Download as PDF, PPTX
Uploaded byDr. Noura El Tahawy
Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity
The document provides an extensive overview of the abdominal cavity, including the peritoneal cavity's structure, boundaries, and its components such as the parietal and visceral peritoneum. It details the peritoneal derivatives, the divisions of the peritoneal cavity, and the locations and significance of various peritoneal recesses. Additionally, it discusses the classifications of peritoneal, retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal, and extraperitoneal organs, highlighting clinical implications related to infections in these areas.
More Related Content
Similar to Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity
![Apporach to lung biopsy [Auto-saved].pptx latest](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/apporachtolungbiopsyauto-saved-251211225655-93258539-thumbnail.jpg?width=640&height=640&fit=bounds)
Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity
- 1. The abdominal cavity, the peritoneum & the peritoneal cavity By Dr. Noura El Tahawy Faculty of Medicine El Minia University
- 2. • Superficial view of • the abdominal • organs
- 3.
- 4. • Sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity
- 5. Abdominal cavity proper • The larger part of the abdominopelvic cavity • BOUNDARIES • Superiorly: diaphragm • Inferiorly: Pelvic inlet • A large part is under the cover of the osteocartilaginous thoracic cage • Walls are lined by the parietal peritoneum
- 6. • Thin transparent serous membrane that consists of 2 layers: • 1. PARIETAL PERITONEUM – lines the abdominal cavity • 2. VISCERAL PERITONEUM – invests the abdominal viscera
- 7. • Composed of a single layer of squamous epithelial cells (mesothelium) • The 2 layers are separated by a capillary film of peritoneal fluid.
- 8. PERITONEAL DERIVATIVES: Definition Peritoneal From To Derivatives Ligaments Solid viscera Abdominal wall Omentum Stomach Another viscus Mesentery Parts of the intestine Posterior abdominal wall
- 9. PERITONEAL DERIVATIVES: Examples PeritonealDerivative From To Ligaments Solid viscera Abdominal wall Falciform ligament liver Diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall
- 11.
- 12. • DEFINITION • Thepotential space between the parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum • MALES: closed cavity • FEMALES: (+) communication with the exterior through the reproductive tract (fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina)
- 13. Divisions of theperitoneal cavity • As the fetal organs assume their adult positions, the parietal cavity is divided into the 2 peritoneal sacs: 1. the greater sac 2. the lesser sac (omental bursa)
- 14. Peritoneal cavity • GREATERSAC • LESSER SAC • Main compartment of • Smaller the peritoneal cavity • Extends from the • Lies behind the diaphragm into the stomach pelvis The communication between the greater sac and the lesser sac is the EPIPLOIC FORAMEN
- 15. PERITONEAL DERIVATIVES: Examples PeritonealDerivative From To Omentum Stomach Another viscus Greater omentum Greater curvature Transverse colon Lesser omentum Lesser curvature Undersurface of the liver Hepatogastric ligament Hepatoduodenal ligament Gastrosplenic Stomach Hilum of the spleen omentum (ligament)
- 16.
- 23. Lesser Omentum &Lesser sac
- 24. • Superficial view of • the abdominal • organs
- 25. • Sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity
- 27. Hepatogastric Ligament Hepatogastric ligament Epiploic foramen
- 28. Hepatoduodenal Ligament Contents: ThePortal Triad • Proper hepatic a , Portal v, Common bile duct
- 29. Boundaries of Epiploic foramen Proper Proper hepatic hepatic artery artery Portal vein Portal vein Common Common bile duct bile duct Contents: The Portal Triad • Proper hepatic a • Portal v • Common bile duct
- 30. Boundaries of Epiploicforamen
- 31.
- 33.
- 35.
- 36. PERITONEAL DERIVATIVES: Examples PeritonealDerivative From To Mesentery Parts of the intestine Posterior abdominal wall Mesogastrium Stomach Posterior abdominal wall Mesentery of the small Small intestine Posterior abdominal wall intestine Transverse mesocolon Transverse colon Posterior abdominal wall Sigmoid mesocolon Sigmoid colon Posterior abdominal wall
- 37. Transverse mesocolon Mesentery of the small intestine
- 43. PERITONEAL ORGANS RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS INTRAPERITONEAL ORGANS When an organ is When an organ is partially covered almost entirely covered by visceral peritoneum. by visceral peritoneum The organ lies behind the peritoneum. Kidneys Suprarenal glands Pancreas Part of the duodenum Ascending colon Descending colon
- 44. Secondary peritoneal organs Primary peritoneal PERITONEAL ORGANS organs RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS INTRAPERITONEAL ORGANS When an organ is When an organ is partially covered almost entirely covered by visceral peritoneum. by visceral peritoneum The organ lies behind the peritoneum. Kidneys Suprarenal glands Pancreas Part of the duodenum Ascending colon Descending colon
- 48. EXTRAPERITONEAL ORGANS • Organsdevoid of peritoneal lining • Rectum
- 49. PERITONEAL RECESSES • Subphrenicrecess Description and significance • Hepatorenal recess • Paracolic gutter
- 50. SUBPHRENIC RECESS • Theexistence is due to the complicated arrangement of the peritoneum in the region of the liver • Right and left anterior subphrenic spaces • Right posterior subphrenic space • Right extraperitoneal space
- 51. SUBPHRENIC RECESS • Rightand left anterior subphrenic spaces • between the diaphragm and the Iiver on each side of the falciform ligament
- 52. SUBPHRENIC RECESS • Rightposterior subphrenic space • between the right lobe of the liver, the right kidney and the right colic flexure
- 53. Anterior and Posterior Subphrenic Abscess Anterior Posterior
- 54. SUBPHRENIC RECESS • Rightextraperitoneal space • between the layers of the coronary ligament
- 55. HEPATORENAL RECESS • Locatedbetween the inferior surface of the right lobe of the liver and the right kidney
- 56. PARACOLIC GUTTER • Resultsform the arrangement of the ascending and descending colons, attachment of the transverse mesocolon, and the mesentery of the small intestine to the abdominal wall
- 57. PARACOLIC GUTTER • 4gutters • Lie in the lateral and medial side of the ascending and descending colons respectively
- 58. PARACOLIC GUTTER • Rightlateral paracolic gutter – In communication with the right posterior subphrenic space • Right medial paracolic gutter – Closed off from the peritoneal cavity by the mesentery of the small intestines • Left lateral paracolic gutter – Separated from the area around the spleen by the phrenicocolic ligament • Left medial paracolic gutter
- 59. PARACOLIC GUTTER • Rightlateral paracolic gutter – In communication with the right posterior subphrencicspace • Right medial paracolic gutter – Closed off from the peritoneal cavity by the mesentery of the small intestines • Left lateral paracolic gutter – Separated from the area around the spleen by the phrenicocolic ligament • Left medial paracolic gutter
- 60. PARACOLIC GUTTER • Rightlateral paracolic gutter – In communication with the right posterior subphrenic space • Right medial paracolic gutter – Closed off from the peritoneal cavity by the mesentery of the small intestines • Left lateral paracolic gutter – Separated from the area around the spleen by the phrenicocolic ligament • Left medial paracolic gutter
- 61. The Subphrenic Spaces and the Paracolic Gutters • Clinically important ! • Sites for the collection and movement of infected peritoneal fluid
- 62.