Mandibular nerve

1. MANDIBULAR NERVE
BY: Dr. Mohammad Amaan

3. Introduction
• Largest mixed branch of the trigeminal nerve
• Nerve of the 1st branchial arch
• Supplies all the structure derived from the 1st
arch
• Otic and submandibular ganglia are associated
with this nerve

4. Course and relation
• It begins in the (MCF) middle cranial fossa
• Large sensory + small motor root = main trunk
• Sensory root arises from trigeminal ganglion
and runs forwards and laterally towards
foramen ovale
• Motor root arises from the trigeminal motor
nucleus in the pons & runs deep to the
trigeminal ganglion to join the sensory root
in the foramen ovale

5. Cont..
• Sensory root + motor root = main trunk
• The main trunk
- lies in the infratemporal fossa
- on the tensor veli palatini, deep to lat.
Pterygoid
• The main trunk divides to
- small anterior trunk
- large posterior trunk

6. Branches of mandibular nerve
A) Branches of the main nerve trunk.
B) from the (small) anterior division
C) from the (large) posterior division

7. 1. Branch from the Main trunk
• 2 branches (one motor and one sensory)
A) M- Meningeal branch
B) M- Nerve to Medial Pterygoid

8. A. Meningeal branch / nervous spinosus
(sensory) –
- it enters the skull through foramen spinosum
with the middle Meningeal artery
- Supplies the Dura mater of MCF, middle
cranial fossa

9. B. Nerve to medial Pterygoid . (Motor)-
- arises close to the otic ganglion
- supplies medial Pterygoid
- it also gives a branch which traverse the otic
ganglion without relay to supply the:-
-- tensor veli palatini &
-- tensor tympani muscles

10. Branches of the anterior division
• 4 branches (1 sensory and 3 motor)
1. B – Buccal nerve (sensory)
2. P – Lateral Pterygoid
3. M – Masseteric nerve
4. T – deep Temporal nerves

11. 1. Buccal nerve
• Sensory branch
• Passes between two heads of lateral Pterygoid,
runs downwards and forwards
• Supplies the:-
- skin of the cheek
- mucous membrane related to the buccinator
- labial aspect of gums of molar and premolar
teeth

15. 2. Masseteric nerve
• Emerges at the upper border of lateral
Pterygoid
• Enters the deep surface of masseter
• Supplies:-
-- masseter muscle
-- TMJ

16. 3. Deep temporal nerves
• Two in number- anterior and posterior
• Passes between the skull and the lateral
Pterygoid
• Enters the deep surface of temporalis

17. 4. Nerve to lateral Pterygoid
• Enters the deep surface of lateral pterygoid

18. 3) branches from the (large) posterior
division
A) A - Auriculotemporal nerve
B) L - Lingual nerve
C) I - Inferior Alveolar nerve

19. A - Auriculotemporal nerve
• Arises by 2 roots, runs backwards, encircle the
middle Meningeal artery, unite to form a single
trunk
• Auricular part :- supplies –
- Skin of the tragus
- Upper part of pinna
- External acoustic meatus
- Tymapnic membrane
• Temporal part :- supplies – skin of the temple
• Auriculotemporal nerve also supplies-
- Parotid gland (secretomotor and sensory)
- TMJ

20. Lingual nerve
• Its sensory to the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue
and to the floor of the mouth
• Fibres of chorda tympani (branch of facial nerve)
are also distributed through the lingual nerve.
COURSE :- It begins one cm below the skull, little
below it joins with the chorda tympani nerve.

23. 3.Inferior Alveolar nerve
• Larger terminal branch of posterior division
• It enters the mandibular foramen and runs in
the mandibular canal.
• It is accompanied by the inferior alveolar artery

24. . BRANCHES:-
1. Mylohyoid branch- it arises before the
inferior alveolar nerve enters the mandibular
foramen.
Supplies:- mylohyoid muscle, anterior belly of
digatric
2. In the canal it gives branches that supply the
lower teeth and gums
3. Mental nerves ;- emerges at the mental
foramen,supplies skin of the chin, skin and
mucous mebrane of the lower lip. Its incisive
branch supply incisor and canine teeth

25. Otic ganglion
• It is peripheral parasympathetic ganglion, which
relays secretomotor fibres to the parotid gland
• Topographically – related to mandibular nerve
• Functionally – related to gloss pharyngeal nerve

27. Size and situation
• It is 2-3 mm in size
• Situated in the infratemporal fossa, just below
the foramen ovale
• Lies medial to the mandibular nerve, lateral to
the tensor veli palatini.

28. Connection and branches
• The secretomotor or parasympathetic root is
formed by the lesser petrosal nerve
• Sympathetic root is derieved from the plexus on
the middle meningeal artery
• The sensory root comes from the
auriculotemporal nerve and is sensory to the
parotid gland.