Cavernous sinus
•Download as PPT, PDF•
193 likes•42,690 views
The cavernous sinus is a pair of venous channels located on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone in the middle cranial fossa. It is approximately 2 cm long and 1 cm wide. Several important structures pass through or are located within the cavernous sinus, including the internal carotid artery, cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI, and the inferior hypophyseal arteries. The cavernous sinus drains into various venous channels including the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses, which connect to the transverse sinus and internal jugular vein. Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a potential complication caused by sepsis that can spread from the face or paranasal sinuses,
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Cavernous sinus
The cavernous sinus is located in the middle cranial fossa on either side of the body of the sphenoid bone and sella turcica. It contains the internal carotid artery and cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI. The cavernous sinus drains into the angular vein, pterygoid venous plexus, and intercavernous sinuses which connect the two cavernous sinuses. Clinical implications include spread of infection or thrombosis from the face into the cavernous sinus via connections to facial veins.
Parasympathetic ganglia of Head and Neck
Introduction about ANS. types of parasymphattheytic ganglion connections with very good quality pictures
quick revision at the end
Pterygopalatine fossa
The pterygopalatine fossa is a small pyramidal space located behind the maxilla and below the orbit. It contains the maxillary nerve, pterygopalatine ganglion, maxillary artery and veins. The fossa communicates with several areas through canals including the orbit, nasal cavity, infratemporal fossa and middle cranial fossa. It is an important distribution center for branches of the maxillary nerve and artery.
Infra temporal fossa
The infratemporal fossa is located below the temporal fossa. It is bounded by the ramus of the mandible laterally, the maxilla anteriorly, and the lateral pterygoid plate medially. The infratemporal fossa contains the mandibular nerve, maxillary artery, pterygoid venous plexus, and the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The maxillary artery passes through the infratemporal fossa and gives off several branches including the middle meningeal artery, accessory meningeal artery, inferior alveolar artery, and infraorbital artery. It communicates with surrounding areas through gaps in bones and openings in the skull.
Parotid gland
The parotid gland is the largest major salivary gland. It is located below and in front of the external ear. The parotid gland develops early in the fourth week of prenatal development. It has multiple surfaces and borders that relate to surrounding structures like the mandible, masseter muscle, and facial nerve which branches within the gland. The parotid gland secretes saliva through the parotid duct which travels anteriorly to open in the mouth. It receives nerve supply from both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. Lymph from the gland drains to local and deep cervical lymph nodes.
Anatomy of parotid gland
The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland. It is located below and in front of the ear, weighing around 15g. The gland has a three-sided pyramid shape with surfaces and borders that relate to surrounding structures. It receives nerves, blood vessels and drains lymph. The parotid gland secretes saliva and is an important structure in the head and neck.
Mandibular nerve and otic ganglion
The document discusses the mandibular nerve and otic ganglion. It describes the mandibular nerve as the largest of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve and lists its main branches including the masseteric nerve, deep temporal nerves, nerve to the lateral pterygoid, buccal nerve, auriculotemporal nerve, lingual nerve, and inferior alveolar nerve. It also notes the otic ganglion is a small parasympathetic ganglion located near the mandibular nerve that receives connections from both the glossopharyngeal and sympathetic nerves.
Deep cervical fascia (fascia colli)
The document discusses the deep cervical fascia of the neck, which forms a collar around the neck. It has several layers and modifications, including the investing layer, pretracheal layer, prevertebral layer, carotid sheath, buccopharyngeal fascia, temporal fascia, and pharyngobasilar fascia. Each layer has specific attachments, contents, and clinical relevance. For example, the pretracheal fascia attaches the thyroid gland and allows its movement during swallowing, while the prevertebral fascia can allow spread of infection from the neck to the axilla.
Recommended
Cavernous sinus
The cavernous sinus is located in the middle cranial fossa on either side of the body of the sphenoid bone and sella turcica. It contains the internal carotid artery and cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI. The cavernous sinus drains into the angular vein, pterygoid venous plexus, and intercavernous sinuses which connect the two cavernous sinuses. Clinical implications include spread of infection or thrombosis from the face into the cavernous sinus via connections to facial veins.
Parasympathetic ganglia of Head and Neck
Introduction about ANS. types of parasymphattheytic ganglion connections with very good quality pictures
quick revision at the end
Pterygopalatine fossa
The pterygopalatine fossa is a small pyramidal space located behind the maxilla and below the orbit. It contains the maxillary nerve, pterygopalatine ganglion, maxillary artery and veins. The fossa communicates with several areas through canals including the orbit, nasal cavity, infratemporal fossa and middle cranial fossa. It is an important distribution center for branches of the maxillary nerve and artery.
Infra temporal fossa
The infratemporal fossa is located below the temporal fossa. It is bounded by the ramus of the mandible laterally, the maxilla anteriorly, and the lateral pterygoid plate medially. The infratemporal fossa contains the mandibular nerve, maxillary artery, pterygoid venous plexus, and the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The maxillary artery passes through the infratemporal fossa and gives off several branches including the middle meningeal artery, accessory meningeal artery, inferior alveolar artery, and infraorbital artery. It communicates with surrounding areas through gaps in bones and openings in the skull.
Parotid gland
The parotid gland is the largest major salivary gland. It is located below and in front of the external ear. The parotid gland develops early in the fourth week of prenatal development. It has multiple surfaces and borders that relate to surrounding structures like the mandible, masseter muscle, and facial nerve which branches within the gland. The parotid gland secretes saliva through the parotid duct which travels anteriorly to open in the mouth. It receives nerve supply from both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. Lymph from the gland drains to local and deep cervical lymph nodes.
Anatomy of parotid gland
The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland. It is located below and in front of the ear, weighing around 15g. The gland has a three-sided pyramid shape with surfaces and borders that relate to surrounding structures. It receives nerves, blood vessels and drains lymph. The parotid gland secretes saliva and is an important structure in the head and neck.
Mandibular nerve and otic ganglion
The document discusses the mandibular nerve and otic ganglion. It describes the mandibular nerve as the largest of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve and lists its main branches including the masseteric nerve, deep temporal nerves, nerve to the lateral pterygoid, buccal nerve, auriculotemporal nerve, lingual nerve, and inferior alveolar nerve. It also notes the otic ganglion is a small parasympathetic ganglion located near the mandibular nerve that receives connections from both the glossopharyngeal and sympathetic nerves.
Deep cervical fascia (fascia colli)
The document discusses the deep cervical fascia of the neck, which forms a collar around the neck. It has several layers and modifications, including the investing layer, pretracheal layer, prevertebral layer, carotid sheath, buccopharyngeal fascia, temporal fascia, and pharyngobasilar fascia. Each layer has specific attachments, contents, and clinical relevance. For example, the pretracheal fascia attaches the thyroid gland and allows its movement during swallowing, while the prevertebral fascia can allow spread of infection from the neck to the axilla.
Submandibular salivary gland
The submandibular gland is located beneath the lower jaw. It is roughly the size of a walnut and weighs 10-20 grams. The submandibular gland has two parts - a larger superficial part and smaller deep part. It receives blood supply from the sublingual and submental arteries and drains into the common facial and lingual veins. The gland is innervated by parasympathetic fibers from the submandibular ganglion as well as sympathetic fibers from the cervical ganglia. Obstruction of the submandibular duct can cause sialolithiasis or salivary calculi formation leading to xerostomia.
Dural venous sinuses & cavernous sinus - Dr.N.Mugunthan.
1. The document discusses the dural venous sinuses, their characteristics, classification, and the cavernous sinus in detail.
2. The dural venous sinuses drain blood from the brain and cranial cavity, absorb CSF, and receive valveless emissary veins. They are classified into unpaired and paired sinuses.
3. The cavernous sinus is a paired dural venous sinus located near the sphenoid bone. It contains the internal carotid artery and cranial nerves III and IV. Thrombosis or rupture of the cavernous sinus or internal carotid artery can cause symptoms like exophthalmos and ophthalmoplegia.
Carotid Arteries (Anatomy of the Neck)
The document describes the common carotid artery and its branches. It discusses the course and relations of the common carotid artery as it divides into the external and internal carotid arteries. It then focuses on the internal carotid artery, describing its course through the neck and skull. It outlines the branches and distributions of the external carotid artery.
Pterygopalatine ganglion 1
The pterygopalatine ganglion is the largest parasympathetic ganglion in the head and neck. It is located in the pterygopalatine fossa, an important neurovascular junction of the deep face. The ganglion receives sensory roots from the maxillary nerve and autonomic roots from the greater superficial petrosal and deep petrosal nerves. It gives off several branches that innervate structures like the nasal cavity, palate, and pharynx.
otic ganglion.pptx
The otic ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the infratemporal fossa just below the foramen ovale. It is oval shaped and reddish grey in color. It has connections to the mandibular nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, and middle meningeal artery. The otic ganglion plays a role in parasympathetic innervation of lacrimal and salivary glands as well as sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland. Damage to the auricotemporal nerve can cause Frey's syndrome, where facial sweating is induced by eating.
Anatomy of Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is a major salivary gland located in the submandibular region under the mandible. It develops from endodermal buds in the floor of the mouth and grows posteriorly lateral to the tongue. The gland has both superficial and deep parts divided by the mylohyoid muscle. It is a branched tubuloacinar gland composed of serous and mucous acini that secrete saliva. The submandibular gland duct, called Wharton's duct, emerges from the deep part of the gland and opens on the floor of the mouth. The gland is supplied by the facial artery and drains into submandibular lymph nodes.
Maxillary artery
The maxillary artery arises from the external carotid artery and divides into three parts - the mandibular, pterygoid, and pterygopalatine parts. It supplies structures in the face like the maxilla and mandible. The maxillary artery and its branches anastomose with other vessels and are clinically significant for conditions like nosebleeds, epidural hematomas, and complications during procedures like Le Fort I osteotomies when the branches can be injured. Precise surgical techniques are important to avoid damaging branches like the descending palatine artery.
Carotid sheath
The carotid sheath is located in the neck from the base of the skull to the root of the neck. It contains the internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, and branches of the sympathetic trunk. The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid arteries around the level of the thyroid cartilage between vertebrae C3 and C4. The structures within the carotid sheath have important relationships that provide pathways for infection spread.
Anatomy of facial nerve
The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve that emerges from the brainstem and supplies motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression. It has three parts - a motor root, an intermedius nerve that carries taste and parasympathetic fibers, and branches that innervate the muscles of the face and neck. The facial nerve travels through the internal acoustic meatus, has three segments within the facial canal, and exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen before branching within the parotid gland and terminating on individual facial muscles.
Cavernous sinus
The cavernous sinus is located on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone and sella turcica between the inner and outer layers of the dura mater. It is approximately 2cm long and 1cm wide, extending from the superior orbital fissure to the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone. Structures passing through the cavernous sinus include the internal carotid artery, cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI. The two cavernous sinuses are connected by intercavernous sinuses located anteriorly and posteriorly around the diaphragma sellae, allowing for reversible blood flow between the sinuses.
Pterygopalatine fossa and approaches by Dr.Ashwin Menon
The pterygopalatine fossa is a small pyramidal space located between the posterior maxilla and pterygoid processes. It contains the maxillary nerve, pterygopalatine ganglion, vidian nerve and branches of the maxillary artery. The fossa has anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and superior walls. Imaging shows its low density due to contained fat. Conditions involving the fossa include referred otalgia, foramen ovale lesions, and hay fever. Nerve blocks of the maxillary, mandibular and inferior alveolar nerves provide anesthesia to the region. The transantral approach is commonly used to access the fossa during procedures like vidian neurectomy.
FACIAL ARTERY.pptx
anatomy of facial artery, its origin, cervical and facial course, termination of facial artery the branches of facial artery,
Dural folds and cavernous sinus
The document summarizes key anatomical structures related to the dura mater and cavernous sinus. It describes the layers of the meninges and identifies four dural folds - the falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli, and diaphragma sella. It also details the location, relations, tributaries, and communications of the cavernous sinus.
Submandibular gland and hyoglossus muscle and its relations
The submandibular gland lies in the submandibular triangle and fossa of the mandible. It has superficial and deep parts, and its duct passes upwards to open by the frenulum linguae. The hyoglossus muscle originates from the hyoid bone and inserts into the side of the tongue, depressing it. It has superficial relations to the mylohyoid, lingual nerve and submandibular ganglion, and deep relations to the middle constrictor muscle and lingual artery.
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAIN
THIS SEMINAR ON VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAIN ENCOMPASSES ALL THE POSSIBLE DETAILED EXPLANATION ALONG WITH DIAGRAMMATIC ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SAME. APPLIED AND SURGICAL ANATOMY ALONG WITH RECENT MODALITIES HAS BEEN ADDED HEREIN..
Palatine Tonsils
This document describes the anatomy of the palatine tonsils. It discusses that there are two almond-shaped masses of lymphoid tissue located in the tonsillar fossa between the anterior and posterior pillars of the fauces. The tonsils fight microorganisms and guard the oral cavity. They are supplied by blood vessels and nerves and drain into lymph nodes in the neck.
Posterior triangle of neck - Powerpoint lecture notes by Dr.N.Mugunthan.
The posterior triangle of the neck is bounded by the sternocleidomastoid muscle anteriorly and the trapezius muscle posteriorly. It is subdivided into the occipital and subclavian triangles by the omohyoid muscle. The posterior triangle contains nerves like the accessory nerve and branches of the brachial plexus, blood vessels like the external jugular vein and subclavian artery, and lymph nodes. Knowledge of the anatomy of the posterior triangle is important for procedures like brachial plexus blocks and catheterization of the external jugular vein.
Anatomy of infratemporal region
The infratemporal fossa is a space deep to the ramus of the mandible that contains nerves, arteries and muscles. It communicates with the temporal fossa and pterygopalatine fossa. The mandibular nerve passes through the foramen ovale and gives off motor and sensory branches that innervate muscles of mastication and sensation to the face. The maxillary artery passes through supplying branches. The pterygoid venous plexus drains the area.
Muscles of tongue
The document describes the eight intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue. It provides details on the origin, insertion, artery, nerve, and actions of each muscle. The four intrinsic muscles are the superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, and vertical muscles. The four extrinsic muscles are the genioglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus, and hyoglossus muscles.
External carotid artery, branches and ligation
The document discusses the external carotid artery, its branches, and ligation. It begins with an introduction and overview of the embryological development of the external carotid artery. It then describes the common carotid arteries and their course in the neck. It discusses the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and structures located there - the carotid sinus and carotid body. The external carotid artery is then described in detail, including its course, branches, and relations. The branches discussed include the superior thyroid, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular, ascending pharyngeal, maxillary, and superficial temporal arteries. Indications for ligation and surgical approaches are provided at the end.
Cranial cavity ( Department of Anatomy)
Referred from different sources , here i present a very concise presentation on CRANIAL CAVITY . This presentation will give you complete knowledge of the topic cranial cavity with well elaborated and intellectual diagrams hand picked from F. Netter. ......... Do like and share , Leave your comments so as to get more stuff like this in future.
Anterior traingle of neck -1.pptx
This document describes the boundaries, contents, and structures of the anterior triangle of the neck. It is divided into four triangles based on boundaries: muscular, carotid, digastric, and submental. The carotid triangle contains the common carotid artery and its branches, the internal and external carotid arteries. It also contains the internal jugular vein and nerves like the vagus nerve. The main arteries discussed are the common, internal, and external carotid arteries and their branches. Veins and nerves of the region are also outlined.
More Related Content
What's hot
Submandibular salivary gland
The submandibular gland is located beneath the lower jaw. It is roughly the size of a walnut and weighs 10-20 grams. The submandibular gland has two parts - a larger superficial part and smaller deep part. It receives blood supply from the sublingual and submental arteries and drains into the common facial and lingual veins. The gland is innervated by parasympathetic fibers from the submandibular ganglion as well as sympathetic fibers from the cervical ganglia. Obstruction of the submandibular duct can cause sialolithiasis or salivary calculi formation leading to xerostomia.
Dural venous sinuses & cavernous sinus - Dr.N.Mugunthan.
1. The document discusses the dural venous sinuses, their characteristics, classification, and the cavernous sinus in detail.
2. The dural venous sinuses drain blood from the brain and cranial cavity, absorb CSF, and receive valveless emissary veins. They are classified into unpaired and paired sinuses.
3. The cavernous sinus is a paired dural venous sinus located near the sphenoid bone. It contains the internal carotid artery and cranial nerves III and IV. Thrombosis or rupture of the cavernous sinus or internal carotid artery can cause symptoms like exophthalmos and ophthalmoplegia.
Carotid Arteries (Anatomy of the Neck)
The document describes the common carotid artery and its branches. It discusses the course and relations of the common carotid artery as it divides into the external and internal carotid arteries. It then focuses on the internal carotid artery, describing its course through the neck and skull. It outlines the branches and distributions of the external carotid artery.
Pterygopalatine ganglion 1
The pterygopalatine ganglion is the largest parasympathetic ganglion in the head and neck. It is located in the pterygopalatine fossa, an important neurovascular junction of the deep face. The ganglion receives sensory roots from the maxillary nerve and autonomic roots from the greater superficial petrosal and deep petrosal nerves. It gives off several branches that innervate structures like the nasal cavity, palate, and pharynx.
otic ganglion.pptx
The otic ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the infratemporal fossa just below the foramen ovale. It is oval shaped and reddish grey in color. It has connections to the mandibular nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, and middle meningeal artery. The otic ganglion plays a role in parasympathetic innervation of lacrimal and salivary glands as well as sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland. Damage to the auricotemporal nerve can cause Frey's syndrome, where facial sweating is induced by eating.
Anatomy of Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is a major salivary gland located in the submandibular region under the mandible. It develops from endodermal buds in the floor of the mouth and grows posteriorly lateral to the tongue. The gland has both superficial and deep parts divided by the mylohyoid muscle. It is a branched tubuloacinar gland composed of serous and mucous acini that secrete saliva. The submandibular gland duct, called Wharton's duct, emerges from the deep part of the gland and opens on the floor of the mouth. The gland is supplied by the facial artery and drains into submandibular lymph nodes.
Maxillary artery
The maxillary artery arises from the external carotid artery and divides into three parts - the mandibular, pterygoid, and pterygopalatine parts. It supplies structures in the face like the maxilla and mandible. The maxillary artery and its branches anastomose with other vessels and are clinically significant for conditions like nosebleeds, epidural hematomas, and complications during procedures like Le Fort I osteotomies when the branches can be injured. Precise surgical techniques are important to avoid damaging branches like the descending palatine artery.
Carotid sheath
The carotid sheath is located in the neck from the base of the skull to the root of the neck. It contains the internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, and branches of the sympathetic trunk. The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid arteries around the level of the thyroid cartilage between vertebrae C3 and C4. The structures within the carotid sheath have important relationships that provide pathways for infection spread.
Anatomy of facial nerve
The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve that emerges from the brainstem and supplies motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression. It has three parts - a motor root, an intermedius nerve that carries taste and parasympathetic fibers, and branches that innervate the muscles of the face and neck. The facial nerve travels through the internal acoustic meatus, has three segments within the facial canal, and exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen before branching within the parotid gland and terminating on individual facial muscles.
Cavernous sinus
The cavernous sinus is located on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone and sella turcica between the inner and outer layers of the dura mater. It is approximately 2cm long and 1cm wide, extending from the superior orbital fissure to the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone. Structures passing through the cavernous sinus include the internal carotid artery, cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI. The two cavernous sinuses are connected by intercavernous sinuses located anteriorly and posteriorly around the diaphragma sellae, allowing for reversible blood flow between the sinuses.
Pterygopalatine fossa and approaches by Dr.Ashwin Menon
The pterygopalatine fossa is a small pyramidal space located between the posterior maxilla and pterygoid processes. It contains the maxillary nerve, pterygopalatine ganglion, vidian nerve and branches of the maxillary artery. The fossa has anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and superior walls. Imaging shows its low density due to contained fat. Conditions involving the fossa include referred otalgia, foramen ovale lesions, and hay fever. Nerve blocks of the maxillary, mandibular and inferior alveolar nerves provide anesthesia to the region. The transantral approach is commonly used to access the fossa during procedures like vidian neurectomy.
FACIAL ARTERY.pptx
anatomy of facial artery, its origin, cervical and facial course, termination of facial artery the branches of facial artery,
Dural folds and cavernous sinus
The document summarizes key anatomical structures related to the dura mater and cavernous sinus. It describes the layers of the meninges and identifies four dural folds - the falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli, and diaphragma sella. It also details the location, relations, tributaries, and communications of the cavernous sinus.
Submandibular gland and hyoglossus muscle and its relations
The submandibular gland lies in the submandibular triangle and fossa of the mandible. It has superficial and deep parts, and its duct passes upwards to open by the frenulum linguae. The hyoglossus muscle originates from the hyoid bone and inserts into the side of the tongue, depressing it. It has superficial relations to the mylohyoid, lingual nerve and submandibular ganglion, and deep relations to the middle constrictor muscle and lingual artery.
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAIN
THIS SEMINAR ON VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAIN ENCOMPASSES ALL THE POSSIBLE DETAILED EXPLANATION ALONG WITH DIAGRAMMATIC ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SAME. APPLIED AND SURGICAL ANATOMY ALONG WITH RECENT MODALITIES HAS BEEN ADDED HEREIN..
Palatine Tonsils
This document describes the anatomy of the palatine tonsils. It discusses that there are two almond-shaped masses of lymphoid tissue located in the tonsillar fossa between the anterior and posterior pillars of the fauces. The tonsils fight microorganisms and guard the oral cavity. They are supplied by blood vessels and nerves and drain into lymph nodes in the neck.
Posterior triangle of neck - Powerpoint lecture notes by Dr.N.Mugunthan.
The posterior triangle of the neck is bounded by the sternocleidomastoid muscle anteriorly and the trapezius muscle posteriorly. It is subdivided into the occipital and subclavian triangles by the omohyoid muscle. The posterior triangle contains nerves like the accessory nerve and branches of the brachial plexus, blood vessels like the external jugular vein and subclavian artery, and lymph nodes. Knowledge of the anatomy of the posterior triangle is important for procedures like brachial plexus blocks and catheterization of the external jugular vein.
Anatomy of infratemporal region
The infratemporal fossa is a space deep to the ramus of the mandible that contains nerves, arteries and muscles. It communicates with the temporal fossa and pterygopalatine fossa. The mandibular nerve passes through the foramen ovale and gives off motor and sensory branches that innervate muscles of mastication and sensation to the face. The maxillary artery passes through supplying branches. The pterygoid venous plexus drains the area.
Muscles of tongue
The document describes the eight intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue. It provides details on the origin, insertion, artery, nerve, and actions of each muscle. The four intrinsic muscles are the superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, and vertical muscles. The four extrinsic muscles are the genioglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus, and hyoglossus muscles.
External carotid artery, branches and ligation
The document discusses the external carotid artery, its branches, and ligation. It begins with an introduction and overview of the embryological development of the external carotid artery. It then describes the common carotid arteries and their course in the neck. It discusses the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and structures located there - the carotid sinus and carotid body. The external carotid artery is then described in detail, including its course, branches, and relations. The branches discussed include the superior thyroid, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular, ascending pharyngeal, maxillary, and superficial temporal arteries. Indications for ligation and surgical approaches are provided at the end.
What's hot (20)
Dural venous sinuses & cavernous sinus - Dr.N.Mugunthan.
Dural venous sinuses & cavernous sinus - Dr.N.Mugunthan.
Pterygopalatine fossa and approaches by Dr.Ashwin Menon
Pterygopalatine fossa and approaches by Dr.Ashwin Menon
Submandibular gland and hyoglossus muscle and its relations
Submandibular gland and hyoglossus muscle and its relations
Posterior triangle of neck - Powerpoint lecture notes by Dr.N.Mugunthan.
Posterior triangle of neck - Powerpoint lecture notes by Dr.N.Mugunthan.
Similar to Cavernous sinus
Cranial cavity ( Department of Anatomy)
Referred from different sources , here i present a very concise presentation on CRANIAL CAVITY . This presentation will give you complete knowledge of the topic cranial cavity with well elaborated and intellectual diagrams hand picked from F. Netter. ......... Do like and share , Leave your comments so as to get more stuff like this in future.
Anterior traingle of neck -1.pptx
This document describes the boundaries, contents, and structures of the anterior triangle of the neck. It is divided into four triangles based on boundaries: muscular, carotid, digastric, and submental. The carotid triangle contains the common carotid artery and its branches, the internal and external carotid arteries. It also contains the internal jugular vein and nerves like the vagus nerve. The main arteries discussed are the common, internal, and external carotid arteries and their branches. Veins and nerves of the region are also outlined.
The cranial bones
The document summarizes the anatomy of the skull. It discusses the 8 cranial bones that form the neurocranium and house and protect the brain. It then describes each individual cranial bone - the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones - and highlights their key features and structures.
Dural venous sinuses.pptx
The document discusses the anatomy of the dural venous sinuses and meninges. It begins by describing the three layers and three spaces of the meninges. It then discusses the dural venous sinuses, noting that they are located along the lines of separation between the endosteal and meningeal dura layers. It classifies the sinuses and describes the anatomy and tributaries of individual sinuses such as the superior sagittal sinus, transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus, cavernous sinus, and others. It concludes by discussing some applied anatomy regarding thrombosis and infections that can involve the sinuses.
Trigeminal nerve
The trigeminal nerve is a mixed nerve that is the largest of the cranial nerves. It has both sensory and motor functions. Sensory branches provide sensation to the face and motor branches innervate the muscles of mastication. The trigeminal nerve has three major divisions - ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. These divisions branch further to innervate specific regions of the face. The trigeminal ganglion contains the cell bodies of pseudounipolar neurons that relay sensory information from the face to the brainstem trigeminal nuclei.
Skull base anatomy by Dr. Aditya Tiwari
The document discusses the anatomy and embryology of the skull base. It describes the various bones that make up the skull base, including the sphenoid, occipital and temporal bones. It outlines the boundaries and contents of the different cranial fossae: anterior, middle, and posterior. It also details important anatomical structures in the skull base like the cavernous sinus, foramina, and various nerves and vessels that pass through the skull base. Comprehensive knowledge of the skull base anatomy is important for understanding pathologies and surgical planning.
Anatomy of Skullbase
The skull base forms the floor of the cranial cavity and separates the brain from facial structures. It is a complex region made up of 5 bones - ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, and paired temporal and frontal bones. It has three areas - anterior, middle, and posterior. The anterior area contains openings for vessels and nerves like the cribriform plate and optic canal. The middle area contains the cavernous sinus and openings like the superior orbital fissure. The posterior area borders the occipital bone and contains structures like the jugular foramen. A thorough understanding of the anatomy in this region is important for surgical planning and understanding pathologies.
Anatomy of skull base
Anatomy of the skull base,
Foramen of the skull base, lateral skull base, anterior skull base, internal carotid artery, cranial nerves, cavernous sinus
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
The spinal cord is the main pathway connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system. It extends from the foramen magnum to the L1-L3 vertebrae in adults. It is surrounded by three meningeal layers and occupies the upper two-thirds of the vertebral canal. It gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerves. Internally, it contains grey matter in an H-shaped arrangement surrounded by white matter. The grey matter contains sensory and motor neurons that help supply different regions like the limbs. Major tracts include the corticospinal, spinothalamic and spinocerebellar tracts. The spinal cord receives its blood supply from the anterior and posterior spinal arteries. Injuries can cause
Trigeminal nerve (1)
trigeminal nerve : 5th cranial nerve , its course and distribution
related diseases
clinical implications
Sella Suprasellar Anatomy.pptx
This document provides an overview of the anatomy of the sella and suprasellar region. It describes the sella turcica as a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland. The nasal cavity and sphenoid bone form the boundaries around the sella. The pituitary gland sits within the sella and has anterior and posterior lobes that serve different endocrine functions. Several cranial nerves pass through the suprasellar region above the sella, including the optic nerves and oculomotor nerve. Major vascular structures like the carotid arteries also have relationships within the sella and suprasellar anatomy.
Ventricles,csf and dural sinuses anudeep singh
This document summarizes the dural sinuses, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) systems. It describes the anatomy and flow of blood within the dural sinuses, located between the layers of the dura mater, and lists the various sinuses. It also outlines the anatomy and structures of the four ventricles - lateral, third, fourth, and their interconnections via the cerebral aqueduct. Finally, it discusses CSF production, circulation from the ventricles to subarachnoid space, reabsorption into dural sinuses, and conditions like hydrocephalus.
Trigeminal nerve
This document provides an overview of the trigeminal nerve, which is the fifth cranial nerve. It begins with an introduction to cranial nerves and then discusses the specific nuclei, ganglia, and divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The three divisions - ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves - are described in detail regarding their course, branches, and sensory and motor functions. Key structures discussed include the trigeminal ganglion, gasserian ganglion, pterygopalatine ganglion, and submandibular ganglion. The document concludes with a recap of the main branches of the trigeminal nerve.
Meninges of brain & spinal cord
The three meninges (membranous layers) that cover the brain and spinal cord are the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. The dura mater is the outermost layer and consists of two layers. The arachnoid mater lies interior to the dura mater and the subarachnoid space contains cerebrospinal fluid. The pia mater is the innermost layer and closely adheres to the brain and spinal cord. Several folds of dura mater form septa that partition brain regions including the falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, and falx cerebelli. Several venous sinuses are contained within the dura mater layers. The
Medulla oblongata
The document describes the anatomy and functions of the medulla oblongata. It is the lowest part of the brainstem located in the posterior cranial fossa. It connects the spinal cord to the forebrain and contains nuclei of cranial nerves III-XII. Key structures in the medulla include the pyramids, olives, inferior cerebellar peduncles, and nuclei that control vital functions like respiration and cardiovascular regulation. The document discusses the medulla at different transverse section levels to describe its internal organization and pathways for motor and sensory signals.
The trigeminal nerve
The trigeminal nerve is the largest cranial nerve and is a mixed nerve containing both sensory and motor fibers. It has three major divisions - the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. The ophthalmic nerve innervates the face above the eyes. The maxillary nerve innervates the midface, and the mandibular nerve innervates the lower face and jaw muscles. The trigeminal ganglion contains the cell bodies of the pseudounipolar neurons whose axons make up the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nuclei in the brainstem are involved in relaying sensory information from the trigeminal nerve.
Deep cervical fascia and post triangle of neck anatomy
The side of the neck is divided into the anterior and posterior triangles by the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The posterior triangle contains structures like the spinal accessory nerve, branches of the cervical plexus, and the brachial plexus trunks. It is further divided into the occipital and subclavian triangles by the omohyoid muscle. The deep cervical fascia forms layers like the investing, pretracheal, prevertebral and carotid sheaths that divide spaces and surround structures in the neck.
Trigeminal Nerve Dr.AD.pptx
The trigeminal nerve is the largest of the 12 cranial nerves. It has both sensory and motor functions, supplying sensation to the face and motor innervation to the muscles of mastication. The trigeminal nerve has three main divisions - the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. These divisions and their branches innervate different regions of the face and head. Injuries or disorders of the trigeminal nerve can result in numbness, pain, or muscle dysfunction in the territories it supplies. Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful condition characterized by episodes of intense, stabbing pain in areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve.
Similar to Cavernous sinus (20)
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Deep cervical fascia and post triangle of neck anatomy
Deep cervical fascia and post triangle of neck anatomy
More from drasarma1947
Development of stomach
The stomach develops from the foregut during the fourth week of embryonic development. It undergoes two rotations along longitudinal and anteroposterior axes to reach its final adult position. The stomach receives its blood supply from branches of the celiac trunk and develops a complex mucosal and submucosal vascular network. Rare congenital anomalies can affect the shape and rotation of the stomach. Gastric volvulus is a serious condition where the stomach twists around its axes, potentially causing obstruction or ischemia.
Dural sinuses
1. The document describes the anatomy of the brain, skull, and associated blood vessels and sinuses.
2. It discusses the arterial supply to the brain from the internal carotid and vertebral arteries and the venous drainage from the brain through cerebral veins, sinuses, and eventually the internal jugular vein.
3. It also describes the layers of the skull, including the bones, membranes, veins, and sinuses located both within and on the surface of the skull.
Parotid salivary gland
The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland. During the 4th week of development, it appears as a bud in the angle between the maxillary and mandibular processes. It is a triangular pyramid-shaped gland located below and in front of the ear. The parotid gland secretes saliva through the parotid duct which passes over the masseter muscle and opens opposite the upper second molar. The facial nerve gives branches throughout the gland and passes through its posterior surface. The parotid gland receives its blood supply from branches of the external carotid artery and drains into the external jugular vein.
Palatine tonsil
Lymphoid tissue in the body includes primary, secondary, and tertiary tissues. Secondary lymphoid organs like lymph nodes initiate immune responses when lymphocytes are activated by antigens. Mature lymphocytes recirculate between blood and lymphoid organs until encountering specific antigens. The tonsils are oval masses of lymphoid tissue in the throat that help prevent pathogens from entering through the mouth and nose. They have crypts that increase surface area for protection. Infected tonsils can act as sites of infection.
Vessels and nerves of sole of foot
This document describes the anatomy of the sole of the foot, including four layers of muscles, arteries, nerves, and the plantar aponeurosis. The four layers of muscles in the sole are the abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and abductor digiti minimi in the first layer. The second layer contains the flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, and other muscles. The third layer has two muscles and the fourth layer contains nine muscles including the interossei muscles. The document also outlines the arterial blood supply and nerves to the sole, with branches from the posterior tibial, medial and lateral plantar arteries and nerves.
Layers of muscles of foot
The document describes the four layers of muscles in the sole of the foot. The first layer contains four muscles including the abductor hallucis. The second layer contains seven muscles including the flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus. The third layer contains three muscles. The fourth and deepest layer contains nine muscles including the tibialis posterior, peroneus longus, and interossei muscles. The plantar aponeurosis connects many of the muscles and continues into the deep fascia on the top of the foot.
Arches of foot
The document discusses the anatomy and functions of the human foot. It describes how the foot is made up of bones, muscles, ligaments and arches that work together to support body weight and enable walking, running and balance. The medial and lateral longitudinal arches and transverse arch are described. Their roles in weight distribution, acting as levers and protecting structures are summarized. Common foot deformities such as flat feet, high arches, club foot and bunions are also outlined.
Hamstrings sciatic nerve
This document provides information about the sciatic nerve and muscles it innervates. It originates from the ischial tuberosity and inserts into the tibia and fibula bones of the leg. It is supplied by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve. The muscles it innervates allow for flexion of the knee and extension of the hip. These muscles include the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris. Compression of the sciatic nerve can occur against the femur or from conditions like lumbar disc prolapse and can result in shooting pain along the nerve's cutaneous distribution.
Pericardium external features
The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the mediastinum. It is roughly the size of a clenched fist and has 4 chambers - 2 atria and 2 ventricles separated by interatrial and interventricular septa. The heart receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae into the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation before returning oxygenated blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle and out to the aorta for systemic circulation. The heart has surfaces, borders, and measurements described.
Thalamus, anatomy of thalamus, Thalamus PPT
1. The document describes the anatomy and functions of the thalamus.
2. It is a midline paired structure located within the brain that relays sensory information (except smell) between the brainstem and cerebral cortex.
3. The thalamus has several nuclei that receive sensory information from different pathways and project to specific areas of the cerebral cortex, functioning as a relay for sensory integration.
Anatomy of duodenum, duodenum structure, PPT of duodenum, power point present...
The duodenum is the C-shaped first part of the small intestine. It has four parts and is fixed to the posterior abdominal wall. The first part is the most movable and is a common site for peptic ulcers. It receives bile and pancreatic juices through the major duodenal papilla. The duodenum has circular folds and Brunner's glands in its submucosa. It is supplied by various branches of the celiac artery and drains into the portal vein.
Anatomy of anal canal
The anal canal begins at the ano-rectal junction and extends downwards for approximately 4 cm, ending at the anal orifice. It is surrounded by two sphincter muscles - the internal and external sphincters. The pectinate line divides the anal canal into upper and lower regions with different anatomical features. Blood supply comes from the superior, middle, and inferior rectal arteries while drainage is through internal and external hemorrhoidal veins. Nerve supply is from the inferior hypogastric plexus and pudendal nerve. Anal fistulae are abnormal tracts that can develop connecting the anal canal to the perianal skin.
More from drasarma1947 (12)
Anatomy of duodenum, duodenum structure, PPT of duodenum, power point present...
Anatomy of duodenum, duodenum structure, PPT of duodenum, power point present...
Recently uploaded
5 Effective Homeopathic Medicines for Irregular Periods
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PG in India
Foundation of Yoga, YCB Level-3, Unit-1
Unit -1 of Yoga certification board, level 3, all topics covered. An exam conducted by ministry of Ayush for yoga enthusiastic students.
biomechanics of running. Dr.dhwani.pptx
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Challenges associated with ageing from a public health perspective
RESPIRATORY DISEASES by bhavya kelavadiya
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
What is Obesity? How to overcome Obesity?
Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdf
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort. Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
Cervical Disc Arthroplasty ORSI 2024.pptx
Indication and installation of a mobile cervical disc prosthesis. Benefits of the PRODISC C VIVO mobile disc prosthesis (Centinel Spine)
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montrealPharmacology of Drugs for Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive Heart failure is caused by low cardiac output and high sympathetic discharge. Diuretics reduce preload, ACE inhibitors lower afterload, beta blockers reduce sympathetic activity, and digitalis has inotropic effects. Newer medications target vasodilation and myosin activation to improve heart efficiency while lowering energy requirements. Combination therapy, following an assessment of cardiac function and volume status, is the most effective strategy to heart failure care.
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
This quiz was conducted as a promotional event for the 2024 Annual Meet of Kerala Chapter of API.
More than 20 participants took part everyday !
Patellar Instability: Diagnosis Management
Pictorial and detailed description of patellar instability with sign and symptoms and how to diagnose , what investigations you should go with and how to approach with treatment options . I have presented this slide in my 2nd year junior residency in orthopedics at LLRM medical college Meerut and got good reviews for it
After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Recently uploaded (20)
5 Effective Homeopathic Medicines for Irregular Periods
5 Effective Homeopathic Medicines for Irregular Periods
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdf
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdf
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
Pharmacology of Drugs for Congestive Heart Failure
Pharmacology of Drugs for Congestive Heart Failure
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Cavernous sinus
- 3. 2 cms long 1 cm wide Situated in middle cranial fossa on the sides of body of sphenoid Anterior – sup. Orbital fissure Posterior - Apex of petrous temp. bone Floor & medial wall – endosteal layer of dura Roof & lateral Wall - meningeal layer of dura CAVERNOUS SINUS
- 4. Structure passing through 1. Int. carotid surrounded by venous and sympathetic plexuses 2. Abducent N. (Inf. lat. to carotid art.) Structures in lateral wall 1. Oculomotor N. 2. Trcochlear N. 3. Ophthalmic N. 4. Maxillary N.
- 5. External relations 1. Above – Optic chiasma, backward and upward turn of carotid – carotid siphon 2. Medial – Hypophysis cerebri 3. Lateral – Posterolateral part cavumtrigeminale containing ganglion 4. Below - Shenoid sinus
- 6. Tributaries 1. Sup. Ophthalmic vein 2. Branch of Inf. Ophthalmic vein 3. Central vein of retina 4. Superficial middle cererbal vein 5. Inferior cerebral veins 6. Sphenoparietal sinus 7. Anterior / Frontal trunk of middle meningeal vein
- 7. Communications 1. Transverse sinus via Sup. petrosal sinus 2. Int. Jugular vein through inf. petrosal sinus 3. Pterygoid venous plexus through emissary veins - foramen ovale, spinosum and lacerum 4. Facial vein through sup. Ophthalmic vein & angular vein or pterygoid venous plexus and deep facial vein 5. Opp. Cavernous sinus through ant / post intercavernous sinuses 6. Sup. Sag. Sinus through Middle cerebral vein and vein & sup. Anastomotic vein
- 8. Sphenoparietal Cavernous Ant. intercavernous Sup. petrosal Inf. petrosal Transverse Sigmoid Occipital
- 16. Pituitary gland 3 4 V.1 V.2 Sphen. Air sinus 6 Int.Car.art. Cavern. Sinus
- 18. Int. carotid art.Infundibulum Hypophysis Oculomotor Trochlear Ophthalmic Maxillary Int. carotid Mandibular Abducent
- 22. Cavernous sinus thrombosis Cause: Sepsis dangerous area of face, paranasal sinuses, nasal cavities Neurological – severe pain eye anf forehead Ophthalmic n. Paralysis of ocular muscles – - 3rd , 4th and 6th n. Venous block – oedema of eye lids, cornea, nose exophthalmos Injury causing communication between cavernous sinus and carotid leads to pulsating exophthalmos
- 23. Sinogram
- 24. Carotid siphon