The document provides an overview of WordNet, a lexical database for the English language that organizes words based on their meanings and relationships rather than forms. It discusses WordNet's international relevance, its structural design, and major lexical relations like synonymy, polysemy, and antonymy. Additionally, it highlights its applications in various fields such as information retrieval, machine translation, and automatic text classification.

1. By:Govind Raj
IT/1001227464

2. Topics of Discussion
 What is WORDNET?????
 International Scenarios.
 Design fundamentals.
 Major Lexical Relations.
 Uses of Wordnet.
 Wordnets in India.

3. What is WORDNET?????
 WordNet is a lexical database for the English
language based on conceptual look-up.
 George A. Miller who began the WordNet project in
the mid 1980s.
 Organizes lexical information in terms of word
meanings rather than word form.
 Wordnet can also be used as a thesaurus.

4. Miller on Wordnet
 “In terms of coverage, WordNet’s goals
differ little from those of a good
standard college-level dictionary, and
the semantics of WordNet is based on
the notion of word sense that
lexicographers have traditionally used
in writing dictionaries. ”

5. Wordnet: International Scenario
 Wordnet is a network of words linked by
lexical and semantic relations.
 The first wordnet in the world was for
English developed at Princeton over 15 years.
 The Eurowordnet- linked structure of
European language wordnet was built in
1998 over 3 years.
 Wordnets for Hindi and Marathi being built
at IIT Bombay are amongst the first IL
wordnet.
 All these are proposed to be linked into the
IndoWordnet which eventually will be
linked to the English and the Euro wordnet.

6. Psycholinguistic Theory
 Can canary sing? – pretty fast response.
 Can canary fly ? – a bit slower response.
 Does canary have skin ? – a slow response.
Animal
Bird
Canary

7. Fundamental Design Questions
 Syntagmatic VS Paradigmatic ???
Syntagmatic – when words appear together in a unit.
Paradigmatic – if words are linked in a lexical resource
When we hear a word , many words come to our mind
through association.
For cat :
animal , mammal – Paradigmatic
mew , purr , furry - Syntagmatic

8. Major Lexical Relations
Synonymy
Polysemy
Metonymy
Hyponymy/ Hypernymy
Meronymy/ Holonymy
Antonymy

9. Synonymy
 Different ways of expressing related concepts
 Examples
 cat, feline, Siamese cat
 Overlaps with basic and subordinate levels
 Synonyms are almost never truly substitutable
 Used in different contexts
 Have different implications
 This is a point of contention

10. Polysemy
 Most words have more than one sense
 Homonym: same sound and/or spelling,
different meaning


bank (river)
bank (financial)
 Polysemy: different senses of same word
 That dog has floppy ears.
 She has a good ear for jazz.
 bank (financial) has several related senses
 the building, the institution, the notion of where
money is stored

11. Metonomy
 Use one aspect of something to stand for the whole
 The building stands for the institution of the bank.
 Library stands for a whole set of books ..
 Mostly all collective nouns came under this.

12. Hyponymy
 ISA relation
 Related to Super ordinate and Subordinate level
categories
 hyponym(robin , bird)
 hyponym(emu, bird)
 hyponym(bird, animal)
 hypernym(animal , bird)
 A is a hypernym of B if B is a type of A
 A is a hyponym of B if A is a type of B

13. Holonomy
 Part/Whole relation
 meronym(beak , bird)
 meronym(bark , tree)
 holonym(tree , bark)
 Transitive conceptually but not lexically
 The knob is a part of the door.
 The door is a part of the house.
 The knob is a part of the house
 Holonyms are (approximately) the inverse of
meronyms

14. Antonymy
 Lexical opposites
 antonym(large, small)
 antonym(big, small)
 antonym(big, little)
 but not large, little
 Many antonymous relations can be reliably detected
by looking for statistical correlations in large text
collections.

15. WordNet Sub-Graph (English)
Hyponymy
Dwelling,abode
Hypernymy
Meronymy
kitchen
Hyponymy
bckyard
veranda
M
e
r
o
n
y
m
y
bedroom
house,home
Gloss
A place that serves as the living
quarters of one or mor efamilies
Hyponymy
study
guestroom
hermitage
cottage

16. Structure of Wordnet

17. Uses:
 Word sense disambiguation.
 Information retrieval.
 Automatic text classification.
 Automatic text summarization.
 Machine translation
 Automatic crossword puzzle generation.
 Improve search engine results

18. WordNet : Size
WordNet Uses “Synsets” – sets of
synonymous terms
POS
Synsets
Noun
Unique
Strings
114648
Verb
11306
13508
Adjective
21436
18563
Adverb
4669
3664
Totals
152059
115424
79689

20. Linked Wordnets in India
Bengali
Wordnet
Dravidian
Language
Wordnets
Sanskrit
Wordnet
Punjabi
Wordnet
Hindi
Wordnet
North East
Language
Wordnet
Konkani
Wordnet
Marathi
Wordnet
English
Wordnet