outline on alternative fuels.

1. ALTERNATIVE FUELS
Bio fuels
by
Shaik Anwar Hussain
@anwarshaik16

2. OUTLOOK OF PRESENTATION
 Definition of Biofuels
 Types of Biofuels
 Characteristics of Biofuels
 Comparison with petrol (gasoline)

3. DEFINITION OF BIOFUELS
 Biofuels are liquid fuels, which are made from a
variety of sources of biomass:
• plant materials
• types of crops
• recycled or waste vegetable oils
 Biofuels can be used in internal combustion
engines, as a replacement or complement of petrol
and diesel.

4. BIOFUELS
 Reasons for promoting biofuels are:
• To contribute to the security of energy supply;
• To contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions;
• To promote a greater use of renewable energy;
• To diversify agricultural economies into new
markets.

5. TYPES OF BIOFUELS
 The two main biofuels are:
1. Bioethanol, as a substitute or additive for petrol;
2. Biodiesel, as a substitute for diesel;

6. BIODIESEL AND THE ENVIRONMENT
 Use of 100% biodiesel would reduce “life-cycle”
CO2 emissions by 40 to 50%.
 But, this is not common…
 …Use of 5% blend reduces CO2 emissions by 2 to
2.5%.
 Biodiesel is biodegradable

7. FLEXIBLE FUELLED VEHICLES (FFV)
• Flexible Fuelled Vehicles, FFV, can use higher
concentrations of bioethanol
 Ford, Volvo and Saab sell FFV (blend of 85%
bioethanol and 15% petrol)

8. USE OF BIOETHANOL
• The energy content of bioethanol is about two-thirds
that of petrol
 Consumption is higher (volume)
• Bioethanol is an alcohol – contains oxygen
(C2H5OH)
 Need to adjust air/fuel ratio – modern engines do it up
to 10% bioethanol blends

9. BIOETHANOL AND THE ENVIRONMENT
• For 100% bioethanol the reductions are typically 50
to 60% on a “life-cycle” basis compared with
conventional fossil fuels.
• 5% blends would bring approximately 2.5 to 3% net
reductions.

10. BIOFUELS – ECONOMIC ASPECTS
• Producing biodiesel from oil seeds costs about twice
as much as diesel from crude oil
• Producing bioethanol costs about 2-3 times as much
as petrol from crude oil....

11. BIODIESEL EMISSION (GRAPH)

13. Thank you for your attention!
Gracias! Para su atención!