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Fuel types
Fossil fuels like coal, crude oil, and natural gas are classified as primary or natural fuels that occur underground. They were formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Coal is a solid fossil fuel that was formed from plant matter during the Carboniferous period 300 million years ago. Crude oil is a liquid fossil fuel formed from decayed marine organisms and methane is a gas fossil fuel. Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources that are being depleted through human usage.
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Fuel types
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- 3. 3 On the basisof occurrence FUEL PRIMARY OR NATURAL FUEL SECONDARY OR ARTIFICIAL FUEL Archana Singh
- 4. 4 CLASSIFICATION OF FUEL Fuelsare classified as • Primary fuels – Fuels which occur naturally such as coal, crude petroleum and natural gas. Coal and crude petroleum, formed from organic matter many millions of years ago, are referred to as fossil fuels. • Secondary fuels – Fuels which are derived from naturally occurring ones by a treatment process such as coke, gasoline, coal gas etc. Archana Singh
- 5. 5 On basis ofphysical state FUEL SOLID LIQUID GAS Archana Singh
- 6. 6 FUEL Primary Fuels Solid Eg. Wood,peat Liquid Eg.crudeoil Gas Eg.Natural gas Secondary fuels Solid EgCoke,charcoal Liquid Eg. Petrol ,LPG Gas Eg.coal gas ,water gas Archana Singh
- 7. What are fossilfuels? Solid = _________ Liquid = ___________ Gas = _____________ Fossil fuels took millions of years to form. Once they are used, we cannot replace them. Therefore, we call them _________________ _____________ ________________. 7Archana Singh
- 8. Most coal wasformed from plants which grew 300 million years ago. The time period is called CARBONIFEROUS ERA 8Archana Singh
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- 11. 11 • The rankingsequence is: Wood Peat Lignite (brown coal) Bituminous Coal Anthracite • In general, deposits close to the surface which can be worked by strip mining produce a more economical fuel than deep mined coal. Archana Singh
- 12. OIL (PETROLEUM) Buried organicmatter rich in hydrocarbons 12Archana Singh
- 13. How oil andgas were formed 1. In the ocean - Plants use sun’s energy to survive and animals get their energy by eating plants 2. Plants and animals in ocean die. The one’s that are not eaten fall to the bottom of the sea. 3. A few millions of years later - layers of mud forms on top of the dead animals and plants 4. Another few millions of years later - layers of sand builds up on top of the mud 5. Pressure of all these layers of mud and sand squashes and turns in to mud stone 6. Pressure of all these layers of mud and sand squashes and turns plants and animals to oil and natural gas 7. Now, scientist burn oil and gas in power stations but this releases harmful gases 13Archana Singh
- 14. FOSSIL FUELS 85% ofthe world’s commercial energy COAL OILNATURAL GAS 14Archana Singh
- 15. OIL and NATURALGAS (Methane) Even though it was not made from dead plants or animals, nuclear fuel is considered to be a fossil fuel because it comes from the ground and is running out. Made from the decayed remains of sea creatures which died millions of years ago 15Archana Singh
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- 18. NATURAL GAS Methane, other Gasesin bedrock 18Archana Singh
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- 20. Advantages of naturalgas • Cleaner to burn – Half as much CO2 as coal • More efficient – 10% energy lost • 60-year supply at current rates 20Archana Singh
- 21. Disadvantages of naturalgas • Difficult to transport – Pipelines – Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) tankers • Can be polluting, dangerous when extracted • Methane bed drilling pollutes 21Archana Singh