The document discusses the key components of a computer system, including hardware, software, and liveware. It describes the central processing unit (CPU) as the brain of the computer and explains that CPU speed is measured in instructions processed per second. It also discusses main memory (RAM), storage devices like hard drives, and input/output devices. Multi-core processors are mentioned as a way to increase processing performance. RAM is described as volatile memory that holds instructions and data, with its capacity and frequency affecting software usage and multitasking ability. Common input devices include keyboards, mice, and touchscreens, while monitors are typically the main output device.

2.  Hardware
 Software
 Liveware

3.  System Unit
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 also called “The Chip”, “Microprocessor” or simply “The Processor”
 Main Memory (RAM)
 Storage Devices
 Input Devices
 Output Devices

4.  CPU or microprocessor is often described as the brain of a
computer
 CPU is an integrated circuit or “chip” which processes
instructions and data.
 CPU speed or CPU performance is measured by the
completed Instruction Cycles Per Second (IPS).
 Currently, CPU speeds range from
600 megahertz (MHz or million cycles
per second) to 4 gigahertz (GHz or
billion cycles per second).

5.  Processing performance of computers is increased by using
multi-core processors, which essentially is plugging two or
more individual processors (called cores in this sense) into
one integrated circuit.
(Eg: Intel Core i5, AMD Phenom II X4, …)

6. RAM or Random Access Memory
 It is a volatile type of memory
 Holds instructions for processing
data, processed data, and raw data.
 Ram is measured by:
 Capacity (in Megabytes or Gigabytes)
 Frequency (in MHz)

7.  Amount of RAM installed will determine.
Which software applications will run
(efficiently)?
How many software applications can be open
simultaneously? (multitasking ability)
 Types of RAM:
SRAM (Static RAM)
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)

8.  Magnetic storage devices store data by
magnetizing particles on a disk or tape.
 Optical storage devices store data as light
and dark spots on the disk surface.

9. Hard Disk Drives
 Capacity is measured in gigabytes (GB or
billions of bytes).
 Typically permanently installed.
 Used to store operating system, application
software, utilities and data.
 Magnetic storage device.

10. Other Storage Devices :
 CD, DVD, BD…
 External Hard Drives
 USB Flash Drive (Pen drive orThumb drive)

11.  Input devices gather and translate data
into a form the computer understands.
 Primary input device:
 Keyboard - Most common input device; used to
type in commands and data.
 Mouse or Trackball enhances user’s ability to
input commands, manipulate text, images.
 Touchpad orTouchscreen
 Joystick useful for Gaming

12.  Scanners
 Webcams
 Microphones

13.  Monitors are the most commonly used
output device.
Most monitors use a bitmap (Raster) display.
 Allows user to resize the display.
 Divides the screen into a matrix of tiny square “dots”
called pixels.
 The more “dots” a screen can display, the higher the
resolution of the monitor.
 For example: CRT(Cathode RayTube), LCD (Liquid Crystal
Display)…

14. Other output devices:
 Speakers
 Printers
 Projectors

15. ThankYou!