbonate solutions or commercial salt mixes.
Figure 4. Conductivity sensor and its collected data
4. SOFTWARE
Arduino
Arduino is a open source platform which designs and
manufactures single board microcontrollers and
microcontroller kits for developing digital devices. Arduino
board designs various types of controllers and
microprocessors. The boards are integrated with digital and
analog input or output pins that may be interfaced on bread
boards and other circuits. The boards uses serial
communications interface which includes universal serial bus
(USB) on some models. It can be programmed using C and
C++ languages. Based on processing language project
integrated development environment (IDE) is used. It aims to
provide low cost and easy way for novices
Raspberry Pi
Raspberry pi is a series of single board computers which are
compact. It does not include cases or peripherals. The speed
ranges from 700MHz to 1.4GHz. the onboard memory ranges
from 256mb to 1gb. SD cards in microSDHC is used to store
program memory and operating system. It consists of five
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
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USB ports. The common protocols such as I2C is supported
using lower GPIO pins.
5. CONCLUSION
Maintaining a sustained water quality is necessary, polluted
water is unfit for usage and it directly affects habitat. The
design and implementation part can be done using various
methods.. Internet and Wi-Fi can be combined for
convenience to give a better result for low cost than any other
system. Neural network based system can be developed for
aquaculture organisms. Using Raspberry Pi3 design and
implementation can be carried out, in which monitoring can
be done on a laboratory scale. The temperature sensor is
dipped in a shrimp farm were the readings of temperature
and dissolved oxygen is acquired. When compared with the
atmospheric temperature, the temperature level during day
time is decreased and vice versa. Fish feeding can be done
through automate and manual control mechanism.
6. FUTURE SCOPE
With the advancement in IoT technology chemical
parameters of water can be detected and real time
monitoring and controlling can be done. Using IoT and WSN
Smart City project can be done which includes street light
energy saving system and air quality monitoring. Purification
and filtering of contaminated water can be done, soil quality
can be determined. A base station can be established in order
to monitor the quality in multiple areas. The counting of
fishes can be done along with its health monitoring. With
addition of some more sensors the physical and chemical
parameters can be determined, that effects the quality of
water. Energy consumption of IoT devices can be determined.
The labor cost and energy consumption can be reduced by
designing automatic aqua system
7. References
[1] Sajal Saha, Rakibul Hasan Rajib, Sumaiya Kabir, “IoT
Based Automated Fish Farm Aquaculture Monitoring
System”, 2018, 2018 2nd Int. Conf. on Innovations in
Science, Engineering and Technology (ICISET) 27-28
October 2018, Chittagong, Bangladesh
[2] Monira Mukta, Samia Islam, Surajit Das Barman,
Ahmed Wasif Reza, “IoT based Smart Water Quality
Monitoring System”, 2019 IEEE 4th International
Conference on Computer and Communication
Systems, 2019
[3] T Abinaya, J Ishwarya, M Maheshwari, “A Novel
Methodology for Monitoring and Controlling of
Water Quality in Aquaculture using Internet of
Things (IoT)”, 2019 International Conference on
Computer Communication and Informatics,
Coimbatore, INDIA, 2019
[4] Simitha K M, Subodh Raj M S, “IoT and WSN Based
Water Quality Monitoring System”, Proceedings of
the Third International Conference on Electronics
Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA
2019], 2019
[5] Fahim Redwan, Shadman Rafid, Ahanaf Hossain
Abrar, Bishwajit Banik Pathik, “An Exploratory
Approach to Monitor the Quality of Supply-Water
Through IoT Technology”, 2019 International
Conference on Automation, Computational and
Technology Management (ICACTM) Amity
University, 2019.
[6] Dr. I S Akila, Karthikeyan P, HariHaran M.V,
HariKrishnan J, “IoT Based Domestic Fish Feeder”,
Proceedings of the 2nd International conference on
Electronics, Communication and Aerospace
Technology (ICECA 2018), 2018
[7] Charlotte Dupont, Amos Wussah, Sadouanouan Malo,
Ousmane Thiare, Farokh Niass4, Congduc Pham,
Samuel Dupont, “Low-Cost IoT Solutions for Fish
Farmers in Africa”, IIMC International Information
Management Corporation, 2018
[8] YuHwan Kim, Namgu Lee, ByeongJun Kim, KyooJae
Shin, “Realization of IoT based Fish Farm Control
Using Mobile App”, 2018 International Symposium
on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C), 2018
[9] Nikhil Kumar Koditala, Dr.Purnendu Shekar Pandey,
“Water Quality Monitoring System using IoT and
Machine Learning”, IEEE, 2018
[10] Muhammad Niswar, Sonny Wainalang, Amil A.
Ilham, Zahir Zainuddin, Yushinta Fujayay, Zaenab
Muslimin, Ady Wahyudi Paundu, Shigeru Kashiharaz
and Doudou Fallz “IoT-based Water Quality
Monitoring System for Soft-Shell Crab Farming”, The
2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of
Things and Intelligence System (IoTaIS), 2018
[11] Yi-Bing Lin, Hung-Chun Tseng, “Fish Talk: An IoT-
based Mini Aquarium System”, 2018 IEEE.
Translations and content mining, 2018
[12] Corentin DUPONT1, Mehdi SHEIKHALISHAHI2,
Abdur Rahim BISWAS1, Tomas BURES2, “IoT, Big
Data, and Cloud Platform for Rural African Needs”,
IIMC International Information Management
Corporation, 2017
[13] K.Raghu Sita Rama Raju, G.Harish kumar Varma,
“Knowledge Based Real Time Monitoring System for
Aquaculture Using IoT”, 2017 IEEE 7th International
Advance Computing Conference, 2017
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
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IRJET - A Review on Fish Farm Aquaculture Monitoring & Controlling System

  • 1. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056 VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2880 A Review on Fish Farm Aquaculture Monitoring & Controlling System Ujwala T S1, Sunita G Devareddy2, Yamuna S3, Vandana S4 1,2,3,4Electronics & Communication Engineering, Atria Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India -------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract—This paper is a review on aquaculture monitoring and controlling system using various approaches. Water is getting polluted due to use of pesticides & fertilizers, industrialization, urban development, etc. Aquaculture is the farming of fish, aquatic plants, molluscs, algae & other organisms. It involves cultivating fresh and salt water population under controlled condition. Farming involves rearing process to enhance production, like feeding, protection from predators, regular stocking and so on. Due to the under development of economy in wild fisheries & over exploitation of marine species with the demand for high quality protein, encouraged aqua culturist to domesticate marine species. As the over fishing at oceans and other natural resources is increasing continuously every year, the oceans provide the demand for sea food naturally. To fill the gap of this sea food supply, aquaculture is the main tool. Index Terms—Aquaculture monitoring, Fish farming, Temperature, Turbidity, conductivity. 1. INTRODUCTION QUACULTURE is one of the most emerging field because the demand for sea food is increasing all over the world. Of the several sea foods the most wanted food is fish because of its health benefits. Fish farming has a huge impact on any country’s economy as the demand for fish is increasing. However, many countries need to import fish, as the production does not meet the total consumption. For example, in Ghana, half of the countries demand does not meet though there is combination of annual supply of fish from aquaculture and capture. Aquaculture has become of crucial importance in relation to the development of fisheries sector in many of the countries in the world today because of the shortage in supply as it is expected to increase with limited prospects. Management of fisheries relies on the monitoring of water quality as fish diseases are very common and have a direct impact on the harvesting yield [6]. Protected location for farming could be suitable for reducing environmental effects and production. More stable water flow can be featured by such areas which leads to stable culture condition & dispersal of waste [15]. Since water is a prerequisite for fish, quality of water must be monitored and controlled continuously. One of the mistakes made by the aqua farmers is over feeding, as the uneaten food which remains can pollute the water. The significant parameters such as pH level dissolved oxygen, water level, ammonia content & temperature in the tank should be continuously monitored in order to avoid undesirable condition for farming [2]. Since fish are cold blooded animals, optimum temperature should be maintained and controlled in proper range. Enough oxygen is required for the fish for proper metabolism else they reside at the surface to catch up oxygen resulting in slower metabolism and eventually die due to lack of oxygen. The dissolved oxygen should be more than 5ppm always, pH value should be between 7 and 8.5 for their biological productivity ideally. In India, aquaculture has become one of the growing sectors. It contributes about 1.07% of the GDP. According to a estimation, the fish requirement by 2025 would be in order of 16 million tons. Natural fisheries have exhausted by over fishing due to which commercial aquaculture came into existence. Because of the sudden climatic changes, fluctuations in water quality parameters occur posing problem for commercial aquaculture. 2. LITERATURE SURVEY [1]. In this paper an outline for monitoring of water quality for aquaculture is used using Arduino, Raspberry pi and various sensors, android application and smartphone camera. The parameters for water quality used in this paper are pH, color, temperature and electrical conductivity. The sensor acquisition is performed by Raspberry pi and Arduino which is used as server and data processing device. To detect the color of the water photo acquisition is conducted using Raspberry pi with the help of smartphone camera. Any user can check the water condition using an android application through Wi-Fi within Wi-Fi threshold range and internet from anywhere in the world. To check the water condition some analysis is performed with these four parameters and necessary action can also be taken. [2]. An IoT based smart water quality monitoring system is implemented that helps in continuous water condition monitoring based on four physical parameters: temperature, turbidity, electric conductivity & pH properties. Arduino Uno is connected with four sensors separately to find the water parameters. The acquired data is transmitted to a application developed using .NET platform and it is compared with the standard values of WHO (World Health Organization). The water parameters can be analyzed based on the measured parameters to determine if the water sample is fir for drinking. A
  • 2. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056 VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2881 [3]. The author has proposed usage of an IoT system for monitoring and controlling the water parameters. The system detects and controls ammonia, water level, pH value, foul smell, temperature, dissolved oxygen in the water. The real time data is collected from the sensor nodes and sent to Arduino for processing. The processor activates the corresponding controller to take necessary action when the parameters exceed the threshold. These values are also sent to the cloud using Wi-Fi and can be accessed in the control room. These values in the form of short messages are sent through GSM modem to the concerned person. This system is compatible and can be used for any type of aquaculture system. [4]. This system gives a low range, low cost, low power and scalable approach for water quality monitoring using LoRa module with the help of LoRaWAN protocol which uses Low Power Wide Area Network technology (LPWAN). The system has wireless LoRa module for sending and receiving sensor values, adding sensors to the microcontroller and ThingSpeak IoT platform for testing and visualizing water quality sensor values. [5]. Water quality is monitored using IoT based design is proposed in this paper. The power required by the sensors is provided using solar energy. This system is designed using Arduino Mega 2560 to measure turbidity and pH level using sensors. Data gathered from these sensors are sent to the cloud by means of Wi-Fi module. The collected information is analyzed further and is shown in visual format on LCD & displayed using Thingspeak which is a cloud server. This system can be monitored from anywhere in the World using internet and also implemented to the overhead and roof top tank. [6]. The system consists of electrical, mechanical and communication components which are integrated with IoT (Internet of Things). The electrical part consists of a pi camera, which provides real time video data collection of the fish and interface with a Raspberry Pi B+ module. A stepper motor is controlled using Raspberry Pi, B+ via web interface are the mechanical parts used for food dispensing purpose. The two modes that can be used for feeding are: (1) Pre- scheduled feeding by the care taker, (2) manual feeding by the web interface. In scheduled feeding, the schedule must be fixed in the webpage while in manual feeding, fish must be fed by the user using web interface. [7]. This paper explains the development of a prototype which is located in Kumah farms in Kumasi, Ghana. The main aim here was to give access to water quality measurements at low cost as fish farmers may not have enough budget to invest into commercial water measurement sensors as such farmers are only aware of actions to be taken on their ponds using traditional methods. [8]. A smart fish farm of a remote control and monitoring system is developed by using IoT technology. The system senses and monitors several sensors such as temperature, water level, pH, oxygen level. Also, a closed loop water control of the aquarium is controlled by a microcontroller and supported by Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol on the website application or mobile application. [9]. The author has used machine learning, IoT and cloud computing technologies to monitor water quality at low cost which also replaces the traditional way of water quality monitoring. The model is capable of controlling the temperature of water and modify itself to adjust to the temperature of environment. [10]. A design is proposed for water quality monitoring system for crab farming based on IoT which gives awareness to farmers for maintaining threshold levels of water quality in the pond. The system makes use of light weight Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol and LoRa based wireless sensor network for exchanging messages between mobile devices, sensors & embedded devices. The system mainly includes Raspberry Pi MQTT broker, sensor node as publisher and mobile client devices as subscribers. Sensor nodes are built using LoRa wireless interface, small embedded devices and water quality sensors like pH sensor, temperature sensor and salinity sensor. Also, a web based monitoring application using node-red dashboard for acquiring water quality parameters remotely is built. [11]. In this paper fish talk system uses sensors to drive actuators in real time for aquarium. The relationship between actuators and sensors are described, the solid examples above threshold settings are given. The system allows the designer to adapt smart control for various conditions of water. An intelligent fish feeding mechanism is implemented for the fish as they may be either under fed or over fed. Also, an simulated analytic model and measurement experiments are developed to investigate the causes of loss on water control condition and IoT message delays. [12]. A big data platform and open IoT is presented here to accelerate changes in rural Africa. The technology is not limited only for the rural cases. It is designed for any application of IoT. This platform allows applications of IoT to be coupled with big data capacities. Besides, the platform can adapt to the constraints and specific requirements of African users. This paper gives an overview of big data platform and IoT, details its technical aspects and finally introduce three cases to prove the platform architecture validity. [13]. The proposed paper focuses mainly on monitoring of water quality parameters constantly from time to time, in order to take preventive measures. The architecture consists of four modules (1). Power module which comprises of
  • 3. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056 VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2882 charge controller, DC-DC converter, battery and solar panel. (2). Sensor module consists of sensors like ammonia, temperature, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, pH and carbonates. (3). Microcontroller module has a processor. Raspberry Pi3 is used as a computer due to its low cost application. (4). Output module requires the mobile of an aquafarmer which is taken as an output module in which an application has been installed that mainly consists of two buttons i.e., get data and history buttons. [14]. The system implements an embedded system for monitoring and controlling environmental parameters with the help of sensors and actuators. Different types of sensors are integrated in the cultivation field all of which are connected to a common microcontroller board which is built on a Arduino Uno board. The real time sensor values which are monitored using microcontroller are shared to a data logging system which is implemented on a Raspberry Pi. The SD card of Raspberry Pi are logged with real time sensor values. Actuators like aerator and pump will be turned off and on automatically with the threshold value of different parameters by the Raspberry Pi. Using IoT the farmers can also control aerators and pumps. Information can be collected from a weather forecasting website based on real time temperature and humidity and if any abnormality is observed in environmental parameters the system will notify an alert SMS through a web service app called Twilio to the farmer. The development of such system will increase the yield in paddy field which helps the farmer to harvest in a better environmental condition. [15]. The monitoring of water quality is designed and implemented using Raspberry pi3 and this device monitors the quality of water for aquaculture which uses oxygenation in the form of micro bubble. Some water quality parameters that are used in the monitoring are temperature, acidity (pH) and dissolved oxygen (DO). Data processing device use python program and Raspberry Pi3 to create the program viewer and acquisition program of a sensor. The test is performed in two stages: (1). Device monitoring performance (2). Sensors reading stability. The testing device monitoring is conducted in aquariums using microbubble aeration and testing sensor ability is conducted in the laboratory. Micro bubble aeration is used to implement eel aquaculture. The features used in this device monitoring can function smoothly and properly. [16]. The farming of Atlantic salmon in open area throws unique challenge to structures, equipment and operation due to severe wave, irregular wind, sheer remoteness and current conditions. Six target areas of technological innovations will enable reliable and safe exposed operations of aquaculture. (1). Monitoring and operational decision support. (2). Vessel design for exposed operations. (3). Fish behaviour and welfare. (4). Autonomous systems and technologies for remote operations. (5). Structures for locations exposed. (6). Risk and safety management. [17]. In this paper artificial neural network is used to develop a model for the growing status of aquaculture. Many water quality parameters are affected by growing state model, which is developed in this work and by using artificial neural network technology that can solve congestion problem in an expert system. This method is proven effective from the experimental results obtained. 3. HARDWARE Temperature Sensor The most important physical analysis of water quality is measurement of temperature. It effects the quantity of oxygen dissolved in the water, the chemical and biological properties of water. It can be easily interfaced with Arduino using one-wire protocol. Probe type sensor is perfect for sensing temperature of water in wet conditions. The temperature range is in between -55° to 125°C. Figure 1. Temperature sensor and its collected data pH sensor pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of any solution. It ranges between 0-14 where the pH for pure water is 7. A pH meter consists of hydrogen ion activity of solutions which shows whether it is acidic or alkaline. pH= - log(H+) A pH sensor is called a pH probe which combines plastic shell rechargeable acidity meter electrode. It is round surfaced, refillable and appropriate for labs, schools where periodic pH calculation is done.
  • 4. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056 VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2883 Figure 2. pH sensor and its collected data Turbidity sensor A turbidity is the measure of quality of water which is based on total suspended solids (TSS) and clarity. It also indicates the presence of pathogens and bacteria levels. Monitoring of water quality is done constantly to ensure that it does not exceed safe levels. The light scattered by sold particles which are small in water is measured by turbidity sensor. With the increase in solid particles turbidity level of water is increased. Figure 3. Turbidity sensor and its collected data Conductivity sensor The important aspect f water chemistry is carbonate hardness (KH) which represents the pH buffering capacity. Buffering capacity is higher for harder water. The ideal KH medium is 4°- 6°KH. The accuracy of water is more with the KH range 4°(4 KH) which is suggested to monitor the carbon di oxide level. Electrical conductivity is related roughly to general SL. No AUTHOR YEAR TECHNIQUE ADVANTAGES 1. SAJAL SAHA, RAKI BUL HASAN RAJIB, SUMAIYA KABIR 2018 It uses Raspberry pi, Arduino, various sensors, android application and smartphone camera for water quality monitoring. It finds a way to give a better result for low cost than any other available systems. 2. MONIRA MUKTA, SAMIA ISLAM, SURAJIT DAS BARMAN, AHMED WASIF REZA 2019 The proposed system can analyze successfully water parameters using fast forest binary classifier to classify whether the test water samples is fit for drinking. Fast forest binary classifier shows better performance to validate systems effectiveness and accuracy in predicting the quality of water. 3. T ABINAYA, J ISHWARYA, M MAHESHWARI, 2019 This system is used for monitoring and controlling the parameters of water for aquaculture. It can also detect and control the parameters such as foul smell, dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia and water level. The values measured are sent to aqua farmer through short messages to inform the present situation in the farm. 4. SIMITHA K M, SUBODH RAJ M S 2019 It uses IoT and wireless sensor networks which gives real time data of the quality of water so that water resources can be used effectively. The system was successful in monitoring turbidity, DO, pH, and temperature. Using LoRa receiver the water quality parameter values could be sent from LoRa sender from several kilometers away. 5. FAHIM REDWAN, SHADMAN RAFID, AHANAF HOSSAIN ABRAR, BISHWAJIT BANIK PATHIK 2019 The system is designed using Arduino Mega 2560 and different water qualitative parameters namely It is comparatively faster in continuous transmission of results
  • 5. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056 VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2884 arsenic level, pH level, salinity, turbidity, etc. can be measured. The collected data from sensors is visualized and displayed on LCD and demonstrated using Thingspeak which is a cloud server. so that the monitoring gets simpler. 6. I S AKILA, KARTHIKEYAN P, HARIHARAN M V, HARIKRISHNAN J 2018 It consists of electrical, mechanical and communication components which are integrated with IoT. The prototype designed is well functioned with all features without any malfunction or disorder. 7. CHARLOTTE DUPONT, AMOS WUSSAH, SADOUANOUAN MALO, OUSMANE THIARE, FAROKH NIASS, CONGDUC PHAM, SAMUEL DUPONT 2018 A low-cost and connected water monitoring system measuring DO, temperature and pH in a fish farm is developed The improvements made from the corresponding collected data leads to a significant development in the business 8. YUHWAN KIM, NAMGU LEE, BYEONGJUN KIM, KYOOJAE SHIN 2018 Water quality parameters such as oxygen , pH and so on are controlled by microcontroller which is supported by MQTT communication protocol on the website application or mobile app. It reduces human effort for the fish farming and unmanned and it is applied to smart fish farm aquariums for future purpose. 9. NIKHIL KUMAR KODITALA, PURNENDU SHEKAR PANDEY 2018 This system uses technologies emerging such as cloud computing, IoT and machine learning. It developed economical and practical solution to monitor water quality especially in rural areas without any human mediation. 10. MUHAMMAD NISWAR, SONNY WAINALANG, AMIL A IILAM, ZAHIR ZAINUDDIN, YUSHINTA FUJAYA, ZAENAB MUSLIMIN, ADY WAHYUDI PAUNDU, SHIGERU KASHIHARA, DOUDOU FALL 2018 It uses LoRa based wireless sensor network and a MQTT lightweight protocol. It also comprises of raspberry pi, sensor node and mobile client. In this system low cost sensors, small embedded systems and LoRa wireless interface is developed. 11. YI-BING LIN, HUNG-CHUN TSENG 2018 Analytic model, simulation and measurement experiments to check the effects of message delays and loss on water condition using IoT is developed. For monitoring and controlling a web based application is used which is free. 12. CORENTIN DUPONT, MEHDI SHEIKHALISHAHI, ABDUR RAHIM BISWAS, TOMAS BURES 2017 An open IoT and big data platform and its architecture is used. Open IoT platform were used to get all services needed for simulation and implementation. 13. K RAGHU SITA RAMA RAJU, G HARISH KUMAR VARMA 2017 Water quality is a crucial factor for cultivating aquatic organisms which mainly depends on dissolved oxygen, temperature, salt, nitrates, etc. and the quality must be monitored continuously. So the data sensed is transferred mobile of aqua farmer through cloud. It helps to increase the GDP of the nation and foreign trade. The collected data can be analyzed using big data and the measures can be taken before the quality of water reaches the maximum range.
  • 6. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056 VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2885 14. SNEHA P S, RAKESH V S 2017 Different sensors are connected to a common microcontroller board which is built on Arduino Uno. The real time data are shared to a logging system which is implemented on a Raspberry Pi based on single board computer. Monitoring controlling the parameters of environment of a fish farm using IoT and embedded system is a low cost flexible to implement and ease to use electronic system. 15. TAUFIK IBNU SALIM, TRIYA HAIYUNNISA, HILMAN SYAEFUL ALM 2016 The quality of water is monitored using Raspberry pi3. Some water quality parameters that are used to monitor are temperature, pH and DO. Data processing is done using Raspberry pi3 and python program. The program viewer can run manually to see the historical and real time data. It also monitors the effect of micro bubble aeration. 16. HANS V BJELLAND, MARTIN FORE, PAL LADER, DAVID KRISTIANSEN 2015 An autonomous system for monitoring remote locations is proposed in this paper. The solutions that enable the use of exposed and remote sites will contribute to Norwegian salmon industry and global production of aquaculture by improving proper safety and cost efficiency. 17. CHANGHUI DENG, YANPING GAO, JUN GU, XINYING MIAO, SONGSONG LI 2010 Artificial neural technology is used for aquaculture organisms in this project. The experiment shows the method proposed is very effective and important instructive significance in practice. hardness (GH) and TDS. The correct EC value is required to keep the fish healthy. Pollutants in the water increases the EC value which indicates changes in condition of water. The EC value can be maintained by reducing pollutants in water. If the EC value is too high osmotic water can be used to dilute it. If EC value is too low water must be hardened by using calcium carbonate solutions or commercial salt mixes. Figure 4. Conductivity sensor and its collected data 4. SOFTWARE Arduino Arduino is a open source platform which designs and manufactures single board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for developing digital devices. Arduino board designs various types of controllers and microprocessors. The boards are integrated with digital and analog input or output pins that may be interfaced on bread boards and other circuits. The boards uses serial communications interface which includes universal serial bus (USB) on some models. It can be programmed using C and C++ languages. Based on processing language project integrated development environment (IDE) is used. It aims to provide low cost and easy way for novices Raspberry Pi Raspberry pi is a series of single board computers which are compact. It does not include cases or peripherals. The speed ranges from 700MHz to 1.4GHz. the onboard memory ranges from 256mb to 1gb. SD cards in microSDHC is used to store program memory and operating system. It consists of five
  • 7. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056 VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 02 | FEB 2020 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2886 USB ports. The common protocols such as I2C is supported using lower GPIO pins. 5. CONCLUSION Maintaining a sustained water quality is necessary, polluted water is unfit for usage and it directly affects habitat. The design and implementation part can be done using various methods.. Internet and Wi-Fi can be combined for convenience to give a better result for low cost than any other system. Neural network based system can be developed for aquaculture organisms. Using Raspberry Pi3 design and implementation can be carried out, in which monitoring can be done on a laboratory scale. The temperature sensor is dipped in a shrimp farm were the readings of temperature and dissolved oxygen is acquired. When compared with the atmospheric temperature, the temperature level during day time is decreased and vice versa. Fish feeding can be done through automate and manual control mechanism. 6. FUTURE SCOPE With the advancement in IoT technology chemical parameters of water can be detected and real time monitoring and controlling can be done. Using IoT and WSN Smart City project can be done which includes street light energy saving system and air quality monitoring. Purification and filtering of contaminated water can be done, soil quality can be determined. A base station can be established in order to monitor the quality in multiple areas. The counting of fishes can be done along with its health monitoring. With addition of some more sensors the physical and chemical parameters can be determined, that effects the quality of water. Energy consumption of IoT devices can be determined. The labor cost and energy consumption can be reduced by designing automatic aqua system 7. References [1] Sajal Saha, Rakibul Hasan Rajib, Sumaiya Kabir, “IoT Based Automated Fish Farm Aquaculture Monitoring System”, 2018, 2018 2nd Int. Conf. on Innovations in Science, Engineering and Technology (ICISET) 27-28 October 2018, Chittagong, Bangladesh [2] Monira Mukta, Samia Islam, Surajit Das Barman, Ahmed Wasif Reza, “IoT based Smart Water Quality Monitoring System”, 2019 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems, 2019 [3] T Abinaya, J Ishwarya, M Maheshwari, “A Novel Methodology for Monitoring and Controlling of Water Quality in Aquaculture using Internet of Things (IoT)”, 2019 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics, Coimbatore, INDIA, 2019 [4] Simitha K M, Subodh Raj M S, “IoT and WSN Based Water Quality Monitoring System”, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019], 2019 [5] Fahim Redwan, Shadman Rafid, Ahanaf Hossain Abrar, Bishwajit Banik Pathik, “An Exploratory Approach to Monitor the Quality of Supply-Water Through IoT Technology”, 2019 International Conference on Automation, Computational and Technology Management (ICACTM) Amity University, 2019. [6] Dr. I S Akila, Karthikeyan P, HariHaran M.V, HariKrishnan J, “IoT Based Domestic Fish Feeder”, Proceedings of the 2nd International conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA 2018), 2018 [7] Charlotte Dupont, Amos Wussah, Sadouanouan Malo, Ousmane Thiare, Farokh Niass4, Congduc Pham, Samuel Dupont, “Low-Cost IoT Solutions for Fish Farmers in Africa”, IIMC International Information Management Corporation, 2018 [8] YuHwan Kim, Namgu Lee, ByeongJun Kim, KyooJae Shin, “Realization of IoT based Fish Farm Control Using Mobile App”, 2018 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C), 2018 [9] Nikhil Kumar Koditala, Dr.Purnendu Shekar Pandey, “Water Quality Monitoring System using IoT and Machine Learning”, IEEE, 2018 [10] Muhammad Niswar, Sonny Wainalang, Amil A. Ilham, Zahir Zainuddin, Yushinta Fujayay, Zaenab Muslimin, Ady Wahyudi Paundu, Shigeru Kashiharaz and Doudou Fallz “IoT-based Water Quality Monitoring System for Soft-Shell Crab Farming”, The 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things and Intelligence System (IoTaIS), 2018 [11] Yi-Bing Lin, Hung-Chun Tseng, “Fish Talk: An IoT- based Mini Aquarium System”, 2018 IEEE. Translations and content mining, 2018 [12] Corentin DUPONT1, Mehdi SHEIKHALISHAHI2, Abdur Rahim BISWAS1, Tomas BURES2, “IoT, Big Data, and Cloud Platform for Rural African Needs”, IIMC International Information Management Corporation, 2017 [13] K.Raghu Sita Rama Raju, G.Harish kumar Varma, “Knowledge Based Real Time Monitoring System for Aquaculture Using IoT”, 2017 IEEE 7th International Advance Computing Conference, 2017
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